GRADES 1 to 12 President Diosdado Macapagal

School Grade Level GRADE 11

High School
DAILY LESSON LOG
STATISTICS AND
Teacher Jessie Grace C. De Luna Learning Area
PROBABILITY
WEEK 2 (MAY 8-12, 2023)

Teaching Date and Time AMBER – MON, TUES, WED & THURS Quarter 4th QUARTER
(11:30-12:30)

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

Objectives must be met over the week and connected to the curriculum standards. To meet the objectives, necessary procedures must be followed and if needed, additional lessons, exercises and remedial activities may be done for developing content knowledge and competencies. These are assessed
I. OBJECTIVES using Formative Assessment strategies. Valuing objectives supports the learning of content and competencies and enable children to find significance and joy in learning the lesson. Weekly objectives shall be derived from the curriculum guide.

A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of tests of hypotheses on the population mean and population proportion.

The learner is able to perform appropriate tests of hypotheses involving the population mean and population proportion to make
B. Performance Standards
inferences in real-life problems in different disciplines.
Identifies the appropriate form of the test-statistic

when:
Identifies the appropriate rejection region for
(a) the population variance is assumed to be known a given level of significance when: (a) the
C. Learning Competencies / Objectives The learner formulates the appropriate null
population variance is assumed to be known Evaluate what they have learned for week
and alternative hypotheses on a population (b) the population variance is assumed to be (b) the population variance is assumed to be 2.
Write the LC code for each mean [M11/12SP-IVb-1]. unknown; and unknown, and (c) the Central Limit Theorem
is to be used [M11/12SP-IVc-1].
(c) the Central Limit Theorem is to be used.

M11/12SP-IVb-2

The Null and Alternative Forms of Test Statistic for the The Rejection Region for the
II. CONTENT Hypotheses on a Population QUIZ
Population Mean Population Mean
Mean
III. LEARNING RESOURCES List the materials to be used on different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.

A. References

1. Teacher’s Guide pages

2. Learner’s Materials pages

3. Textbook pages

4. Additional Materials from Statistics and Probability Module Statistics and Probability Module Statistics and Probability Module Statistics and Probability Module
Page 1 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016
 Learning Resource (LR) portal

B. Other Learning Resources Quipper Quipper Quipper Quipper

These steps should be done across the week. Spread out the activities appropriately so that the students will learn well. Always be guided by the demonstration of learning by the students which you can infer from formative assessment activities. Sustain learning systematically by providing students with
IV. PROCEDURES multiple ways to learn new things, practice their learning, question their learning processes, and draw conclusions about what they learned in relation to their life experiences and previous knowledge. Indicate the time allotment for each step.

Together We Will Stand Review the concepts about null and

alternative hypothesis, form of test statistic
1. Divide the class into four groups.
2. On the board, write the following statements.
and rejection region.
- number of hours I spend watching internet videos in a
week Group Activity
- number of brothers and sisters I have Review: 1. Divide the class into groups of five.
- number of hours I sleep on a Friday night
- number of rooms we have at home 2. Instruct each group to gather data from
- number of books in my bag their members about the number of hours
3. Ask the students to write down one statement they they sleep every day.
want their classmates to guess about them. 1. A manufacturer wants to know if their new 64- 3. Ask each group to calculate the sample
4. On another sheet of paper, ask them to write their ounce bottle of fabric conditioner contains the mean of their gathered data.
answer to their chosen statement and keep it hidden. accurate amount on average.
Their answer should be an integer. 4. Ask each group to compare their
A. Reviewing previous lesson or 5. For the first round, let the first group’s opponent be obtained sample mean with the following
presenting the new lesson the third group and the second group’s opponent be the data.
fourth group.
6. Instruct each student to exchange papers with 2. According to a soft drink company, the mean
someone from their opponent group. Students sleep for an average of 7 hours
7. Ask them to play rock-paper-scissors once. The
consumption of their product by Filipinos is 1.5 L a day.
winner should guess the answer of his/her partner. If per month. The marketing head of the company
the answer is correct, he/she wins the battle. wants to know if their aggressive campaign 5. Ask each group to say whether their
Otherwise, they exchange roles until someone wins.
8. The group with more winners wins the battle.
designed to get Filipinos to consume even more result supports the statement. Then, let
9. The two winning groups in the first round should now of their soft drink was effective.
face each other for the final round.
them explain why.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the factors that affected the probability that
you would guess correctly?
2. How did the type of question affect your chance to
guess correctly?
B. Establishing a purpose for the Statistical Hypothesis Test Statistic Rejection Region Give the general instructions.
lesson
a statement about population a random variable that is used in a hypothesis test the interval of values of the test statistic
parameters for which the null hypothesis is rejected

