This document discusses ethics at length, covering its key branches and concepts. It defines ethics as aiming to resolve questions about right and wrong ideas. The four main branches of ethics are described as descriptive ethics, normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. Normative ethics is concerned with norms of behavior and determining if acts are right or wrong, while meta-ethics studies the origins of ethical ideas without making judgments. Applied ethics examines specific topics through a moral lens. The document also discusses moral philosophy, moral standards versus non-moral standards, and different types of moral dilemmas people may face.
This document discusses ethics at length, covering its key branches and concepts. It defines ethics as aiming to resolve questions about right and wrong ideas. The four main branches of ethics are described as descriptive ethics, normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. Normative ethics is concerned with norms of behavior and determining if acts are right or wrong, while meta-ethics studies the origins of ethical ideas without making judgments. Applied ethics examines specific topics through a moral lens. The document also discusses moral philosophy, moral standards versus non-moral standards, and different types of moral dilemmas people may face.
This document discusses ethics at length, covering its key branches and concepts. It defines ethics as aiming to resolve questions about right and wrong ideas. The four main branches of ethics are described as descriptive ethics, normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. Normative ethics is concerned with norms of behavior and determining if acts are right or wrong, while meta-ethics studies the origins of ethical ideas without making judgments. Applied ethics examines specific topics through a moral lens. The document also discusses moral philosophy, moral standards versus non-moral standards, and different types of moral dilemmas people may face.
This document discusses ethics at length, covering its key branches and concepts. It defines ethics as aiming to resolve questions about right and wrong ideas. The four main branches of ethics are described as descriptive ethics, normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. Normative ethics is concerned with norms of behavior and determining if acts are right or wrong, while meta-ethics studies the origins of ethical ideas without making judgments. Applied ethics examines specific topics through a moral lens. The document also discusses moral philosophy, moral standards versus non-moral standards, and different types of moral dilemmas people may face.
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Ethics:
In general, ethics is a philosophy that aims to resolve questions about right
and wrong ideas. Moral philosophy is sometimes referred to as such, and it can be classified into four subject fields, which are as follows: Descriptive Ethics, Normative Ethics, Meta-Ethics, Applied Ethics. scope of ethics 4M's Man and fellow man: are concerned with the "oughts" or "should's" of human life to others. Man and his society: It explores how a man can react to his environment. culture, as well as vice versa Man and other Sentient Being: Ethics are also concerned with the relationship between humanity and other living creatures. Man and his natural environment: It is concerned about how man interacts with his natural world. It seeks to provide a fair basis for environmental conservation in light of the need to safeguard prospective community residents' rights. four branches of ethics Descriptive Ethics: plays of what people think (or are made to believe) to be true or wrong, therefore holding up individual acts that are acceptable or not acceptable or punishable by a custom or law. Plato 4 cardinals virtue Prudence: The ability to determine the best course of action to take in a given situation at the right time. Justice: righteousness fortitude: courage and ability to confront fear. Temperance: having self-control and restrain, the essential virtue.
Normative Ethics: is concerned with "norms," or a collection of considerations about
how one can behave. It is a study in "ethical action" that determines if the acts are right or wrong. It is also known as prescriptive ethics, and it is based on values that decide whether an action is right or wrong. Virtue ethics: focuses on one's character and virtues in order to determine or evaluate ethical actions. Deontological ethics: The rightness and wrongness of conduct, rather than the consequences of such actions, are the subject of duty ethics. Consequentialism (Teleology): states that an action's morality is dependent on the result of the actions. As a result, the legally correct action will produce a positive outcome, while morally wrong action produces a negative outcome Consequentialism (Teleology) Utilitarianism: Right action leads to the most significant number of people being happy. Hedonism: Anything that maximizes satisfaction is acceptable. Egoism: Anything that maximizes self-benefit is beneficial. Correct, selfish. Asceticism: Correct action is keeping away from egoistic pleasures in order to attain spiritual goals. Altruism: It is right to live for others while neglecting one's own needs.selfless Meta-Ethics: The term "analytical ethics" refers to the study of the origins of ethical ideas. It makes no distinction between whether an action is positive or evil, right or wrong. Applied Ethics: Applied ethics is concerned with the philosophical study, from a moral perspective, of specific topics in private and public life that include moral judgment. Six key domains of applied ethics Decision ethics: ethical decision-making process Professional ethics: for exemplary professionalism Clinical Ethics: good clinical practices Business Ethics: good business practices Organizational ethics: ethics within and among organizations Social ethics: It deals with the rightness or wrongness of social, economic, cultural, religious issues also. MORALITY: MAY REFER TO THE STANDARDS AN INDIVIDUAL OR A GROUP HAS Of WHAT IS RIGHT, WRONG, OR GOOD, and EVIL. MORAL Principles ARE THOSE Dealing WITH OR Related TO HUMAN Conduct, Especially THE Difference BETWEEN GOOD AND Evil (OR RIGHT AND WRONG) BEHAVIOR. MORAL STANDARDS: INVOLVE PEOPLE'S Laws On THE Kinds OF Acts THEY Think ARE MORALLY RIGHT AND WRONG, AS WELL AS THE Principles THEY Place ON THE TYPES OF Items THEY BELIEVE ARE MORALLY Positive AND MORALLY Evil. NON-MORAL STANDARDS: REFER TO RULES THAT HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH MORAL OR ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS. EITHER THESE STANDARDS ARE NOT NECESSARILY RELATED TO MORALITY, OR THEY LACK ETHICAL SENSE BY Themselves. WHAT ARE MORAL DILEMMA: A DILEMMA IS A SITUATION IN WHICH A PERSON IS FORCED TO CHOOSE BETWEEN TWO OR MORE CONFLICTING OPTIONS, NONE OF WHICH ARE ACCEPTABLE. AS WE CAN SEE, THE KEY IS THAT THE PERSON HAS CHOICES TO MAKE, ALL OF WHICH WILL RESULT IN RESULTS SHE DOES NOT Like. TYPES OF MORAL DILEMMA EPISTEMIC MORAL DILEMMAS: INVOLVES SITUATIONS IN WHICH TWO OR MORE MORAL Conditions CONFLICT WITH EACH OTHER AND THE MORAL AGENT IS Uncertain WHICH OF THE CONFLICTING MORAL Conditions TAKES Priority OVER THE OTHER. IN OTHER WORDS, THE MORAL AGENT IN THIS Situation DOES NOT KNOW WHICH Choice IS RIGHT OR WRONG FROM A MORAL POINT OF VIEW. ONTOLOGICAL MORAL DILEMMAS: INVOLVES SITUATIONS IN WHICH TWO OR MORE MORAL Conditions ARE IN CONFLICT WITH EACH OTHER NEITHER OF THE CONFLICTING MORAL Conditions Outweighs The Latter. SELF-IMPOSED MORAL DILEMMA IS CAUSE BY THE MORAL AGENT'S WRONG DOINGS. WORLD IMPOSED MORAL DILEMMA: MEANS THAT CERTAIN EVENTS IN THE WORLD PLACE THE AGENTS IN A SITUATION OF MORAL CONFLICT. OBLIGATION DILEMMAS: ARE SITUATIONS IN WHICH MORE THAN ONE FEASIBLE ACTION IS OBLIGATORY. PROHIBITION DILEMMAS – INVOLVE CASES IN WHICH ALL FEASIBLE ACTIONS ARE FORBIDDEN.
