Jawapan Bab 2

1. (a) x 8 (b) (m – 3n)(m + n)

7 7x 56 = m(m) + m(n) + (−3n)(m) + (−3n)(n)
= (7 + 3x)(x + 8)
= m2 + mn – 3mn – 3n2
= 7x + 56 + 3x2 + 24x
= m2 – 2mn – 3n2
3x 3x2 24x = 3x2 + 31x + 56
(c) (4 – 3d)(6e – 7)
= 4(6e) + 4(−7)+ (−3d)(6e) + (−3d)(−7)
(b) 5x = 24e –28 – 18de + 21d
6 30x (d) (5 + 6x)(2 + x)
x 5x2 = 5(2) + 5(x) + 6x(2) + 6x(x)
= 10 + 5x + 12x + 6x2
= (6 + x)(5x) = 10 + 17x + 6x2
= 30x + 5x2
(e) (5r – 2)(8r – 1)
(c) x–4 4 = 5r(8r) + 5r(−1) + (−2)(8r) + (−2)(−1)
3 – 2x 12 – 8x = 40r2 – 5r – 16r + 2
3
= 40r2 – 21r + 2
2x 2x2 – 8x 8x
(f ) (−3t + 2u)(t – 4u)
x
= −3t(t) + (−3t)(−4u) + 2u(t) + 2u(−4u)
= (3 − 2x)(x − 4)
= −3t2 + 12tu + 2tu – 8u2
= 3x − (2x2 − 8x) − (12 − 8x) − 8x
= −3t2 + 14tu – 8u2
= 3x − 2x2 + 8x − 12 + 8x − 8x
= −2x2 + 11x − 12 (g) (–4j – k)(5j – 2k)
= –4j(5j) + (–4j)(–2k) + (–k)(5j) + (–k)(–2k)
(d) 2 4x – 2 = –20j2 + 8jk – 5jk + 2k2
4x – 2 1
= –20j2 + 3jk + 2k2
= (1 + 5x)(4x − 2) (h) (–2r – 3s)(–9r – 5s)
x
10 = –2r(–9r) + (–2r)(–5s) + (–3s)(–9r) +
2 –
5x
= 4x − 2 + 20x2 − 10x
x
20 = 20x2 − 6x − 2 (–3s)(–5s)
= 18r2 + 10rs + 27rs + 15s2
= 18r2 + 37rs + 15s2
4x
4. (a) (k + 6)2
2. = k2 + 2(k)(6) + 62
= k2 + 12k + 36
2x(5 − 4y) 6y 2 − 42xy
(b) (5p + 2q)2
= (5p)2 + 2(5p)(2q) + (2q)2
6y(y − 7x) −8x + 72y − 8 = 25p2 + 20pq + 4q2
(c) (3 – 4n)2
= 32 – 2(3)(4n) + (4n)2
−8(x − 9y + 1) 10x − 8xy = 9 – 24n + 16n2
(d) (7r – 3)2
3 3 = (7r)2 – 2(7r)(3) + 32
y(−2x + 8t − 12) – xy + 6ty − 9y
4 2 = 49r2 – 42r + 9
(e) (2a + 9)(2a – 9)
3. (a) (x – y)(8 – y) = (2a)2 – 92
= x(8) + x( − y) + (−y)(8) + (−y)(−y) = 4a2 – 81
= 8x – xy – 8y + y2 (f ) (5p – 3r)(5p + 3r)
= (5p)2 – (3r)2
= 25p2 – 9r2

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   Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2

