AISC_Part 8A_14th Ed._Nov.

20, 2012 14-11-10 11:10 AM Page 34 (Black plate)

8–34 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2
Prequalified Welded Joints
Symbols for Joint Types
B butt joint BC butt or corner joint
C corner joint TC T- or corner joint
T T-joint BTC butt, T- or corner joint
Symbols for Base Metal Thickness and Penetration
L limited thickness, complete-joint-penetration
U unlimited thickness, complete-joint-penetration
P partial-joint-penetration
Symbols for Weld Types
1 square-groove 6 single-U-groove
2 single-V-groove 7 double-U-groove
3 double-V-groove 8 single-J-groove
4 single-bevel-groove 9 double-J-groove
5 double-bevel-groove 10 flare-bevel-groove
Symbols for Welding Processes if not Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW):
S submerged arc welding (SAW)
G gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
F flux cored arc welding (FCAW)
Symbols for Welding Positions
F flat
H horizontal
V vertical
OH overhead
Symbols for Joint Designation
The lower case letters (e.g., a, b, c, d, etc.) are used to differentiate between joints that would otherwise have the same joint
designation.
Symbols for Dimensions
R Root opening
α, β Groove angles
f Root face
r J- or U-groove radius
S, S1, S2 PJP groove weld depth of groove
E, E1, E2 PJP groove weld sizes corresponding to S, S1, S2, respectively
Notes to Prequalified Welded Joints
1 Not prequalified for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) using short circuiting transfer nor GTAW. Refer to AWS D1.1 Annex A.
2 Joint is welded from one side only.
3 Cyclic load application limits these joints to the horizontal welding position. Refer to AWS D1.1 Section 2.18.2.
4 Backgouge root to sound metal before welding second side.
5 SMAW joints may be used for prequalified GMAW (except GMAW-S) and FCAW.
6 Minimum effective throat thickness (E) as shown in AISC Specification Table J2.3; S as specified on drawings.
7 If fillet welds are used in buildings to reinforce groove welds in corner and T-joints, they shall be equal to 1/4 T1, but
need not exceed 3/8 in. Groove welds in corner and T-joints of cyclically loaded structures shall be reinforced with fillet
welds equal to 1/4 T1, but need not exceed 3/8 in.
8 Double-groove welds may have grooves of unequal depth, but the depth of the shallower groove shall be no less than
one-fourth of the thickness of the thinner part joined.
9 Double-groove welds may have grooves of unequal depth, provided these conform to the limitations of Note 6. Also, the
effective throat thickness (E) applies individually to each groove.
10 The orientation of the two members in the joints may vary from 135° to 180° for butt joints, or 45° to 135° for corner
joints, or 45° to 90° for T-joints.
11 For corner joints, the outside groove preparation may be in either or both members, provided the basic groove
configuration is not changed and adequate edge distance is maintained to support the welding operations without
excessive edge melting.
12 Effective throat thickness (E) is based on joints welded flush.

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DESIGN TABLES 8–35

Table 8-2 (continued)

Prequalified Welded Joints

Dimensions of fillet welds must be shown on both the arrow side and the other side.

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8–36 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) FILLET

Prequalified Welded Joints
Fillet Welds

Notes:
1. (En), (E’n) = Effective throat thickness dependant on magnitude of root opening (Rn). Refer to AWS D1.1 Section 5.22.1.
Subscript n represents 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
2. t = thickness of thinner part.
3. Not prequalified for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) using short circuit transfer nor GTAW. Refer to AWS D1.1 Annex A for GMAW-S.
4. Figure D. Apply Z loss dimension of AWS D1.1 Table 2.2 to determine effective throat thickness.
5. Figure D. Not prequlaified for angles under 30°. For welder qualifications see AWS D1.1 Table 4.8.
6. Angles under 60° are permissible, however, if the weld is considered to be a partial-joint-penetration groove weld.

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DESIGN TABLES 8–37

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Square-groove weld (1)
Butt joint (B)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Tolerances
Root Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Opening Positions for FCAW
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
B-L1a 1/4 max — R = T1 +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16 All — 5, 10
SMAW
C-L1a 1/4 max R = T1 +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16 All — 5, 10
U
FCAW 3/8
B-L1a-GF max — R = T1 +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16 All Not Required 1, 10
GMAW

Square-groove weld (1)

Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Tolerances
Root Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Opening Positions for FCAW
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)

1/4 T
SMAW B-L1b max — R = ᎏ1 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All — 4, 5, 10
2

GMAW 3/8
Not
B-L1b-GF max — R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All 1, 4, 10
FCAW Required
SAW B-L1-S 3/8 max — R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0 F — 10
SAW B-L1a-S 5/8 max — R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0 F — 4, 10

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–38 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Square-groove weld (1)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Tolerances
Root Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Opening Positions for FCAW
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)

T
SMAW TC-L1b 1/4 max U R = ᎏ1 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All — 4, 5, 7
2

GMAW 3/8
Not
TC-L1-GF max U R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All 1, 4, 7
FCAW Required
SAW TC-L1-S 3/8 max U R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0 F — 4, 7

Single-V-groove weld (2) Tolerances

Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Base Metal Thickness Allowed Gas

Welding Joint Groove Preparation
(U = unlimited) Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Opening Groove Angle Positions for FCAW

