CPE REport

A
PROJECT REPORT ON
“WEATHER FORECASTING FOR FARMING”
FOR THE DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mrs. A. P. Borlepwar
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
CSMSS COLLEGE OF POLYTECHNIC,
SAMBHAJINAGAR MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
AND
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI
ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-23

CHHATRAPATI SHAHU MAHARAJ SHIKSHAN SANSTHA’S
COLLEGE OF POLYTECHNIC
KANCHANWADI, PAITHAN ROAD, SAMBHAJINAGAR
PROJECT REPORT ON
“WEATHER FORECASTING FOR FARMING”
FOR THE DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR

SUBMITTED TO
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
YEAR 2022-2023
CHHATRAPATI SHAHU MAHARAJ SHIKSHAN SANSTHA’S
COLLEGE OF POLYTECHNIC
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Ms. LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR from (Institute)
CSMSS College of Polytechnic having Enrolment No. 1911520064 have
Completed Project of final year having title “Weather Forecasting For Farming”
during academic year 2022-23. The project completed by individually under the
guidance of the Faculty guide.
Project Guide Head of Department Principal

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives us a great pleasure to submit this project report on “WEATHER FORECASTING

FOR FARMING”. We would like to express our thanks to the people who have helped us most
throughout our project. We would like to express our sincere thanks to the principal of CSMSS
College of Polytechnic Dr. Ganesh B. Dongre for being always with us as a motivator. We are
thankful to the H.O.D. of Computer Engineering Department, Ms.R.S.Pophale for her kind
support. We are grateful to our Project Guide Mrs. A. P. Borlepwar for nonstop support and
continuous motivation for the project. Her help made us possible to complete our project with all
accurate information.
A special thanks of our goes to our friends who helped us in completing the project, where
they all exchanged their own interesting ideas. We wish to thanks our parents for their personal
support or attention who inspired us to go our own way. Finally, we would like to thank God
who made all things possible for us till the end.
1. LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR

ABSTRACT
The main objective was to plan and program a desktop application for any domain. We have to
apply the best software engineering practice for desktop application. As a developer we were
asked to developed a “Weather Forecasting For Farmer’s using python. A Weather Forecasting
For Farmers using python” is generally used by user. The idea of the application is to allow the
user to plan his decision for his farm. Thus the application can help the user in farming digitally.
All live data is fetched from API. This application plays an important role in field of farming and
can help farmers in day to day life, that can reduces the stress and workload of farmers. Weather
forecasting can help with a farmer’s business decisions. Forecasts can help them plan for the
many day-to-day decisions. These decisions include crop irrigation, time to fertilize, and what
days are suitable for working in the field. The decisions that farmers make will result in a
profitable crop or failure.
I
CONTENT
Topic Page No:

Abstract I
List of Table IV
List of Figure V
List of Screenshots VI
1. INTRODUCTION: 1
1.1 Background Study 2
1.2 Action Plane 3
2. LITERATURE SURVEY: 4
2.1 Problem Statemen 4
3. SCOPE OF PROJECT:
3.1 Advantages 5
3.2 Features 5
4. METHODOLOGY: 6
4.1 Main module and sub modules 6
4.2 Planned resources 6
4.3.1 Project stage 6
4.3.2 Project Stage
4.4 Project Flow 7
4.5 What is html 7
4.6 What is CSS 7
4.7 What is Javascript7
5. DETAIL OF WORKING: 8
5.1 Team structure. 9
5.2 Development schedule and milestone 9
5.3 Development tools 10
6. DETAIL OF DESIGN AND CODING: 11

6.1 result
6.1.1 User interface using tikinter 11
6.1.2 Data visualization 11
6.1.3 Main page 12
6.1.4 Kharif season 12
6.1.5 Rabi season 13
6.1.6 Zaid season 13
6.1.7 Agriculture news 14
II
6.1.8 Read article 14
6.1.9 Write article 15
6.1.10 About Us 15
6.2 coding
6.2.1 Weather.py 16
6.2.2 Main.html 19
6.2.3 Main.css 20
6.2.4 Kharif.html 25
6.2.5 Rabi.html 39
6.2.6 Zaid.html 33
6.2.7 Display.php 35
6.2.8 WA.html 38
6.2.9 Database.php 39
7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:

7.1 Conclusion. 41
7.2 future scope. 41
8. REFERENCES: 42
III
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. TABLE NAME PAGE NO.

1.2 Action Plan 3
5.1 Team Structure 9
5.2.1 Development Tools 10
IV
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

4.3.1 Project Stage 6
4.3.2 Project flow 7
V
LIST OF SCREENSHOTS
SCREENSHOTS NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