5. (a) (a + b)(a – b) – a(a – 2b) (e) (i) Hasil tambah luas jubin
Sum of the area of tiles x x
= a2 – b2 – a2 + 2ab
= –b2 + 2ab = x + x + xy + xy
2 2
x x2 x2
= 2x2 + 2xy
(b) (3r + s)² + s(r + 3s)
= 9r² + 6rs + s2 + rs + 3s2 (x + y)2 = (x + y) × (x + y)
y xy xy
= 9r² + 7rs + 4s2 = x2 + xy + xy + y2
= x2 + 2xy + y2
(c) a + b + 8(a + b)
= a + b + 8a + 8b (x + y)2 ≠ 2x2 + 2xy. Maka, jubin algebra
= 9a + 9b yang dibuat adalah salah.
(x + y)2 ≠ 2x2 + 2xy. Thus, the algebraic tiles made
(d) (5 – 4n)² + 2(1 – n) is incorrect.
= 25 – 40n + 16n² + 2 – 2n
(ii) x y
= 27 – 42n + 16n²
x x 2 xy
(e) (g + 3h)2 + (3g + 4h)(4g – 3h)
= g2 + 6gh + 9h2 + 12g2 – 9gh + 16gh – 12h2
xy y2
= 13g2 + 13gh – 3h2 y

(f ) (3p – 2)² – p(5p – 1)

= 9p2 – 12p + 4 – 5p2 + p (x + y)2 = x2 + xy + xy + y2
= 4p² – 11p + 4 = x2 + 2xy + y2
(g) –x(x + 3y) – (x + y)² 7. (a)
= –x² – 3xy – (x² + 2xy + y²) 2
= – x2 – 3xy – x2 – 2xy – y² 1 3
= –2x² – 5xy – y²
2
Faktor
(h) 10k(7p + k) – p(p – 2k) 6x bagi 6x 6
51 Factors
= 2k(7p + k) – p(p – 2k) of 6x
= 14kp + 2k² – p² + 2kp 3x x
= 16kp + 2k² – p²
2x
6. (a) Baki/ Balance
= 5pq – p(q + 1) – q(p + 2) (b)
= 5pq – pq – p – pq – 2q 3
= 3pq – p – 2q 1 a
Baki yang diterima/ Balance received Faktor
= RM(3pq – p – 2q) bagi 3ab
3ab b
(b) Luas / Area (m2) Factors
= (6y + 2)(y) of 3ab
= 6y2 + 2y ab 3a
(c) Luas kawasan berlorek 3b
Area of shaded region
= Luas ABCD – Luas EFCG 8. (a) 8y = 1 × 8y 8y2 = 1 × 8y2
 Area of ABCD – Area of EFCG
2 × 4y 2 × 4y2
= (9x + 4)(5y + 1) – (3x)(2y)
4 × 2y 4 × 2y2
= 45xy + 9x + 20y + 4 – 6xy
8 × y 8 × y2
= (39xy + 9x + 20y + 4) cm2
y × 8y
(d) Luas rangka kayu yang digunakan 2y × 4y
Area of the wooden frame used
= 2 × Luas trapezium /  Area of trapezium Faktor sepunya/ Common factors:
1 1, 2, 4, 8, y, 2y, 4y dan/ and 8y
=2×
2× (5x + 8) × (x + 2) Hukum Kalis Sekutuan
Associative Law (b) 15ef = 1 × 3 × 5 × e × f
= 5x2 + 10x + 8x + 16 9df = 1 × 3 × 3 × d × f
= (5x2 + 18x + 16) cm2 30f 2 = 1 × 2 × 3 × 5 × f × f
Faktor sepunya/ Common factors:
1, 3 dan/ and f

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2 

9. (a) 14p, 28pq (h) 27m2 – 75

14 14p, 28pq = 3(9m2 – 25)
= 3[(3m)2 – 52]
p p, 2pq = 3(3m + 5)(3m – 5)
1, 2q
(i) 243g3 – 48g
FSTB/ HCF = 14p = 3g(81g2 – 16)
(b) 5k2lm, 25kl 2m = 3g[(9g)2 – 42]
= 3g(9g + 4)(9g – 4)
5 5k2lm, 25kl 2m
k k2lm, 5kl 2m 11. (a) p2 – 4p – 12
= (p + 2)(p – 6)
l klm, 5l 2m
m km, 5lm p +2 +2p
(×) (+)
p –6 –6p
  k, 5l
p2 –12 –4p
FSTB/ HCF = 5klm
10. (a) 14m + 21m2 (b) 6m2 – m – 2
= (3m – 2)(2m + 1)
7 14m + 21m2
m 2m + 3m2 3m –2 –4m
(×) (+)
2m +1 +3m
 2   + 3m
6m2 –2 –m
FSTB/ HCF = 7m
Maka / Thus, 7m(2 + 3m) (c) –6x2 – 7x + 5
(b) 16y – 64y
2
= (–3x – 5)(2x – 1)
16 16y2 – 64y –3x –5 –10x
(×) (+)
y  y2 – 4y  2x –1 +3x
 y   – 4 –6x2 +5 –7x