R = 1/4 α = 45° All — 5, 10

SMAW B-U2a U — R = 3/8 α = 30° F, V, OH — 5, 10
–
R = 1/2 α = 20° F, V, OH — 5, 10
R = 3/16 α = 30° F, V, OH Required 1, 10
GMAW
B-U2a-GF U — R = 3/8 α = 30° F, V, OH Not req. 1, 10
FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° F, V, OH Not req. 1, 10
SAW B-L2a-S 2 max — R = 1/4 α = 30° F — 10
SAW B-U2-S U — R = 5/8 α = 20° F — 10

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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DESIGN TABLES 8–39

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-V-groove weld (2) Tolerances
Corner joint (C) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Base Metal Thickness Allowed Gas

Welding Joint Groove Preparation
(U = unlimited) Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Opening Groove Angle Positions for FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° All — 5, 10
SMAW C-U2a U U R= 3/8 α = 30° F, V, OH — 5, 10
–
R = 1/2 α = 20° F, V, OH — 5, 10
R = 3/16 α = 30° F, V, OH Required 1
GMAW
C-U2a-GF U U R = 3/8 α = 30° F, V, OH Not req. 1, 10
FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° F, V, OH Not req. 1, 10
SAW C-L2a-S 2 max U R= 1/4 α = 30° F — 10
SAW C-U2-S U U R = 5/8 α = 20° F — 10

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–40 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-V-groove weld (2)
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Tolerances
Root Allowed Gas
Welding Joint
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
Groove Angle

R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8

SMAW B-U2 U — f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited All — 4, 5, 10
α = 60° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5°

R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8

GMAW Not
B-U2-GF U — f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited All 1, 4, 10
FCAW Required
α = 60° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5°

R=0
Over 1/2 to 1 — f = 1/4 max
α = 60°
R = ±0 +1/16, –0
R=0
f = +0, –f ± 1/16
SAW B-L2c-S Over 1 to 11/2 — f = 1/2 max F — 4, 10
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
α = 60°

R=0
Over 11/2 to 2 — f = 5/8 max
α = 60°

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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DESIGN TABLES 8–41

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-V-groove weld (2)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Root Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Tolerances
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
4, 5, 7,
SMAW C-U2 U U f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited All —
10
α = 60° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
GMAW Not 1, 4, 7,
C-U2-GF U U f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited All
FCAW Required 10
α = 60° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R = 0 to 1/8 ±0 +1/16, –0
SAW C-U2b-S U U f = 1/4 max +0, –1/4 ±1/16 F — 4, 7, 10
α = 60° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Double-V-groove weld (3) Tolerances

Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = ±0 +1/4, –0
f = ±0 +1/16, –0
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
SAW ±0 +1/16, –0
Spacer
SMAW ±0 1/8, –0

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle

U R = 1/4 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° All —

4, 5, 8,
SMAW B-U3a Spacer = — R= 3/8 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° F, V, OH —
1/8 × R 10
R = 1/2 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° F, V, OH —
U
SAW B-U3a-S Spacer = — R = 5/8 f = 0 to 1/4 α = 20° F — 4, 8, 10
1/4 × R

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–42 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-V-groove weld (3) For B-U3c-S only
Butt joint (B) T1 S1
Over to
2 21/2 13/8
21/2 3 13/4
3 35/8 21/8
35/8 4 23/8
4 43/4 23/4
43/4 51/2 31/4
51/2 61/4 33/4
For T1 > 61/4 or T1≤ 2
S1 = 2/3 (T1– 1/4)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Tolerances
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Opening As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)

SMAW B-U3b R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All — 4, 5, 8, 10

U — f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not limited
GMAW B-U3-GF α = β = 60° +10°, –0° +10°, –5° All Not required 1, 4, 8, 10
FCAW
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –0
f = 1/4 min +1/4, –0 +1/4, –0
SAW B-U3c-S U — F — 4, 8, 10
α = β = 60° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
To find S1 see table above: S2 = T1 – (S1+f)

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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DESIGN TABLES 8–43

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-bevel-groove weld (4) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Base Metal Thickness Allowed Gas

Welding Joint Groove Preparation
(U = unlimited) Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Opening Groove Angle Positions for FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° All — 3, 5, 10
SMAW B-U4a U —
R= 3/8 α = 30° All — 3, 5, 10
R = 3/16 α = 30° All Required 1, 3, 10
GMAW
B-U4a-GF U — R = 1/4 α = 45° All Not req. 1, 3, 10
FCAW
R = 3/8 α = 30° F, H Not req. 1, 3, 10
R = 3/8 α = 30°
SAW B-U4a-S U U F — 3, 10
R = 1/4 α = 45°

Single-bevel-groove weld (4) Tolerances

T-joint (T) As Detailed As Fit-Up
Corner joint (C) (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/4, –1/16
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Base Metal Thickness Allowed Gas

Welding Joint Groove Preparation
(U = unlimited) Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Opening Groove Angle Positions for FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° All — 5, 7, 10, 11
SMAW TC-U4a U U
R= 3/8 α = 30° F, V, OH — 5, 7, 10, 11
–
R = 3/16 α = 30° All Required 1, 7, 10, 11
GMAW
TC-U4a-GF U U R = 3/8 α = 30° F Not req. 1, 7, 10, 11
FCAW
R = 1/4 α = 45° All Not req. 1, 7, 10, 11
R = 3/8 α = 30°
SAW TC-U4a-S U U F — 7, 10, 11
R = 1/4 α = 45°