6 User interface using Tikinter 11
7 Data visualization 11
8 Main page 12
9 Kharif season 12
10 Rabi season 13
11 Zaid season 13
12 Agriculture news 14
13 Read article 14
14 Write article 15
15 About Us 15
VI
CSMSS College Of Polytechnic, Aurangabad
Chapter 1: Introduction
The weather at place is always varying with time. Its variability is not only confined with time
scale but also variable with space. More often; we assume that it behaves as usual as, we
expect. Many a time we come across a situation where the unexpected changes in weather
parameters have been observed beyond our expectation. In that situation we try to find a way
to know this unexpected changes and how this had happened. Because in our daily life one
should know whether raincoat or umbrella is required or not? These are all everyday
questions we might only be able to answer with the help of a weather forecast. It is imperative
to know when the extreme weather events likely to happen i.e. heavy rainfall, heat and cold
waves, occurrence of frost or cloud, high wind and so on so forth either on qualitative or
quantitative basis. A farmer is also in need to know the prior information about the behavior
weather parameters for their day to day crop management. So first we need to know what is
weather forecasting.
Weather forecasting is the prediction of what the atmosphere will be like in a

particular place by using technology and scientific knowledge to make weather
observations. In other words, it's a way of predicting things like cloud cover, rain, snow,
wind speed and temperature before they happen (Cahir, 2013). Weather forecasters use all
kinds of tools to achieve this goal. We have instruments called barometers to measure air
pressure, radar to measure the location and speed of clouds, thermometers to measure
temperature and computer models to process data accumulated from these instruments.
However, to this day, humans with good experience can still do a better job at predicting
the weather than computer models alone because humans are often involved in picking
the most appropriate model for a situation (Craft, 2010). The main ways the weather can
be forecast include looking at current weather conditions, tracking the motion of air and
clouds in the sky, finding previous weather patterns that resemble current ones, examining
changes in air pressure and running computer models (Banerjee et al., 2003). The
environment in which crops are grown dictates their final yield. Of these environmental
factors, climate and weather, the uncontrollable factors have maximum influence on crop
productivity (Cahir, 2013).
Vagaries of weather subject the crops to International Journal of Current

Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 11 (2017) pp. 577-
590 Journal homepage:
1
http://www.ijcmas.com Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to

predict the state of the atmosphere for a given location and they are made by collecting
quantitative data. Soft computing is an innovative approach to construct computationally
intelligent systems that are supposed to possess humanlike expertise within a specific domain,
adapt themselves and learn to do better in changing environments, and explain how they
make decisions. Soft computing techniques are Fuzzy logic,
Neural Network, Evolutionary computing, Genetic Algorithm etc. In this paper description
about status, scope, types, role, significance, limitations, techniques and ITKs of weather
forecasting in India. Keywords Weather forecasting, Indigenous Technological Knowledge
(ITK). Accepted: 07 September
2017 Available Online: 10 November 2017 Article Info
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(11): 577-590 578 different ecological

situations from year to year leading to differential responses of crops to input use. This
situation limits use of costly inputs for realising optimum yield. Therefore, the primary
requirement for initiating agronomic measures against weather hazards is foreknowledge of
weather situation that is likely to develop in an area (Venkataraman, 2002). Significance of
weather forecasting Weather forecasting can help agricultural activities in the following
ways: Planning for necessary inputs during the season Timely land preparation to take
advantage of earliest rain for timely sowing. Selection of crops and cultivars. Efficient use of
fertilizers. Predicting pests and diseases incidence for timely action. Timing of weeds,
pests and disease control. Planning for mitigation adverse effects of weather hazards.
Adjustments in crop harvest timing to reduce the losses at harvest.
Background Study
For hospitals, a blood bank known as blood collection center, also is an area in which
collected blood bags are stored and preserved for future use in blood transfusion services.
Blood transfusion is a medical operation where a patient requires blood or blood products as a
life saving measure. In a report by Ministry of Health(MoH) in its website, it mentioned that
the total amount of blood donated annually in Muscat is approximately 25,084 units. MoH
further reported that its Department of Blood Services is functioning at full capacity to meet
the demands in the Sultanate.
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Most blood banks are still running manual system in its processes. As such, there is a lack of
efficiency because it is still paper-based in collecting information about donors, inventories of
blood bags, and blood transfusion services. The lack of proper documentation may endanger
patients’ health due to the possibility of having contaminate blood bags. Contamination
happened when there is an incomplete donors’ medical history record and the blood bags’
shelf life is not monitored properly. Hence, a web-based blood bank management system
might be needed to address these issues and problems encountered to ensure blood transfusion
safety.
Action plan:
Sr. No. Details Of Activity Planned Planned Name Of

Responsible
Start Date End Date
Team Members
1. Designing Of GUI Of The 08/02/2023 14/02/23 All Team Members
System
2. Creation Of Database 16/02/2023 21/02/23 All Team Members
3. Implementation 22/02/2023 27/02/23 All Team Members
4. Testing 01/03/2023 04/03/23 All Team Members
5. Project Report Writing 10/03/2023 16/03/23 All Team Members
6. Project Presentation 22/03/2023 27/03/23 All Team Members
7. Project Demo All Team Members
8. Defence As per notice All Team Members
1.2 Action plan
3
Chapter 2 : Literature Survey