FSTB/ HCF = 16y (d) k2 – 12k + 36
Maka / Thus, 16y(y – 4) = (k – 6)2
(c) 15p2q – 21pq2 k –6 –6k
(×) (+)
3 15p2q – 21pq2 k –6 –6k
p 5p2q – 7pq2 k2 +36 –12k
q  5pq – 7q2 (e) 8t2 + 29t – 12
 5p  – 7q = (8t – 3)(t + 4)

FSTB/ HCF = 3pq 8t –3 –3t
(×) (+)
Maka / Thus, 3pq(5p – 7q)  t +4 +32t
(d) 81x2 – 100 8t2 –12 29t
= (9x)2 – 102 (f ) ab + ac + bd + cd
= (9x + 10)(9x – 10) = (ab + ac) + (bd + cd)
(e) 25a2 – 36 = a(b + c) + d(b + c)
= (5a)2 – 62 = (b + c)(a + d)
= (5a + 6)(5a – 6) (g) pq – p2 + 3q – 3p
(f ) 169u – 225
2
= (pq – p2) + (3q – 3p)
= (13u)2 – 152 = p(q – p) + 3(q – p)
= (13u + 15)(13u – 15) = (q – p)(p + 3)
(g) 16z2 – 100 (h) bm – bn + cm – cn
= 4(4z2 – 25) = (bm – bn) + (cm – cn)
= 4[(2z)2 – 52] = b(m – n) + c(m – n)
= 4(2z + 5)(2z – 5) = (m – n)(b + c)

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   Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2

(i) wp – hp – wq + hq 2p + 7q
=
= (wp – hp) – (wq – hq) p – 2q
= p(w – h) – q(w – h)
= (w – h)(p – q) (d) 4m – 3n + 3m + 4n
2m + 3n 2m + 3n
(j) 3h2 + 12h – 2hk – 8k
= (3h2 + 12h) – (2hk + 8k) = 4m – 3n + 3m + 4n
= 3h(h + 4) – 2k(h + 4) 2m + 3n
= (h + 4)(3h – 2k) = 7m + n
2m + 3n
12. (a) 4x2 – 12x + 9
= (2x – 3)(2x – 3) 3n + 5n
(e)
Panjang sisi padang = (2x – 3) m 12m2 4m2
= 3n 2 + 5n2× 3
Side length of field
Perimeter = 4(2x – 3) 12m 4m × 3
= (8x – 12) m = 3n + 15n
(b) n2 – 1 = (n + 1)(n – 1) 12m2
Beza umur = 18n2
Difference in ages 12m
= n + 1 – (n – 1) = 3n2
= n + 1 – n + 1 2m
=2
(f ) 3h – 7h
2 2