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–44 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-bevel-groove weld (4)
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)

SMAW B-U4b U — R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 All — 3, 4, 5, 10

f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited
GMAW
FCAW
B-U4b-GF U — α = 45° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5° All Not Required 1, 3, 4, 10

R=0 ±0 +1/4, –0
SAW B-U4b-S U U f = 1/4 max +0, –1/8 ±1/16 F — 3, 4, 10
α = 60° + 10°, –0° 10°, –5°

Single-bevel-groove weld (4)

T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 4, 5, 7,
SMAW TC-U4b U U All —
10, 11
f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not Limited
GMAW 1, 4, 7,
FCAW
TC-U4b-GF U U α = 45° + 10°, –0° +10°, –5° All Not Required
10, 11
R=0 ±0 +1/4, –0
4, 7, 10,
SAW TC-U4b-S U U f = 1/4 max +0, –1/8 ±1/16 F —
11
α = 60° + 10°, –0° 10°, –5°

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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DESIGN TABLES 8–45

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-bevel-groove weld (5) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
T-joint (T) (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
Corner joint (C) R = ±0 +1/4, –0
f = +1/16, –0 ± 1/16
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
Spacer +1/16, –0 +1/8, –0

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle
U
3, 4, 5,
B-U5b Spacer = U R = 1/4 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° All —
1/8×R
8, 10
SMAW
4, 5, 7, 8,
U R = 1/4 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° All —
10, 11
TC-U5a Spacer = U
4, 5, 7, 8,
1/4×R R = 3/8 f = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° F, OH —
10, 11

Double-bevel-groove weld
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not limited 3, 4, 5, 8,
SMAW B-U5a U — All —
α = 45° +10° +10° 10
α+β α+β
β = 0° to 15° 0° –5°
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not limited
GMAW Not 1, 3, 4, 8,
B-U5-GF U — All
FCAW α = 45° α+β= α+β= Required 10
β = 0° to 15° + 10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–46 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-bevel-groove weld (5)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Gas
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions for FCAW
Groove Angle (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8 4, 5, 7, 8,
SMAW TC-U5b U U All —
10, 11
f = 0 to 1/8 +1/16, –0 Not limited
GMAW Not 1, 4, 7, 8,
TC-U5-GF U U α = 45° +10°, –0 +10°, –5° All
FCAW Required 10, 11
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
4, 7, 8,
SAW TC-U5-S U U f= 1/4 max +0, –3/16 ±1/16 F —
10, 11
α = 60° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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DESIGN TABLES 8–47

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-U-groove weld (6) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
Corner joint (C) (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = ±1/16 Not Limited
r = +1/8, –0 +1/8, –0

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius

R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All — 4, 5, 10

B-U6 U U
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 F, OH — 4, 5, 10
SMAW
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All — 4, 5, 7, 10
C-U6 U U
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 F, OH — 4, 5, 7, 10

B-U6-GF U U R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All Not req. 1, 4, 10

GMAW
FCAW C-U6-GF U U R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All Not req. 1, 4, 7, 10

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

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8–48 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-U-groove weld (7) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
For B-U7 and B-U7-GF
R = +1/16, –0 1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = ± 1/16, –0 Not Limited
r = +1/4, –0 ±1/16
For B-U7-S
R = ±0 +1/16, –0
f = +0, +1/4 ±1/16

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius

4, 5,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All —
8, 10
SMAW B-U7 U —
4, 5,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 F, OH —
8, 10

GMAW 1, 4,
B-U7-GF U — R = 0 to 1/8 α = 20° f = 1/8 r = 1/4 All Not req.
FCAW 10, 8

f = 1/4
SAW B-U7-S U — R=0 α = 20° r = 1/4 F — 4, 8, 10
max

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DESIGN TABLES 8–49

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-J-groove weld (8) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
B-U8 and B-U8-GF
R = +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +1/8, –0 Not Limited
r = +1/4, –0 ±1/16
B-U8-S
R = ±0 +1/4, –0
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +0, –1/8 ±1/16
r = +1/4, –0 ±1/16

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius
3, 4,
SMAW B-U8 U — R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All —
5, 10

GMAW 1, 3,
B-U8-GF U — R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All Not req.
FCAW 4, 10
1
SAW B-U8-S U U R=0 α = 45° f = /4 r = 3/8 F — 3, 4, 10
max

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8–50 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-J-groove weld (8) Tolerances
T-joint (T) As Detailed As Fit-Up
Corner joint (C) (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
TC-U8a and TC-U8a-GF
R = +1/16, –0 1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +1/16, –0 Not Limited
r = +1/4, –0 ±1/16
TC-U8a-S
R = ±0 +1/4, –0
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +0, –1/8 ±1/16
r = +1/4, –0 ±1/16

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius
4, 5, 7,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All —
10, 11
SMAW TC-U8a U U
4, 5, 7,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 F, OH —
10, 11