Example:
Example: The following table shows the location of
The test statistic used in a z -test is the z - the rejection region under the normal
curve depending on the null and
The daily mean number of customers of a statistic, and in a t -test is the t -statistic.
coffee shop is 105. alternative hypotheses for the population
mean.

Relation Symbols
Type of Rejection
in the Hypothesis
Test Region
H0 HA
= ≠ Two-tailed To the left of

−z α and
2
to the right of

zα
2
≤ > Right-tailed To the left of

Page 2 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

 −z α
≥ < Left-tailed To the right of

zα
z -statistic
Identify the hypotheses, the appropriate form
the test statistic used in a hypothesis test for the of test statistic, and the rejection region for
population mean when the population standard each given situation.
deviation is known and (a) the population is
normal OR (b) the sample size is sufficiently
large, usually greater than or equal to 30
1. A car dealer recommends transmission
service at 15 650 kilometers. In order to see
Null Hypothesis whether his customers are adhering to this
Due to the Central Limit Theorem, we can still use recommendation, the dealer selects a
the hypothesis that is assumed to be true. It Level of Significance
the z -statistic even when the population sample of 37 customers and finds out that
uses a relation symbol with a statement of the average kilometers of the cars serviced is
distribution is unknown or not normal. the probability of rejecting the null
equality, such as ≥ , ≤, and ¿ , and is hypothesis in favor of the alternative
17 320 kilometers. Assume that the
population standard deviation is 1 025
denoted by H 0. hypothesis when it is true, denoted by α kilometers and use 𝛼=0.10.

C. Presenting examples/ instances of

The z -statistic is given by 2. Aaron works in a farm that has 45 goats
and 32 cows. He wants to know if the amount
the new lesson Example:   Example: of waste he disposes per day is the same as
the normal amount that farms dispose. On
The average life expectancy μ1 of females is x−μ A significance level of α =0.05 means any given day, 3 800 pounds of waste with a
z= , standard deviation of 750 pounds are
the same as the average life expectancy μ2 σ that there is a 5% chance of rejecting a
removed from farms across the country.
true null hypothesis.
of males. ( H 0 : μ1=μ2 ) √n However, Aaron shovels 4 000 pounds of
waste a day based on a random sample of
30 days. Use 𝛼=0.05.
 