(c) Bilangan Harga 2k 10k

buah/ sebiji/
= 3h × 5 – 7h
2 2
Buah/ Fruit Price per
RM
Number of 2k × 5 10k
fruits (RM)
= 15h – 7h
2 2
Oren/ Orange 10 y 10y 10k
Epal/ Apple 8 y – 0.1 8(y – 0.1)
= 8h
2
Pear/ Pear 5 y + 0.5 5(y + 0.5) 10k
Jumlah bayaran = 10y + 8(y – 0.1) + 5(y + 0.5)
= 4h
2
Total payment
= 10y + 8y – 0.8 + 5y + 2.5 5k
= RM(23y + 1.7)
(d) (i) 300xy – 150x + 900y – 450 c – 3
(g)
= 150(2xy – x + 6y – 3) 5d 4c
= 150[x(2y – 1) + 3(2y – 1)] = c × 4c – 3 × 5d
= 150(x + 3)(2y – 1) 5d × 4c 4c × 5d
= 4c – 15d
2
Dimensi jubin / Dimension of a tile
20cd
= (x + 3) m × (2y – 1) m
(ii) 150 keping jubin / tiles (h) 1 + 5
7z 6z
(e) (80 – 1)(80 + 1) = 802 – 12
= 6 400 – 1 = 1 × 6 + 5 × 7
7z × 6 6z × 7
= 6 399
13. (a) (h + k)(h – k) – (h2 + k2) = 6 + 35
42z
= h2 – k2 – h2 – k2 41
= –2k2 =
42z
(b) (p + q)2 + (2p + 3q)(3p – 2q)
= p2 + 2pq + q2 + 6p2 – 4pq + 9pq – 6q2 p – 3p
(i)
= 7p2 + 7pq – 5q2 6q 10qr
= p × 5r – 3p × 3
(c) 3p + 2q – p – 5q 6q × 5r 10qr × 3
p – 2q p – 2q
= 5pr – 9p
3p + 2q – p + 5q 30qr
=
p – 2q

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2 

3 + n
(j)
2mn 6m2 2
(b) (m2 + 2m + 1) ÷ (m2 – 1) –
= 3 × 3m + n × n m+1
2mn × 3m 6m2 × n
= 9m +2 n
2
m2 + 2m + 1 2
6m n = –
m2 – 1 m+1

14. (a) 3m × m2 + m – 6 m2 + 2m + 1 2(m – 1)

= –
m2 – 9 6m2 (m + 1)(m – 1) (m + 1)(m – 1)
   1 1
3m m2 + 2m + 1 – 2m + 2
= × (m – 2)(m + 3) =
m2 – 1
(m – 3)(m + 3) 6m2
1 2m
m2 + 3
= (m – 2) =
m2 – 1
2m(m – 3)

(b)
p2 + p
×
q+2 (c) 2px + qx + 2py + qy ÷ 8p2 + 4q
2pq + 4p 3p + 3 10x + 10y x – y2

= x(2p + q) + y(2p + q) × (x + y)(x – y)
1
p(p + 1) 1 q+2 1
= × 10(x + y) 4(2p + q)
2p(q + 2) 3(p + 1)
1 1 1
1 1
= 1 = (x + y)(2p + q) × (x + y)(x – y)
6 10(x + y) 4(2p + q)
1 1

(c) 3q – 1 ÷ q – 5 = (x + y)(x – y)
3q – 21 4q – 28 40
   1
= x – y
2 2
= 3q – 1 × 4(q – 7) 40
3(q – 7) q–5
1

= 4(3q – 1)
3(q – 5)
Praktis Masteri 2
(y + 3)2 3y + 9
(d) ÷
16 – x2 8 – 2x
BAHAGIAN A
(y + 3)2 8 – 2x
= 2 2 ×
4 –x 3y + 9 1. −a(2b + 7)
(y + 3)(y + 3)
1
2(4 – x)
1 = −a(2b) + (−a)(7)
= × = −2ab − 7a
(4 + x)(4 – x) 1 3(y + 3) 1
2(y + 3) Jawapan / Answer: D
=
3(4 + x)
2. (3 − 4x)(8y − 2z)
15. (a) 4(p – q)2 × 6(p + q) ÷ 12(p2 – q2)
= 3(8y) + 3(−2z) + (−4x)(8y) + (−4x)(−2z)
4(p – q)2 × 6(p + q)
= = 24y − 6z − 32xy + 8xz
12(p2 – q2)
1 1 2 1 = −32xy − 6z + 24y + 8xz
4(p – q)(p – q) × 6(p + q)
=
12(p – q)(p + q) Jawapan / Answer: C
3 1 1
1
= 2(p – q) 3. (5k + 1)2 − 3(2 − 4k)
= 25k2 + 10k + 1 − 6 + 12k
= 25k2 + 22k − 5

Jawapan / Answer: C

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   Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2