GMAW 1, 4, 7,
TC-U8a-GF U U R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All Not req.
FCAW 10, 11
1
α = 45° f = /4 r = 3/8 4, 7,
SAW TC-U8a-S U U R=0 F —
max 10, 11

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DESIGN TABLES 8–51

Table 8-2 (continued) CJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Complete-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-J-groove weld (9) Tolerances
Butt joint (B) As Detailed As Fit-Up
(see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +1/16, –0 Not Limited
r = +1/8, –0 ±1/16

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius
3, 4, 5,
SMAW B-U9 U — R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All —
8, 10

GMAW 1, 3, 4,
B-U9-GF U — R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All Not req.
FCAW 8, 10

Double-J-groove weld (9) Tolerances

T-joint (T) As Detailed As Fit-Up
Corner joint (C) (see 3.13.1) (see 3.13.1)
R = +1/16, –0 +1/16, –1/8
α = +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
f = +1/16, –0 Not Limited
r = 1/8, –0 ±1/16

Base Metal Thickness

Groove Preparation Allowed Gas
Welding Joint (U = unlimited)
Welding Shielding Notes
Process Designation Root Groove Root Bevel
T1 T2 Positions for FCAW
Opening Angle Face Radius
4, 5, 7, 8,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 45° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All —
10, 11
SMAW TC-U9a U U
4, 5, 7,
R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 F, OH —
8, 11

GMAW 1, 4, 7, 8,
TC-U9a-GF U U R = 0 to 1/8 α = 30° f = 1/8 r = 3/8 All Not req.
FCAW 10, 11

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8–52 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Square-groove weld (1)
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed
Welding Joint Tolerances Weld Size
Welding Notes
Process Designation Root As Detailed As Fit-Up (E)
T1 T2 Positions
Opening (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
B-P1a 1/8 — R = 0 to 1/16 +1/16, –0 ±1/16 All T1 –1/32 2, 5
SMAW T1 T1
B-P1c 1/4 max — +1/16, –0 ±1/16 All 2, 5
R= min
2 2

Square-groove weld (1)

Butt joint (B)

E1 + E2 must not exceed 3T1

4

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total Weld
Welding Joint Tolerances
Welding Size Notes
Process Designation Root As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Positions (E1 + E2)
Opening (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
T1 3T1
SMAW B-P1b 1/4 max — +1/16, –0 ±1/16 All 5
R=
2 4

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DESIGN TABLES 8–53

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-V-groove weld (2)
Butt joint (B)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed
Welding Joint Tolerances Weld Size
Root Opening Welding Notes
Process Designation Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up (E)
T1 T2 Groove Angle
Positions
(see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 –0, +1/16 +1/8, –1/16
1/4
2, 5, 6,
SMAW BC-P2 min U f = 1/32 min +U, –0 ±1/16 All S
10
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 –0, +1/16 +1/8, –1/16
GMAW 1/4
1, 2, 6,
BC-P2-GF min U f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 All S
FCAW 10
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
SAW BC-P2-S 7/16 min U f = 1/4 min ±1/16 F S 2, 6, 10
+U, –0
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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8–54 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-V-groove weld (3)
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Root Face Positions (E1 + E2)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
1/2 1/8
5, 6, 9,
SMAW B-P3 min — f= min +U, –0 ±1/16 All S1 + S2
10
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
GMAW 1/2 1/8
1, 6, 9,
B-P3-GF min — f= min +U, –0 ±1/16 All S1 + S2
FCAW 10
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
SAW B-P3-S 3/4 min — f= 1/4 min ±1/16 F S1 + S2 6, 9, 10
+U, –0
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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DESIGN TABLES 8–55

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-bevel-groove weld (4)
Butt joint (B)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions (E)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
2, 5, 6,
SMAW BTC-P4 U U f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 All S–1/8
7, 10, 11
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16 F, H S
GMAW 1, 2, 6,
BTC-P4-GF 1/4 min U f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16
FCAW V, OH S–1/8 7, 10, 11
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
2, 6, 7,
SAW TC-P4-S 7/16 min U f = 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16 F S
10, 11
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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8–56 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-bevel-groove weld (5)
Butt joint (B)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total
Welding Joint Root Tolerances
Opening Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions (E1 + E2)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
S1 + S2 5, 6, 7,
SMAW BTC-P5 5/16 min U f = 1/8 min ±1/16 All
+U, –0
–1/4 9, 10, 11
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16 F, H S1 + S2
GMAW 1/2
1, 6, 7, 9,
BTC-P5-GF min U f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 S1 + S2
FCAW V, OH 10, 11
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5° –1/4
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
3/4
6, 7, 9,
SAW TC-P5-S min U f = 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16 F S1 + S2
10, 11
α = 60° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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DESIGN TABLES 8–57