where x is the sample mean, μ is the

hypothesized population mean, σ is the 3. An article stated that students in a
university in Manila takes 4.5 years, on
population standard deviation, and n is the average, to finish their undergraduate
sample size. The z -statistic is used in the z -test degrees. Suppose you believe that the mean
time is longer. You conduct a survey on 28
for population mean. students and obtain a sample mean of 4.7
years with a sample standard deviation of 1.5
years. Assume that the time it takes to finish
an undergraduate degree in the university is
D. Discussing new concepts and Alternative Hypothesis Example: Example 1: The owner of a car rental normally distributed and use 𝛼=0.10.
practicing new skills #1 agency claims that the mileage of their
the hypothesis that is contrary to the null A head teacher claims that the mean IQ of cars is normally distributed with an
hypothesis. It uses a relation symbol with no students in their school is above average. The average of at most 8 000. A sample of
statement of equality, such as ¿ ,<, and ≠ , mean population IQ is 150 with a standard seven of their cars has an average 4. A survey found out that men over the age
deviation of 13. A random sample of 30 of their mileage of 8 490 with a standard deviation of 45 consume an average of 1 700 calories
and is denoted by H A. students have an average IQ of 151. Is there of 460 miles. In testing the hypothesis that
a day with a standard deviation of 32
calories. In order to see if the number of
enough evidence to support the head teacher’s the average mileage of the cars is more calories consumed by men over the age of
claim? than 8 000, if the level of significance is 45 living in a province is the same, a
Example: set to α =0.05 , what is the area of the researcher sampled 40 men over the age of
  45 and found out that the mean number of
rejection region and where is it located? calories consumed was 1 550. Use 𝛼=0.05.
The average life expectancy μ1 of females is In this case, the z -statistic should be used since
Page 3 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016
 the population standard deviation is known and 5. An industrial machine fills bags with an
the sample size is sufficiently large. average of 4 kg of soap. To check if the
1. Identify the hypotheses. machine fills the bags completely, a random
sample of nineteen bags were weighed and
The null and alternative hypotheses are as the mean weight was found out to be 3.6 kg
with a standard deviation of 0.1 kg. Assume
t -statistic follows:
that the amount of soap in the bags is
  normally distributed and use 𝛼=0.10.
the test statistic used in a hypothesis test for the
population mean when the population standard
deviation is unknown and when the sample size is H O : μ ≤8 000 miles
small, usually less than 30
H A : μ>8 000 miles

The t -statistic is given by

different from the average life expectancy μ2 2. Identify the rejection region.
of males. ( H A : μ1 ≠ μ2 )  
The sample size n=7 is less than 30
x−μ and the population standard deviation is
t= ,
s unknown. Also, the alternative hypothesis
uses the relation symbol ¿ . Thus, a right-
√n tailed t -test should be used.
 

where x is the sample mean, μ is the In a right-tailed test, the rejection region is
hypothesized population mean, s is the sample located in the right tail of the distribution
with an area that is equal to the level of
standard deviation, and n is the sample size. The significance.
t -statistic is used in the t -test for population
mean.

E. Discussing new concepts and Let’s Try: Example: Example 2: A car manufacturer claims
practicing new skills #2 that the gas consumption of their new
A head teacher claims that the mean IQ of model is 25 km/L with a standard
students in their school is above average. The deviation of 5 km/L. A simple random
Example 1: It is claimed that the average mean population IQ is normally distributed with a sample of 64 cars of this model is chosen
pulse rate of male joggers is at least 80 mean of 150. A random sample of 10 of their and found out to have a mean gas
beats per minute. You want to show that this students have an average IQ of 151. Is there consumption of 27.5 km/L. Illustrate the
is not true. Construct the null and alternative enough evidence to support the head teacher’s rejection region if α =0.10 .
hypotheses. claim?

Example 2: A gym advertises that the 1. Identify the hypotheses.

In this case, the t -statistic should be used since
average weight loss of people who enrolled
the population standard deviation is unknown and The null and alternative hypotheses
in them for 3 months is at least 15 pounds.
the sample size is less than 30. are as follows:
You doubt their advertisement. Write the null

Page 4 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

  

H O : μ=25 km/L
H A : μ ≠ 25 km/L

2. Identify the rejection region.

The sample size n=64 is greater

than 30 and the population standard
deviation σ is known. Also, the
alternative hypothesis uses the relation
and alternative hypotheses.
symbol ≠ . Thus, a two-tailed z -test
should be used.

Example 3: According to a study in 2012, an In a two-tailed test, we need to divide

average of 136 000 births per year in the the significance level by 2.
Philippines were to teenage mothers. A
concerned parent believes that the average  
has decreased since then. Determine the
null and alternative hypotheses. α 0.10
= =0.05
2 2
Thus, the rejection region has an
area of 0.05 in each tail of the
distribution.

F. Developing mastery Example 1: The owner of a car rental agency Example 3: A machine is designed to fill
claims that the mileage of their cars is normally cans with 12 ounces of coffee, but a
(Leads to Formative Assessment 3) distributed with a mean of 8,000. A sample of consumer doubts that the machine is
seven of their cars has an average mileage of 6 filling the cans completely. A sample of 10
490. What test statistic should be used in this cans has a mean of 11.5 ounces. Assume
case? that the amount of coffee in each can is
normally distributed with a standard
deviation of 0.5 ounces. Given that
𝛼=0.05, illustrate the rejection and
Example 2: A car manufacturer claims that the acceptance regions for the test of
gas consumption of their new model is 25 km/L hypothesis.
with a standard deviation of 5 km/L. A simple
random sample of 64 cars of this model is chosen
and found out to have a mean gas consumption of
27.5 km/L. What test statistic should be used in

Page 5 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

 this case?

Identify the hypotheses and the appropriate form Identify the hypotheses, the appropriate
Determine the null and alternative
of test statistic for each given situation. form of test statistic, and the rejection
hypotheses in the following problems.
region for each given situation.
1. According to a telecommunications
1. A cable brand claims to have a
company, the mean monthly cell phone bill 1. A telecommunications company claims that breaking strength of at least 900
per person was ₱1 500 in 2016. A households receive an average of 35 telephone pounds with a standard
researcher suspects that the mean monthly calls per month. To test the claim, a researcher deviation of 13 pounds. A
cell phone bill is different today. surveyed 31 households and found out that the company researcher selects a
average number of calls was 32.8. The standard sample of 29 cables and finds
2. In 2015, the average score of takers on
deviation of the sample was 7 calls. out that the average breaking
the Chemical Engineer Licensure Exam was
83. An engineering professor believes that strength is 825.3 pounds.
due to changes in the curriculum of some Assume that the breaking
universities, the average score has strength of the cables is
2. In a certain population, it is claimed that the
decreased. normally distributed. If the level
mean number of years of education is 13.2, while
of significance is set to
G. Finding practical applications of the standard deviation is 2.95 years. A random
concepts and skills in daily living
3. According to a website, the mean sample of 60 people is drawn from this α =0.05 , what is the area of
consumption of milk tea per month of population, and the sample mean is 13.87 years. the rejection region and where
Filipinos is 570 ml. The marketing division of is it located?
a milk tea company wants to know if their
aggressive campaign designed to get 2. The manufacturer of a brand of
Filipinos to consume even more milk tea was 3. A cold medicine bears a label indicating the battery claims that the mean life
effective. presence of 600 mg of acetaminophen per fluid of their batteries is at least 6
ounce. A researcher claims that each fluid ounce months. A consumer protection
4. The mean score of takers on the of the medicine contains less than 600 mg. He agency that wants to check this
Architecture Licensure Exam is 300. A randomly selected 65 1-oz samples and found out claim took a random sample of
review center claims that the mean score of that the mean acetaminophen content was 589 25 such batteries and found out
their reviewees is higher than 300. mg, while the standard deviation was 21 mg. that the mean life for this
sample was 5.5 months with a
5. In 2015, the Philippine Drug Enforcement
standard deviation of 2 months.
Agency claimed that 100 000 people per
Assume that the life of the
month buy illegal drugs. They believe that
batteries is normally distributed
this number has decreased since then.
and use 𝛼=0.10.

When do we use the 𝑧-statistic? 𝑡-statistic? How does the alternative hypothesis affect
How do you write the null and alternative
the location of the rejection region?
hypotheses on a population mean?

How does sample size affect your acceptance of

a poll survey result? In what real-life situations do you need to
H. Making generalizations and How did this lesson affect your way of
decide on whether to give something the
abstractions about the lesson making assumptions?
benefit of the doubt?

How does the test statistic affect the rejection of

the null hypothesis?
How will you know if a null hypothesis should
How will you find the boundary of the
be rejected?
rejection region?