4. 5a2 + 15a − 50 (b) (i) 36 – 4g2

= 5(a2 + 3a − 10) = 62 – (2g)2
= (6 + 2g)(6 – 2g)
= 5(a − 2)(a + 5)
(ii) 35ts –14tr –15ts + 6tr
a –2 –2a = 7t(5s –2r) – 3t(5s – 2r)
(×) a +5 5a (+) = (5s – 2r)(7t – 3t)
= 4t(5s – 2r)
a –10 3a
2

(m − 3) ( n − 5)
Jawapan / Answer: B (c) −
3m 7n
(m − 3) × 7n ( n − 5) × 3m
5. Luas / Area = −
3m × 7n 7n × 3m
= (3x − 1)(2x + 5) 7mn – 21n 3mn – 15m
= −
= 3x(2x) + 3x(5) + (−1)(2x) + (−1)(5) 21mn 21mn
7mn – 21n – 3mn + 15m
= 6x2 + 15x − 2x−5 =
21mn
= 6x2 + 13x − 5 4mn – 21n + 15m
=
21mn
Jawapan / Answer: C
3 1 2
10. (a) (i) m + 3 
− m
5
BAHAGIAN B 1 1 3
= m + m +  − m
3 3 5
6. 2 1 3
(a + b)2 (a + 3)(a − 3) = m + m + − m
2
3 9 5
1 1
a2 − 9 (a − b)(a − b) = m2 + m +
15 9

(a2 − b2) a2 + 2ab + b2 5k2 + 20k + 20 (k + 2)2

(ii) ÷
k2 − 4 2(k − 2)
a2 − 2ab + b2 (a − b)(a + b) 5(k + 4k + 4)
2
2(k − 2)
= ×
(k + 2)(k − 2) (k + 2)(k + 2)
7. 5(k + 2)(k + 2) 2(k – 2)
(p – q)(p + q) = p2 + q2 Betul Salah = ×
True False (k + 2)(k − 2) (k + 2)(k + 2)
Betul Salah 5 2
(p + q)(p – q) = p2 – q2 = ×
True False 1 k+2
Betul Salah 10
p2 – 2pq + q2 = (p + q)2 =
True False k+2
Betul Salah (b) (3 – p)(7 + p)
p2 + 2pq + q2 = (p + q)2 True False = 21 + 3p – 7p – p2
8. = 21 – 4p – p2
(c) Harga ketuhar (RM)
5mn 1
Price of the oven (RM)
5mn,
4
25m2n = × (4ℎ2 − 1)
2h – 1
4
= × (2ℎ − 1)(2ℎ + 1)
5n 5 2h – 1
= 4(2ℎ + 1)
5m Harga periuk nasi (RM)
Price of rice cooker (RM)
h+1
= × 4(2ℎ + 1)
BAHAGIAN C
4
= (ℎ + 1)(2ℎ + 1)
9. (a) 4a – 4a – 48
2
= 2ℎ2 + 3ℎ + 1
= 4(a2 – a – 12)
= 4(a − 4)(a + 3)

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 2  Bab 2 

Fokus KBAT (c) Perimeter ABCD/ Perimeter of ABCD

= 2(56) + 2(48)
(a) Luas ladang lembu/ Area of the cow farm = 208 m
= Luas ABCD – Luas AFE – Luas CDE
 Area of ABCD – Area of AFE – Area of CDE Bilangan pagar yang diperlukan
Number of fences needed
= (56 × 48) – 1 × 2x × (48 – 2x) – 1 × 48 × (56 – 2x)
   
2 2 = 208
6 1


= 2 688 – x(48 – 2x) – 24(56 – 2x)
= 2 688 – 48x + 2x2 – 1 344 + 48x
 5y + 2y 
= (2x2 + 1 344) m2 208
=
6×2 + 1×5
(b) EC2 = ED2 + DC2

5y × 2 2y × 5 

EC = 
(56 – 2x)2 + 482 = 208
17
=  
3 136 – 224x + 4x2 + 2 304 10y 
=  4x – 224x + 5 440
2
= 208 × 10y
=  4(x2 – 56x + 1 360) 17
= (2 x2 – 56x + 1 360 m = 122 6 y
17

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