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-U-groove weld (6)
Butt joint (B)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Root Opening
Allowed Total
Welding Joint Tolerances
Root Face Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Bevel Radius As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions (E)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f = 1/32 min +U, –0 ±1/16 2, 5, 6,
SMAW BC-P6 1/4 min U All S
r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
GMAW f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 1, 2, 6,
BC-P6-GF 1/4 min U All S
FCAW r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10
α = 20° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0°
f = 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16
SAW BC-P6-S 7/16 min U F S 2, 6, 10
r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16
α = 20° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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8–58 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-U-groove weld (7)
Butt joint (B)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total
Welding Joint Root Opening Tolerances
Root Face Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation
T1 T2 Bevel Radius As Detailed As Fit-Up Positions (E1 + E2)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 5, 6, 9,
SMAW B-P7 1/2 min — All S1 + S2
r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10
α = 45° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
GMAW f = 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 1, 6, 9,
B-P7-GF 1/2 min — All S1 + S2
FCAW r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10
α = 20° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0°
f = 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16
SAW B-P7-S 3/4 min — F S1 + S2 6, 9,10
r = 1/4 +1/4, –0 ±1/16
α = 20° +10°, –0° + 10°, –5°

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DESIGN TABLES 8–59

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Single-J-groove weld (8)
Butt joint (B)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

*αoc = Outside corner groove angle.

**αic = Inside corner groove angle.

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Root Opening Tolerances Allowed Total Weld
Welding Joint
Root Face Welding Size Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Bevel Radius Positions (E)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 5, 6, 7,
B-P8 1/4 min U All S
r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10, 11
α = 30° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
SMAW R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16
5, 6, 7,
TC-P8 1/4 min U r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 All S
10, 11
αoc = 30°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 1, 6, 7,
B-P8-GF 1/4 min U All S
r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10, 11
α = 30° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
GMAW
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
FCAW
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16
1, 6, 7,
TC-P8-GF 1/4 min U r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 All S
10, 11
αoc = 30°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
f= 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16 6, 7,
B-P8-S 7/16 min U F S
r= 1/2 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10, 11
α = 20° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
SAW R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
f= 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16
6, 7,
TC-P8-S 7/16 min U r= 1/2 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 F S
10, 11
αoc = 20°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
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8–60 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued) PJP

Prequalified Welded Joints
Partial-Joint-Penetration Groove Welds
Double-J-groove weld (9)
Butt joint (B)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

*αoc = Outside corner groove angle.

**αic = Inside corner groove angle.

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Allowed Total Weld
Welding Joint Root Opening Tolerances
Root Face Welding Size Notes
Process Designation As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 Bevel Radius Positions (E1 + E2)
Groove Angle (see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
5, 6, 7,
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16
B-P9 1/2 min U All S1 + S2 9, 10,
r = 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16
11
α = 30° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
SMAW R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 5, 6, 7,
TC-P9 1/2 min U r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 All S1 + S2 9, 10,
αoc = 30°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5° 11
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
1, 6, 7,
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16
B-P9-GF 1/2 min U All S1 + S2 9, 10,
r = 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16
11
α = 30° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
GMAW
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
FCAW
f= 1/8 min +U, –0 ±1/16 1, 6, 7,
TC-P9-GF 1/2 min U r= 3/8 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 All S1 + S2 9, 10,
αoc = 30°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5° 11
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
f= 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16 6, 7, 9,
B-P9-S 3/4 min U F S1 + S2
r= 1/2 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 10, 11
α = 20° +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
SAW R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0
f= 1/4 min +U, –0 ±1/16
6, 7, 9,
TC-P9-S 3/4 min U r= 1/2 +1/4, –0 ±1/16 F S1 + S2
10, 11
αoc = 20°* +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
αic = 45°** +10°, –0° +10°, –5°
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DESIGN TABLES 8–61

Table 8-2 (continued) FLARE

Prequalified Welded Joints
Flare-Bevel Groove Welds
Flare-bevel-groove weld (10)
Butt joint (B)
T-joint (T)
Corner joint (C)

Base Metal Thickness Groove Preparation

(U = unlimited) Tolerances Allowed Total
Welding Joint Root Opening Welding Weld Size Notes
Process Designation Root Face As Detailed As Fit-Up
T1 T2 T3 Bend Radius*
Positions (E)
(see 3.12.3) (see 3.12.3)
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
SMAW 3/16 T1 f = 3/16 min +U, –0 +U, –1/16 5T1 5, 7, 10,
BTC-P10 U All
FCAW-S min min 3T1 8 12
C= min +U, –0 +U, –0
2
R=0 +1/16, –0 +1/8, –1/16
GMAW 3/16 T1 f = 3/16 min +U, –0 +U, –1/16 5T1 1, 7, 10,
BTC-P10-GF U All
FCAW-G min min 3T1 4 12
C= min +U, –0 +U, –0
2
R=0 ±0 +1/16, –0°
1/2 1/2 f = 1/2 min +U, –0 +U, –1/16 5T1
SAW B-P10-S N/A F 7, 10, 12
min min 3T1 8
C= min +U, –0 +U, –0
2
* For cold formed (A500) rectangular tubes, C dimension is not limited. See the following:
Effective Weld Size of Flare-Bevel-Groove Welded Joints. Tests have been performed on cold formed ASTM A 500 material exhibiting a "C" dimension as small as T1 with a
nominal radius of 2t. As the radius increases, the "C" dimension also increases. The corner curvature may not be a quadrant of a circle tangent to the sides. The corner
dimension, "C," may be less than the radius of the corner.