Problems of weather forecasting : The problems of weather forecasting, as seen from the
standpoints of mechanics and physics. If, as every scientifically inclined individual
believes, atmospheric conditions develop according to natural laws from their precursors,
it follows that the necessary and sufficient conditions for a rational solution of the
problems of meteorological prediction are the following: The condition of the
atmosphere must be known at a specific time with sufficient accuracy. The laws
must be known, with sufficient accuracy, which determine the development of one
weather condition from another. Forecast requirements during different seasons To a
large extent, crop production in our country depends on rainfall vagaries. Long
range forecasts needed for kharif and rabi are: Kharif Onset and withdrawal of monsoon.
Breaks in monsoon rainfall, and Occurrence of heavy rainfall. Rabi Rainfall and cold
waves during winter. Onset of heat waves and strong winds in spring, and Hail
storms at commencement of summer. Organizations involved in weather forecasting
Several organizations all over the world measure weather elements and forecast
weather conditions. Accepted norms are developed for measuring, assigning values
and codes for different countries. India Meteorological Department was established
in 1975 with headquarters at Pune.
This has resulted in steady growth of observatories, besides agromet

observatories, synoptic weather stations also record data such as rainfall, temperature,
radiation, wind velocity, evaporation, etc. The National Commission on Agriculture
recommended establishment of Principal Agromet Observatories in each of the
Agricultural Universities. The regional centers also prepare forecast of weather
known as weather bulletins indicating the probable date to onset of monsoon, intensity,
duration, breaks in rainfall and other adverse weather phenomenon. The bulletins are
broadcasted in the regional languages through radio and television along with rural
programmer..
2.1 Problem Statement
Weather forecasting will help farmers to plan their many day to day decisions. But in case
some farmers can face difficulties in operating smartphones or in understanding other
languages than Marathi.
4
Chapter 3: Scope of the project
The main conceptual idea of the Weather Forecasting is based on a application that predicts
the weather. This prediction / Weather Forecast Will help farmers to know when to apply the
Pests And Chemicals to avoid the crop wastage.
Advantages :
• This useful for manage the data of Agriculture .
• Easy to Access data
• Easy to use and handle.
Features :
• Data Consistency.
• Easy to use and handle.
• Easily maintainable and accessable.
• Maintaining the Data of users.
• Removal of Data Redundancy .
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Chapter 4 : Methodology
Main module and sub modules:

• Weather Forecasting UI Window in Python
• Main Page in Html
• Seasonable Crops : Kharif , Zaid, Rabbi .
• News
• Article : Read And Write Page .
• About Us
Planned Resources :
• Compatible computer system

• Programming language- Python, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP
• Database-Mysql
• Server-xampp
Poject Stage:
Figure 4.3.1Project stages
6
Figure 4.3.2 Project Flow
What is HTML
• HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
• HTML is the standard markup language
• for creating Web pages .HTML describes the structure of a Web page
• HTML consists of a series of elements
• HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
• HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a heading", "this is a
paragraph" , "this is a link", etc.
What is CSS
• CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets

• CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on
• Screen, paper, or in other media
• CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once
• External stylesheets are stored in CSS files
4.5 What is JavaScript
JavaScript (often shortened to JS) is a lightweight, interpreted, object-oriented language with

first-class functions, and is best known as the scripting language for Web pages, but it's used
in many non-browser environments as well. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting
language that is dynamic, and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional
programming styles. JavaScript runs on the client side of
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the web, which can be used to design / program how the web pages behave on the occurrence
of an event. JavaScript is an easy to learn and also powerful scripting language, widely used
for controlling web page
behaviour. Contrary to popular misconception, JavaScript is not "Interpreted Java". In a

nutshell, JavaScript is a dynamic scripting language supporting prototype based object
construction.
The basic syntax is intentionally similar to both Java and C++ to reduce the number of
new concepts required to learn the language. Language constructs, such as if statements, for
and while loops, and switch and try ... catch blocks function the same as in these languages
(or nearly so). JavaScript can function as both a procedural and an object oriented language.
Objects are created programmatically in JavaScript, by attaching methods and properties to
otherwise empty objects at run time, as opposed to the syntactic class definitions common in
compiled languages like C++ and Java. Once an object has been constructed it can be used as
a blueprint (or prototype) for creating similar objects. JavaScript is a scripting or
programming language that allows you to implement complex features on web pages — every
time a web page does more than just sit there and display static information for you to look at
— displaying timely content updates, interactive maps, animated 2D/3D graphics, scrolling
video jukeboxes, etc. — you can bet that JavaScript is probably involved. It is the third layer
of the layer cake of standard web technologies, two of which (HTML and CSS) we have
covered in much more detail in other parts of the Learning Area.
8
Chapter 5: Details of working

Team structure:
Teamwork in the workplace is an important factor for project success. Teamwork is
important because it creates human energy. It amplifies the results of each member of
your team such that the overall result is greater than the individual contributions made
by each member.
Member Name Work Done
Main Project Module Designing And Coding. (Team Leading)
Lakade Swati Manohar
Project Report Writing And Database Designing
Project Report Writing And Testing
Project Interface Designing
Project Code Implementation
Fig. 5.1 Team structure
Above table shows the team structure of our team for developing this project. Different types
of work have been done by different team member.
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Development schedule and milestone:

Development of the project should have been done by predefined schedule. Because Success
of the project is depending upon the planning and scheduling of various work task.
Following tasks are performed by us to complete this project:

• Requirement Gathering
• Feasibility Study
• Planning
• Estimation
• Scheduling
• Requirement Analysis
• Design
• Database Design
• Coding
• Testing
• Report Writing
• Deployment and Submission
5.2.1 Development Tools:

We require software and hardware for developing the project. Coding and Designing of the
software is done by development tools. We used following Development tools for developing
the project.
Sr. No. Development Tool Specification
1. Computer System Processor Intel Core i5, RAM 8 GB, 1TB HDD
2. Operating System Windows 10
3. Microsoft word Microsoft Office 2019
4. Xampp Server (MySQL database) version 8.1.5
5. Visual Studio Version 8.1
Fig. 5.2.1 Development Tools

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Chapter 6. Detail of Design and Coding

6.1 Results:
6.1.1 User Interface Using Tkinter (Screenshot No. 1):
fig: User Interface Using Tkinter
6.1.2 Data Visualization (Screenshot No. 2):
6.1.2 Data Visualization

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6.1.3 Main Page (Screenshot No. 3):
fig: Main Page
6.1.4 Kharif Season (Screenshot No4.):
fig: Kharif Season
12
6.1.5 Rabi Season (Screenshot No. 5):
fig: Rabi Season
6.1.6 Zaid Season (Screenshot No. 6):
fig: Zaid Season

13
6.1.7 Agriculture News (Screenshot No. 7):
fig: Agriculture News
6.1.8 Read Article (Screenshot No. 8):
fig: Read Article
14
6.1.9 Write Article (Screenshot No. 9):
fig: Write Article
6.1.10 About Us (Screenshot No. 10):
fig: About Us
15
6.2 Coding :
6.2.1 Weather.py
from tkinter import

* import tkinter as tk
from webbrowser import open_new from
geopy.geocoders import Nominatim from
tkinter import ttk,messagebox from
timezonefinder import TimezoneFinder from
datetime import datetime import requests
import pytz root=Tk() root.title("Weather
Pridiction")
root.geometry("900x500+300+200")
root.resizable(False,False) try: def
getWeather(): city = textfield.get()
geolocator =
Nominatim(user_agent="geopiExercises")
location = geolocator.geocode(city) obj =
TimezoneFinder()
result =
obj.timezone_at(lng=location.longitude,lat=location.latitu
de) home = pytz.timezone(result) local_time =
datetime.now(home) current_time =
local_time.strftime("%I:%M %p")
clock.config(text=current_time)
name.config(text="CURRENT WEATHER")
#Weather
api = "https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q="+ city +
"&appid=b1db77a39afa8f485d87310ff059dbe
b" json_date = requests.get(api).json()
condition =
json_date['weather'][0]['main']
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description =
json_date['weather'][0]['description']
temp = int(json_date['main']['temp']-
273.15) pressure =
json_date['main']['pressure'] humidity
= json_date['main']['humidity'] wind
= json_date['wind']['speed']
t.config(text=(temp,"°"))
c.config(text=(condition,"|","FEELS","LIKE",temp,"°"))
w.config(text=(wind,"km/h"))
h.config(text=(humidity,"%"))
d.config(text=description)
p.config(text=(pressure,"H
g")) except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("Weather Pridiction","Invalid Entry!!")
#serach box
Search_image =
PhotoImage(file="search.png") myimage =
Label(image=Search_image)
myimage.place(x=20,y=20)
textfield =
tk.Entry(root,justify="center",width=17,font=("poppins",25,"bold"),bg="#404040",border=0
,fg="white") textfield.place(x=50,y=40) textfield.focus()
Search_icon = PhotoImage(file="search_icon.png")
myimage_icon =
Button(image=Search_icon,borderwidth=0,cursor="hand2",bg="#404040",command=
getWeather) myimage_icon.place(x=400,y=34)
#logo logo_image =
PhotoImage(file="logo.png")
logo =
Label(image=logo_image)
logo.place(x=150,y=100)
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#Bottom box
Frame_image = PhotoImage(file="box.png")
frame_myimage = Label(image=Frame_image)
frame_myimage.pack(padx=5,pady=5,side=BOT
TOM)
#Time name =
Label(root,font=("arial",15,
"bold"))
name.place(x=30,y=100) clock
=
Label(root,font=("Helvetica",2
0)) clock.place(x=30,y=130)
#label label1 =
Label(root,text="WIND",font=("Helvetica",15,'bold'),fg="white",bg="#1ab5ef" )
label1.place(x=120,y=400) label2 =
Label(root,text="HUMIDITY",font=("Helvetica",15,'bold'),fg="white",bg="#1ab5ef"
) label2.place(x=250,y=400) label3 =
Label(root,text="DESCRIPTION",font=("Helvetica",15,'bold'),fg="white",bg="#1ab5
ef" ) label3.place(x=430,y=400) label4 =
Label(root,text="PRESSURE",font=("Helvetica",15,'bold'),fg="white",bg="#1ab5ef" )
label4.place(x=650,y=400) t = Label(font=("arial",70,"bold"),fg="red")
t.place(x=400,y=150) c = Label(font=("arial",15,"bold")) c.place(x=400,y=250) w =
Label(text="...",font=("arial",20,"bold"),bg="#1ab5ef") w.place(x=120,y=430) h =
Label(text="...",font=("arial",20,"bold"),bg="#1ab5ef") h.place(x=280,y=430) d =
Label(text="...",font=("arial",20,"bold"),bg="#1ab5ef") d.place(x=450,y=430) p =
Label(text="...",font=("arial",20,"bold"),bg="#1ab5ef") p.place(x=670,y=430) # Lbl =
ttk.Label( text
= "Button Not Click ")
# Lbl.pack()# Click event
def click(): action.configure(open_new("http://127.0.0.1:5500/html/main.html"))
#http://127.0.0.1:5500/html/main.html
# Lbl.configure(foreground = 'red')
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# Lbl.configure(text = 'Button Clicked')# Adding

Button action = ttk.Button( text = "Learn
more...", command = click)
action.place(x=730,y=350) # action.pack()
root.mainloop()
6.2.2 main.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<meta http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible' content='IE=edge'>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Agro-Culture</title>
<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='screen' href='main.css'>
</head>
<body >
<h1 class="neon">Agro-Culture</h1>
<div class="stage">
<a href="Kharif.html"><button class="btn" id="btn1"> Kharif </button></a>
<a href="Rabi.html"><button class="btn" id="btn2"> Rabi </button></a>
<a href="Zaid.html"><button class="btn" id="btn3"> Zaid </button></a>
</div>
<div class="topnav">
<a class="active" >Home</a>
<a href="http://farmer.gov.in/">News</a>
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="dropbtn">Article
<i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i>
</button>
<div class="dropdown-content">
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<a href="http://localhost/Weather%20Forecasting/html/display.php">Read Article</a>

<a href="http://localhost/Weather%20Forecasting/html/WA.html">Write Article </a>
</div>
</div>
<a href="About.html"> About</a>
<a>
<div id="google_translate_element">
</div>
<script type="text/javascript"> function googleTranslateElementInit() {
new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en'},
'google_translate_element'); }
</script>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"><
/script>
</a>
</body>
</html>
6.2.3 Main.css
body {
margin: 0;
/* padding-top: 0ex; */
font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif; background-
image:url('bg1.jpg');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-attachment: fixed;
background-size: cover;
background-size: 100% 100%;
}
.topnav {
overflow:
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hidden;
backgroun
d-color:
#333;
position:
relative;
display:
inline;
}
.topnav a {
float: left;
color: #f2f2f2;
text-align: center;
padding: 14px
16px; text-
decoration: none;
font-size: 17px; }
.topnav a:hover {
background-color:
#ddd; color:
black;
}
.topnava.active {
background-color:
#04AA6D; color:
white; }
/*
width
*/ ::-
webkit-
scrollba
r{
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width:
10px;
}
/* Track */ ::-
webkit-
scrollbar-
track {
background:
#f1f1f1; }
/* Handle */ ::-webkit-
scrollbar-thumb {
background: #888;
}
/* Handle on hover
*/ ::-webkit-
scrollbar-
thumb:hover {
background: #555; }
.dropdown {
float:
left;
overflow:
hidden;
}
.dropdown
.dropbtn {
font-size: 16px;
border: none;
outline: none;
color: white;
padding: 14px
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16px;
background-
color: inherit;
font-family:
inherit;
margin: 0;
}
.navbar a:hover, .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {
background-color: red;
}
.dropdown-content { display:
none; position: absolute;
background-color: #f9f9f9; min-
width: 160px; box-shadow: 0px
8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); z-
index: 1;
}
.dropdo
wn-
content
a { float:
none;
color:
black;
padding:
12px 16px;
text-
decoration:
none;
display: block;
text-align: left;
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}
.dropdown-content a:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
.dropdown:hover .dropdown-
content { display: block;
}
/* heading */ .neon { text-align:
center; position: absolute; top: 30px;
left: 450px; font-size: 80px; color:
#d0f7ff; text-shadow: 0 0 5px
#4fcce2, 0 0 10px #A5F1FF,
0 0 20px #A5F1FF, 0 0 30px #A5F1FF,
0 0 40px #A5F1FF;
}
/*button */ .stage { box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;
width: 100vw; height: 100vh; overflow: hidden;
display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
}
#btn1 { width: 150px; font-size: 20px; height: 60px; border: none; outline:
none; background: #c38b8b; color: #fff; position: absolute; left: 565px; top:
280px; z-index: 0; border-radius: 10px;
} #btn2 { width: 150px; font-size: 20px; height: 60px; border: none; outline:
350px;
z-index: 0; border-radius: 10px; } #btn3 { width: 150px; font-size: 20px; height:
60px; border: none; outline: none; background: #c38b8b; color: #fff; position:
absolute; left: 565px; top: 420px; z-index: 0; border-radius: 10px;
} #btn4 { width: 150px; font-size: 20px; height: 60px; border: none; outline:
490p; z-index: 0; border-radius: 10px;
}
.btn::before { position: absolute; content: "";
width: calc(100% + 4px); height: calc(100% + 4px); left: -2px; top: -2px;
background: linear-gradient(
124deg,
#ff2400,
#e81d1d,
#e8b71d, #e3e81d,
#1de840,
24
#1ddde8,
#2b1de8,
#dd00f3,
#dd00f3
);
background-size: 400%; z-index: -1; filter: blur(5px); animation: move 20s linear
infinite; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out; border-radius: 10px;
}
.btn:hover::before { opacity: 1;
}
.btn::after { z-index: -1;

content: ""; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; background: #685268;
left: 0; top: 0; border-radius: 10px;
}
@keyframes move {
0% { background-position: 0 0;
}
50% { background-position: 400% 0;
}
100% { background-position: 0 0;
}
}
/* .nav { position: absolute; top: 80px; left: 150px;
} */
/* #google_translate_element
{ position: relative; height: 10px; width: 20px;
} */
6.2.4 Kharif.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><style> body{
background-image:
url('wave2.png');
background-repeat: no-
repeat; background-
size: cover;
} h1{ color:
rgb(200, 0, 255);
} .all-browsers {
margin: 0;
25
padding: 5px;
background-
color: lightgray;
}
.all-browsers >
h1, .browser {
margin: 10px;
padding: 5px; }
.browser {
background:whit
esmoke; font-
size: large; }
.browser > h2, p
{ margin: 4px;
font-size: 90%; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>KHARIF SEASON</h1>
<article class="all-browsers">
<article class="browser">
<p>
<h3>What is Kharif</h3>
Kharif crops, also known as monsoon crops or autumn crops, are domesticated plants that are
cultivated and harvested in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh during the Indian
subcontinent's monsoon season, which lasts from June to November depending on the area.
Monsoon rains may begin as early as May in some parts of the Indian subcontinent, and
crops are generally
harvested from the third week of September to October. Rice, maize, and cotton are some
of the major Kharif crops in India.
Unlike the Rabi crops, which are grown in the winter, the kharif crops require good
rainfall.
</p>
26
<p2>
The Kharif season varies by crop and region, starting at the earliest in May and ending
at the latest in January.
In India, the season is popularly considered to start in June and end in October. Kharif
crops are usually sown at the beginning of the first rains during the advent of the south-west
monsoon season, and they are harvested at the end of monsoon season (October-
November).
Monsoon sowing dates vary, occurring toward the end of May in the southern state of
Kerala and reaching July in some north Indian states.
In other regions like Maharashtra, the west coast of India, and Pakistan, which receive
rains in June, Kharif crops are sown in May, June and July.
In Bangladesh, Kharif crops are usually sown with the beginning of the first rains in June.
These crops are dependent on the quantity of rainwater as well as its timing. Too much,
too little, or rain at the wrong time may lay waste to the whole year's efforts.
Kharif crops stand in contrast to the rabi crops, which are cultivated during the dry season.
</p2>
</article>
</article>
<h2>Crops in Kharif</h2>
<ol>
<h2>CEREALS</h2>
<li>Jowar</li>
<li>Maize (corn)</li>
<li>Millet</li>
<li> Rice (paddy and deepwater rice)</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>FRUITS</h2>
<li>Almonds</li>
<li>Apples (corn)</li>
<li>Apricots</li>
<li>Bananas</li>
<li>Cantaloupe</li>
<li>Chikoo</li>
27
<li>Coconut</li>
<li>Dates</li>
<li>Figs</li>
<li>Guava</li>
<li>Jaman</li>
<li>Litchi</li>
<li>Luffa</li>
<li>Litchi</li>
<li>Mango</li>
<li>Muskmelon</li>
<li>Orange</li>
<li>Pomegrante</li>
<li>Plums</li>
<li>Pears</li>
<li>Phalsa</li>
<li>Papaya</li>
<li>Peaches</li>
<li>Sarda</li>
<li>Sugarcane</li>
<li>Walnut</li>
<li>Watermelon</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>SEED PLANTS</h2>
<li>Arhar (tur)</li>
<li>Black gram (urad)</li>
<li>Cotton</li>
<li>Cowpea (chavala)</li>
<li>Green gram (moong)</li>
<li>Groundnut</li><li>
Guar</li>
<li>Moth bean</li>
28
<li>Mung bean</li>
<li>Sesame (til)</li>
<li>Soybean</li>
<li>Urad bean</li>
<li>Red gram (Pegion pea)</li>
<li>Fennel (Saunf)</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>VEGETABLES</h2>
<li>Bitter gourd (karela)</li>
<li>Bottle gourd</li>
<li>Brinjal</li>
<li>Chili</li>
<li>Green bean</li>
<li>Ladies' fingers</li>
<li>Sponge gourd</li>
<li> Tinda</li><li>Tomato</li>
<li> Turmeric</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
6.2.5 Rabi.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><style> body{
background-image:
url('wave2.png');
repeat; background-
size: cover;
29
} h1{ color:
rgb(157, 255, 0);
} .all-browsers {
margin: 0;
padding: 5px;
background-
color: lightgray;
}
.all-browsers >
h1, .browser {
margin: 10px;
padding: 5px; }
.browser {
background:whit
esmoke; font-
size: large; }
.browser > h2, p {
margin:
4px; font-
size: 90%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>RABI SEASON</h1>
<p>
<h3>What is Rabi</h3>
Rabi crops or rabi harvest, also known as winter crops, are agricultural crops that are
sown in winter and harvested in the spring in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.
The complimentary of the rabi crop is the kharif crop, which is grown after the rabi and
zaid (zaa-id) crops are harvested one after another respectively.
30
The rabi crops are sown around mid-November, preferably after the monsoon rains are
over, and harvesting begins in April / May.
The crops are grown either with rainwater that has percolated into the ground or using
irrigation. Good rain in winter spoils the rabi crops but is good for kharif crops.
The major rabi crop in India is wheat, followed by barley, mustard, sesame and peas.
Peas are harvested early, as they are ready early: Indian markets are flooded with green
peas from January to March, peaking in February.
Many crops are cultivated in both kharif and rabi seasons. The agriculture crops produced
in India are seasonal in nature and highly dependent on these two monsoons.
</p>
</article>
</article>
<h2>Crops in Kharif</h2>
<ol>
<h2>CEREALS</h2>
<li>barley</li>
<li>gram (corn)</li>
<li>rapeseed</li>
<li> mustard</li>
<li> oat (Avena sativa)</li>
<li> Wheat</li>
<li> Linseed</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>FRUITS</h2>
<li>barley</li>
<li>gram (corn)</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>LEGUMES / LENTILS (DAL)</h2>
<li>bchickpea</li>
<li>kulthi</li>
<li>lobias[4]</li>
31
<li>masoor</li>
<li>mung bean</li>
<li>pigeon pea</li>
<li>toria</li>
<li>Urad bean</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>SEED PLANTS</h2>
<li>alfalfa (also known as lucerne, Medicago sativa)</li>
<li>coriander (Coriandrum sativum)</li>
<li>cumin (Cuminum cyminum)</li>
<li>fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum)</li>
<li>linseed</li>
<li>mustard (Brassica juncea)</li>
<li>isabgol (Plantago ovata)</li>
<li>sunflower</li>
<li>Bengal gram</li>
<li>red gram (black pepper)</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<h2>VEGETABLES</h2>
<li>bean</li>
<li>beetroot (chukunder)</li>
<li>brinjal (baingan)</li>
<li>broccoli (hari gobhi)</li>
<li>cabbage (patta gobhi)</li>
<li>capsicum</li>
<li>carrot (gajar)</li>
<li>cauliflowers (gobhi)</li>
<li>chickpea (also known as gram, Cicer arientinum) (channa)</li>
<li>fenugreek (methi)</li>
<li>garlic (lehsun)</li>
32
<li>lady finger (bhendi)</li>

<li>lettuce (salad gobhi)</li>
<li>pea (mattar)</li>
<li>onion (Allium cepa) (pyaj)</li>
<li>potato (Solanum tuberosum) (urulai kizhangu) (aloo)</li>
<li>radish (mooli)</li>
<li>spinach (palak)</li>
<li>sweet potato (shakarkand)</li>
<li>tomato (Solanum lycopersiucum) (tamatar) (thakkali)</li>
<li>turnip (shalgum)</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
6.2.6 Zaid.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body{ background-
image: url('wave2.png');
repeat; background-
size: cover;
} h1{ color:
rgb(0, 238, 255);
} .all-browsers {
margin: 0;
padding: 5px;
background-
color: lightgray;
}
33
.all-browsers >
h1, .browser {
margin: 10px;
padding: 5px; }
.browser {
background:whit
esmoke; font-
size: large; }
.browser > h2, p
{ margin: 4px;
font-size: 90%; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>ZAID SEASON</h1>
<p>
<h3>What is Zaid</h3>
Zaid crops are summer season crops. They grow for a short time period between kharif and
rabi crops, mainly from March to June.
These crops are mainly grown in the summer season during a period called the zaid crop
season. They require warm dry weather as major growth period and longer day length for
flowering.
Some summer months and rainy season is required. These crops also mature early.
In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer
months known as the zaid season.
Some of the crops produced during zaid season are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber,
vegetables and fodder crops. Sugarcane takes almost a year to grow.
</p>
</article>
</article>
<h2>Crops in Zaid</h2>
<ol>
34
<li>Watermelon</li>
<li>Muskmelon</li>
<li>Cucumber</li>
<li> Bitter gourd</li>
<li>Fodder</li>
<li>Pumpkin</li>
<li>Guar (Cluster Beans)</li>
<li>strawberry</li>
<li>Arhar (Pigeon pea)</li>
<li>Masur (Lentil)</li>
<li>Sugarcane</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
6.2.7 Display.php
<html>
<head>
<title>Read Article</title>
<style>
body{ background-
image: url('RA1.jpg');
}
::-webkit-
scrollbar {
width: 10px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
background: #f1f1f1;
}
35
/* Handle */ ::-webkit-
scrollbar-thumb {
background: #888;
}
/* Handle on hover */ ::-webkit-

scrollbar-thumb:hover {
background: #555; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<a>
<div id="google_translate_element"></div>
<script
type="text/javascript">
function
googleTranslateElementIni
t() { new
google.translate.TranslateE
lement({pageLanguage:
'en'},
'google_translate_element')
;}
</script>
<script
type="text/javasc
ript"
/script></a>
36
</div>
<table border="5" id="myTable">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Review</th>
<?php
include("database2.p
hp");
error_reporting(0);
$query = "SELECT * FROM write1";
$data = mysqli_query($conn,$query);
$total = mysqli_num_rows($data);
if($total!=0)
{ while($result =
mysqli_fetch_assoc($data))
{ echo "
<tr>
<td>".$result['Name']."</td>
<td>".$result['Email']."</td>
<td>".$result['Title']."</td>
<td>".$result['Review']."</td>
";
} } else {
echo "No
record found";
}
?>
</table>
</body>
37
</html>
6.2.8 WA.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">

<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Write Article</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="WA.css">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
<form action="database2.php" method="post">

<a>
<div id="google_translate_element"></div>
<script type="text/javascript"> function googleTranslateElementInit() {

new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en'},
'google_translate_element');
}
</script>
<script
type="text/javascri
pt"
/script></a>
</div>
</script>
<div class="wrapper">
38
<h2>Write Article</h2>
Enter Name:<br>
<input type="text" name="name" required><br>
Enter Email:<br>
<input type="text" name="email" required><br>
Title:<br>
<input type="text" name="title" required><br>
Review:<br>
<textarea spellcheck="false" placeholder="Type something here..." name="review"
required></textarea>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" name="save">
</div
><scr
ipt>
const textarea =
document.querySelector("textarea");
textarea.addEventListener("keyup", e =>{
textarea.style.height = "63px"; let
scHeight = e.target.scrollHeight;
textarea.style.height = `${scHeight}px`;
});
</script>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6.2.9 database.php
<?php
//error_reporting(0);
$server_name="localhost";
$username="root";
$password="";
39
$database_name="wa1";
$conn=mysqli_connect($server_name,$username,$password,$database_name);
//now check the connection
if(!$conn)
{ die("Connection Failed:" . mysqli_connect_error()) ;}
if(isset($_POST['save'])){
$Name = $_POST['name'];
$Email = $_POST['email'];
$Title = $_POST['title'];
$Review = $_POST['review'];
$sql_query = "INSERT INTO write_article VALUES
('$Name','$Email','$Title','$Review')"; if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql_query))
{
echo "New Details Entry inserted successfully !";
} else
{echo "Error:" .$sql_query. "" .mysqli_error($conn);
}
mysqli_close($conn);
}
?>
40
Chapter 7: Conclusions and Future Scope

7.1 Conclusion:
Weather forecasts are increasingly accurate and useful, and their benefits extend widely
across the economy. While much has been accomplished in improving weather forecasts,
there remains much room for improvement.
Now a days as technology is evolving from manually working to online working I. Every
field So it has become easy to share our knowledge with each other. This project will help
the employee at agrocenter to work efficiently and will also full-fill the need of farmers at
some extent with this we conclude our project .
7.2 Future Scope:

This system is not only for the business purpose but also for social services. So the
scopes
Can be:
1. This App can be used for maintaining all the process and activities of Farming.
2. It will reduce the weather related losses of farming/crop.
3. This can help fresh employ at agro-center.
4. This project will help the employee at agro-center to work efficiently and will also
fullfil the need of farmers at some extent with this we conclude our project.
5. In the development of this App, there shall be the space for the future modification.
41
Chapter 8: References
1. https://agro-center.de/en/home/
2. https://www.dtn.com/the-role-of-weather-and-weather-forecasting-in-agriculture/
3. https://tractorguru.in/tractor-blog/importance-of-weather-forecasting-in-modern-
agriculture-andfarming
4. https://geopy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
42

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A

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-23

“WEATHER FORECASTING FOR FARMING”

FOR THE DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING

LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR

COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Project Guide Head of Department Principal

It gives us a great pleasure to submit this project report on “WEATHER FORECASTING

1. LAKADE SWATI MANOHAR

Topic Page No:

6. DETAIL OF DESIGN AND CODING: 11

7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:

TABLE NO. TABLE NAME PAGE NO.

FIGURE NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

SCREENSHOTS NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

Weather forecasting is the prediction of what the atmosphere will be like in a

Vagaries of weather subject the crops to International Journal of Current

http://www.ijcmas.com Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(11): 577-590 578 different ecological

Sr. No. Details Of Activity Planned Planned Name Of

2. Creation Of Database 16/02/2023 21/02/23 All Team Members

3. Implementation 22/02/2023 27/02/23 All Team Members

4. Testing 01/03/2023 04/03/23 All Team Members

5. Project Report Writing 10/03/2023 16/03/23 All Team Members

6. Project Presentation 22/03/2023 27/03/23 All Team Members

7. Project Demo All Team Members

8. Defence As per notice All Team Members

1.2 Action plan

Chapter 2 : Literature Survey

This has resulted in steady growth of observatories, besides agromet

2.1 Problem Statement

Chapter 3: Scope of the project

Main module and sub modules:

• Main Page in Html

• Seasonable Crops : Kharif , Zaid, Rabbi .

• Article : Read And Write Page .

• Compatible computer system

Figure 4.3.1Project stages

Figure 4.3.2 Project Flow

• CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets

4.5 What is JavaScript

JavaScript (often shortened to JS) is a lightweight, interpreted, object-oriented language with

behaviour. Contrary to popular misconception, JavaScript is not "Interpreted Java". In a

Chapter 5: Details of working

Member Name Work Done

Main Project Module Designing And Coding. (Team Leading)

Lakade Swati Manohar

Project Report Writing And Database Designing

Lakade Swati Manohar

Project Report Writing And Testing

Lakade Swati Manohar

Project Interface Designing

Lakade Swati Manohar

Project Code Implementation

Lakade Swati Manohar

Fig. 5.1 Team structure

Development schedule and milestone:

Following tasks are performed by us to complete this project: