Measuring Shareholders Value Creation

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Measuring Shareholders Value

Creation
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This article throws light upon the top two measures used
for measuring shareholders value creation. The
measures are: 1. Economic Value Added (Eva) 2. Market
Value Added (MVA).
Shareholders Value Creation: Measure # 1. Economic Value Added
(Eva):

Economic value added is a measure of performance evaluation


that was originally employed by Stern Stewart & Co. It is very
popular measure today which is used to measure the surplus
value created by an investment or a portfolio of investments. EVA
has been considered as a better measure of divisional
performance as compared to the Return on Assets ROA or ROI.

It is also being used to determine whether and investment


positively contributes to the shareholders wealth. The economic
value added of an investment is simply equal to the after tax
operating profits generated by the investment minus the cost of
funds used to finance the investment.

EVA can be calculated as below:

According to this approach, an investment can be accepted only if


the surplus (EVA) is positive. It is only the positive EVA that will
add value and enhance the shareholders wealth. However, to
calculate the economic value added we need to estimate the net
operating profit after tax and cost of funds invested.

Suppose an investment generates net operating profit after tax of


Rs. 20 lakhs and the cost of financing investment is Rs. 16 lakhs.
The economic value added by the investment shall be? 4 lakh and
it should be accepted.

Shareholders Value Creation: Measure # 2. Market Value


Added (MVA):

The market valued added (MVA) is the sum total of all the
present values of future EVAs.

The market value added (MVA) can also be defined as the


difference between the current market value of the firm and the
book value of capital employed by the firm. The market value of
the firm is simply the sum of market value of its equity and debt.
In case, the market value of a firm exceeds the book value of
capital employed, it is said to have a positive MVA.

In the same manner, if the value of capital employed exceeds the


market value of the firm, it is said to have a negative MVA.

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