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8–62 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued)

TUBE
Prequalified Welded Joints
PJP T-, Y- and K-Tubular Connections

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

AISC_Part 8A:14th Ed. 2/24/11 8:25 AM Page 63

DESIGN TABLES 8–63

Table 8-2 (continued)

TUBE
Prequalified Welded Joints
PJP T-, Y- and K-Tubular Connections

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

AISC_Part 8A:14th Ed. 2/24/11 8:25 AM Page 64

8–64 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-2 (continued)

TUBE
Prequalified Welded Joints
PJP T-, Y- and K-Tubular Connections

Reprinted from AWS D1.1 with permission from the American Welding Society (AWS)

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

AISC_PART 8B:14th Ed. 2/24/11 8:28 AM Page 66

8–66 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-4
Coefficients, C,
for Eccentrically Loaded Weld Groups
Angle = 0°
Available strength of a weld group, φRn or Rn /Ω, is determined with
Rn = CC1Dl (φ = 0.75, Ω = 2.00)

LRFD ASD
Pu Pu Pu ΩPa ΩPa ΩPa
Cmin = Dmin = lmin = Cmin = Dmin = lmin =
φC1Dl φCC1l φCC1D C1Dl CC1l CC1D

where
P = required force, Pu or Pa , kips
D = number of sixteenths-of-an-inch in the fillet weld size
l = characteristic length of weld group, in.
a = ex /l
ex = horizontal component of eccentricity of P
with respect to centroid of weld group, in.
C = coefficient tabulated below
C1 = electrode strength coefficient from Table 8-3
(1.0 for E70XX electrodes)

k
a
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
0.00 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71 3.71
0.10 3.72 3.72 3.72 3.71 3.70 3.69 3.67 3.65 3.63 3.61 3.59 3.55 3.52 3.48 3.44 3.43
0.15 3.67 3.66 3.65 3.64 3.62 3.60 3.58 3.56 3.54 3.52 3.50 3.46 3.43 3.39 3.36 3.33
0.20 3.51 3.51 3.50 3.49 3.47 3.46 3.44 3.42 3.41 3.39 3.38 3.35 3.32 3.30 3.27 3.25
0.25 3.31 3.31 3.31 3.30 3.29 3.28 3.28 3.27 3.26 3.25 3.25 3.23 3.21 3.20 3.18 3.16
0.30 3.09 3.09 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.11 3.10 3.09 3.08 3.07
0.40 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.70 2.73 2.75 2.77 2.80 2.81 2.83 2.84 2.87 2.88 2.89 2.90 2.90
0.50 2.30 2.30 2.32 2.36 2.40 2.44 2.48 2.52 2.55 2.58 2.60 2.65 2.68 2.70 2.72 2.73
0.60 2.00 2.00 2.03 2.07 2.12 2.18 2.23 2.28 2.32 2.36 2.39 2.45 2.49 2.53 2.56 2.58
0.70 1.76 1.77 1.79 1.84 1.90 1.96 2.02 2.07 2.12 2.16 2.20 2.27 2.33 2.38 2.41 2.45
0.80 1.57 1.57 1.60 1.65 1.71 1.78 1.84 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.04 2.12 2.18 2.24 2.28 2.32
0.90 1.41 1.42 1.45 1.50 1.56 1.62 1.69 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.98 2.05 2.11 2.16 2.20
1.0 1.28 1.29 1.32 1.37 1.43 1.49 1.56 1.62 1.67 1.72 1.77 1.86 1.93 2.00 2.05 2.10
1.2 1.08 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.22 1.28 1.35 1.41 1.46 1.51 1.56 1.65 1.73 1.80 1.86 1.91
1.4 0.928 0.936 0.966 1.01 1.07 1.13 1.19 1.24 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.49 1.57 1.64 1.70 1.75
1.6 0.815 0.823 0.852 0.894 0.945 1.00 1.06 1.11 1.16 1.21 1.26 1.35 1.43 1.50 1.56 1.62
1.8 0.727 0.734 0.761 0.800 0.848 0.899 0.953 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.24 1.31 1.38 1.45 1.50
2.0 0.655 0.663 0.688 0.724 0.768 0.817 0.867 0.916 0.964 1.01 1.06 1.14 1.22 1.28 1.35 1.40
2.2 0.597 0.604 0.627 0.661 0.702 0.747 0.794 0.841 0.887 0.931 0.975 1.06 1.13 1.20 1.26 1.31
2.4 0.547 0.554 0.576 0.608 0.646 0.689 0.733 0.777 0.821 0.864 0.905 0.983 1.06 1.12 1.18 1.24
2.6 0.506 0.512 0.533 0.562 0.598 0.638 0.680 0.722 0.764 0.805 0.845 0.920 0.990 1.05 1.11 1.17
2.8 0.470 0.476 0.495 0.523 0.557 0.595 0.634 0.674 0.714 0.753 0.791 0.864 0.932 0.994 1.05 1.10
3.0 0.439 0.445 0.463 0.489 0.521 0.557 0.594 0.632 0.670 0.708 0.745 0.815 0.880 0.940 0.996 1.05
Shaded values indicate the value is based on the greatest available strength permitted by AISC Specification
Sections J2.4, J2.4(a), J2.4(b) and J2.4(c).