Page 6 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

 Determine the null and alternative
hypotheses in the following problems.
For each given situation below, determine the (a)
hypotheses and (b) appropriate test statistic to be
used.
1. According to a poll conducted in 2013, Identify the hypotheses, the appropriate
Filipino families have an average of 3.2 kids. 1. A paint manufacturing company claims that the form of test statistic, and the rejection
A researcher wonders if Filipino families in a mean drying time of their product is 45 minutes. A region for each given situation.
city have less kids. random sample of 35 gallons of paint selected
from the production line of the company showed a
2. The packaging of a battery states that the mean drying time of 50 minutes with a standard
battery will last 300 hours under normal use. 1. A company claims that the mean weight
deviation of 3 minutes.
A consumer would like to know if the mean of bananas they ship is 185 grams with a
lifetime of the battery is less than 300 hours. 2. A researcher wishes to determine whether the standard deviation of 21 grams. Data
average age of people in a province is really 58.3 generated from a sample of 54 bananas
3. The average credit card interest rate in years. A sample of 28 residents has an average randomly selected from a shipment
2013 was 2.8%. A financial expert believes age of 56.7 years with a standard deviation of 2.1 indicated a mean weight of 168.2 grams.
that the interest rates have now increased. years. Assume that the ages are normally Use 𝛼=0.10.
distributed.
4. The average price of a drug is ₱28.30. A
consumer wants to know if the drug is priced 3. A company claims that the mean weight of
differently in his province. 2. A paint manufacturing company claims
bananas they ship is 150 grams with a standard
that the mean drying time of their product
I. Evaluating learning deviation of 18 grams. Data generated from a
5. The price of a new car model according to is 50 minutes with a standard deviation of
sample of 49 bananas randomly selected from a
a famous car magazine is ₱1 300 000. Grant 3.5 minutes. A random sample of 43
shipment indicated a mean weight of 153.5
wonders if the price of the car in the official gallons of paint selected from the
grams.
car store is different. production line of the company showed a
4. The manufacturer of a brand of battery claims mean drying time of 47 minutes. Use
that the mean life of their batteries is at least 5 𝛼=0.05.
months. A consumer protection agency that wants
to check this claim took a random sample of 27
such batteries and found out that the mean life for 3. A brand of tire claims that its first-class
this sample was 4.75 months with a standard tire averages at least 60 000 miles before
deviation of 2 months. Assume that the life of the it needs to be replaced. From past studies
batteries is normally distributed. about the tire, the standard deviation is
known to be 4 200 miles. A survey on the
5. An article stated that students in a university in
tire design is conducted by store
Manila takes 6 years, on average, to finish their
managers. Based on the 45 tires
undergraduate degrees. Suppose you believe that
surveyed, the mean lifespan was 58 000
the mean time is shorter. You conduct a survey of
miles. Use 𝛼=0.05.
25 students and obtain a sample mean of 4.8
years with a sample standard deviation of 1.1
years. Assume that the time it takes to finish an
undergraduate degree in the university is normally
distributed.

J. Additional activities for application

or remediation

V. REMARKS

Reflect on your teaching and asses yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your instructional
VI. REFLECTION supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask them relevant questions.

Page 7 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016

 A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the
evaluation

B. No. of learners who require additional

activities for remediation who scored
below 80%

C. Did the remedial lesson work? No. of

learners who have caught up with the
lesson

D. No. of learners who continue to require

remediation

E. Which of my teaching strategies

worked well? Why did these work?

F. What difficulties did I encounter which

my principal or supervisor can help me
solve?

G. What innovation or localized materials

did I use/discover which I wish to share
with other teachers?

Prepared by: Checked by: Recorded by:

JESSIE GRACE C. DE LUNA BRIGITTE G. GAGARIN NARIZA JANE B. TAMUNDONG

Subject Teacher Mathematics Coordinator Academic Head

Page 8 of 8 Annex1B to DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016