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AISC_PART 8B:14th Ed. 2/24/11 8:29 AM Page 90

8–90 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-8
Coefficients, C,
for Eccentrically Loaded Weld Groups
Angle = 0°
Available strength of a weld group, φRn or Rn /Ω, is determined with
Rn = CC1Dl (φ = 0.75, Ω = 2.00)

LRFD ASD
Pu Pu Pu ΩPa ΩPa ΩPa
Cmin = Dmin = lmin = Cmin = Dmin = lmin =
φC1Dl φCC1l φCC1D C1Dl CC1l CC1D

where
P = required force, Pu or Pa , kips
D = number of sixteenths-of-an-inch in the fillet weld size
l = characteristic length of weld group, in.
a = ex /l
ex = horizontal component of eccentricity of P
with respect to centroid of weld group, in.
C = coefficient tabulated below
C1 = electrode strength coefficient from Table 8-3
(1.0 for E70XX electrodes)

Note: Shaded values indicate the value is based on the

greatest available strength permitted by AISC Specification
Sections J2.4, J2.4(a), J2.4(b) and J2.4(c).

k
a
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
0.00 1.86 2.23 2.69 3.25 3.80 4.36 4.92 5.47 6.03 6.59 7.15 8.26 9.37 10.5 11.6 12.7
0.10 1.86 2.28 2.78 3.30 3.83 4.37 4.92 5.46 6.01 6.56 7.11 8.22 9.32 10.4 11.5 12.7
0.15 1.83 2.25 2.73 3.23 3.75 4.27 4.80 5.33 5.87 6.41 6.94 8.02 9.11 10.2 11.3 12.4
0.20 1.76 2.18 2.63 3.11 3.60 4.11 4.61 5.13 5.64 6.16 6.68 7.72 8.77 9.83 10.9 12.0
0.25 1.66 2.07 2.51 2.96 3.42 3.90 4.38 4.87 5.37 5.86 6.36 7.37 8.39 9.42 10.5 11.5
0.30 1.55 1.95 2.36 2.79 3.23 3.68 4.14 4.60 5.08 5.55 6.03 7.01 8.00 9.00 10.0 11.0
0.40 1.33 1.69 2.07 2.45 2.84 3.24 3.65 4.07 4.50 4.94 5.39 6.30 7.24 8.19 9.16 10.1
0.50 1.15 1.46 1.79 2.14 2.49 2.85 3.22 3.60 4.00 4.40 4.82 5.67 6.56 7.47 8.40 9.35
0.60 0.999 1.27 1.57 1.88 2.19 2.52 2.85 3.20 3.57 3.94 4.33 5.13 5.97 6.84 7.74 8.65
0.70 0.879 1.12 1.38 1.66 1.95 2.24 2.55 2.87 3.20 3.55 3.91 4.66 5.46 6.29 7.15 8.04
0.80 0.783 0.996 1.23 1.48 1.75 2.02 2.30 2.59 2.90 3.22 3.56 4.27 5.02 5.82 6.64 7.50
0.90 0.704 0.896 1.11 1.34 1.58 1.83 2.09 2.36 2.65 2.95 3.26 3.93 4.65 5.40 6.19 7.01
1.0 0.639 0.813 1.00 1.21 1.44 1.67 1.91 2.16 2.43 2.71 3.01 3.64 4.31 5.03 5.78 6.56
1.2 0.538 0.684 0.845 1.02 1.21 1.42 1.63 1.85 2.08 2.33 2.59 3.15 3.75 4.39 5.07 5.79
1.4 0.464 0.589 0.729 0.883 1.05 1.23 1.42 1.61 1.82 2.04 2.27 2.77 3.31 3.89 4.50 5.15
1.6 0.408 0.517 0.640 0.775 0.924 1.09 1.25 1.43 1.61 1.81 2.02 2.46 2.95 3.48 4.04 4.64
1.8 0.363 0.461 0.570 0.691 0.825 0.970 1.12 1.28 1.45 1.62 1.81 2.22 2.66 3.14 3.66 4.21
2.0 0.328 0.415 0.514 0.623 0.744 0.877 1.01 1.16 1.31 1.47 1.64 2.01 2.42 2.86 3.34 3.85
2.2 0.298 0.378 0.468 0.567 0.678 0.800 0.926 1.06 1.20 1.35 1.50 1.84 2.22 2.62 3.07 3.54
2.4 0.274 0.347 0.429 0.521 0.623 0.735 0.852 0.973 1.10 1.24 1.38 1.70 2.04 2.42 2.84 3.28
2.6 0.253 0.320 0.396 0.481 0.576 0.680 0.788 0.901 1.02 1.15 1.28 1.57 1.90 2.25 2.64 3.05
2.8 0.235 0.297 0.368 0.447 0.535 0.632 0.734 0.839 0.950 1.07 1.19 1.47 1.77 2.10 2.46 2.85
3.0 0.219 0.278 0.343 0.417 0.500 0.591 0.686 0.784 0.889 1.00 1.12 1.37 1.66 1.97 2.31 2.68
x 0.000 0.008 0.029 0.056 0.089 0.125 0.164 0.204 0.246 0.289 0.333 0.424 0.516 0.610 0.704 0.800

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION

AISC_PART 8B:14th Ed. 2/24/11 8:29 AM Page 102

8–102 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR WELDS

Table 8-10
Coefficients, C,
for Eccentrically Loaded Weld Groups
Angle = 0°
Available strength of a weld group, φRn or Rn /Ω, is determined with
Rn = CC1Dl (φ = 0.75, Ω = 2.00)
LRFD ASD
Pu Pu Pu ΩPa ΩPa ΩPa
Cmin = Dmin = lmin = Cmin = Dmin = lmin =
φC1Dl φCC1l φCC1D C1Dl CC1l CC1D

where
P = required force, Pu or Pa , kips
D = number of sixteenths-of-an-inch in the fillet weld size
l = characteristic length of weld group, in.
a = ex /l
ex = horizontal component of eccentricity of P
with respect to centroid of weld group, in.
C = coefficient tabulated below
C1 = electrode strength coefficient from Table 8-3
(1.0 for E70XX electrodes)

Note: Shaded values indicate the value is based on the

greatest available strength permitted by AISC Specification
Sections J2.4, J2.4(a), J2.4(b) and J2.4(c).
k
a
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
0.00 1.86 2.04 2.23 2.41 2.69 2.97 3.25 3.53 3.80 4.08 4.36 4.92 5.47 6.03 6.59 7.15
0.10 1.86 2.04 2.28 2.53 2.78 3.04 3.31 3.57 3.84 4.11 4.38 4.93 5.48 6.00 6.55 7.10
0.15 1.83 2.03 2.25 2.49 2.74 2.99 3.24 3.50 3.75 4.01 4.28 4.81 5.34 5.89 6.44 7.00
0.20 1.76 1.97 2.18 2.40 2.64 2.87 3.11 3.36 3.60 3.85 4.11 4.62 5.14 5.66 6.20 6.73
0.25 1.66 1.86 2.07 2.29 2.50 2.73 2.95 3.19 3.42 3.66 3.90 4.40 4.90 5.42 5.94 6.47
0.30 1.55 1.74 1.94 2.15 2.36 2.57 2.78 3.00 3.22 3.45 3.69 4.17 4.66 5.17 5.68 6.20
0.40 1.33 1.49 1.67 1.85 2.05 2.24 2.44 2.63 2.84 3.05 3.27 3.73 4.20 4.69 5.19 5.70
0.50 1.15 1.29 1.44 1.60 1.77 1.95 2.13 2.31 2.50 2.70 2.90 3.33 3.78 4.25 4.74 5.23
0.60 0.999 1.12 1.25 1.39 1.54 1.70 1.87 2.04 2.21 2.40 2.59 2.99 3.42 3.87 4.34 4.82
0.70 0.879 0.987 1.10 1.22 1.35 1.50 1.66 1.82 1.98 2.15 2.32 2.71 3.11 3.55 4.00 4.47
0.80 0.783 0.878 0.978 1.09 1.20 1.34 1.48 1.63 1.78 1.94 2.11 2.46 2.85 3.27 3.70 4.15
0.90 0.704 0.790 0.879 0.976 1.08 1.20 1.33 1.48 1.62 1.77 1.92 2.26 2.63 3.02 3.43 3.86
1.0 0.639 0.717 0.797 0.885 0.983 1.09 1.21 1.35 1.48 1.62 1.76 2.08 2.43 2.80 3.20 3.61
1.2 0.538 0.603 0.671 0.745 0.828 0.922 1.03 1.14 1.26 1.38 1.51 1.79 2.10 2.44 2.80 3.18
1.4 0.464 0.520 0.579 0.643 0.715 0.796 0.888 0.991 1.10 1.21 1.32 1.57 1.85 2.15 2.48 2.83
1.6 0.408 0.457 0.508 0.564 0.628 0.700 0.783 0.874 0.972 1.07 1.17 1.40 1.65 1.93 2.22 2.54
1.8 0.363 0.407 0.453 0.503 0.560 0.625 0.699 0.782 0.871 0.957 1.05 1.26 1.49 1.74 2.01 2.31
2.0 0.328 0.367 0.408 0.454 0.505 0.564 0.632 0.706 0.788 0.867 0.952 1.14 1.35 1.58 1.84 2.11
2.2 0.298 0.334 0.372 0.413 0.460 0.514 0.576 0.644 0.719 0.792 0.870 1.04 1.24 1.45 1.69 1.94
2.4 0.274 0.306 0.341 0.379 0.422 0.472 0.529 0.592 0.661 0.728 0.801 0.960 1.14 1.34 1.56 1.79
2.6 0.253 0.283 0.315 0.350 0.390 0.437 0.489 0.547 0.611 0.674 0.741 0.890 1.06 1.24 1.45 1.67
2.8 0.235 0.263 0.293 0.325 0.363 0.406 0.455 0.509 0.568 0.628 0.690 0.829 0.986 1.16 1.35 1.56
3.0 0.219 0.246 0.273 0.304 0.339 0.379 0.425 0.475 0.531 0.587 0.645 0.776 0.924 1.09 1.27 1.46
x 0.000 0.005 0.017 0.035 0.057 0.083 0.113 0.144 0.178 0.213 0.250 0.327 0.408 0.492 0.579 0.667
y 0.500 0.455 0.417 0.385 0.357 0.333 0.313 0.294 0.278 0.263 0.250 0.227 0.208 0.192 0.179 0.167

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION