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    History of International System PDF

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    Eula Marie D. Braza
    The document traces the history of the international system from 1648 to the present. It discusses how the Peace of Westphalia established modern notions of state sovereignty. In the 17th-18th centuries, the nation-state emerged and powerful states rose and fell, maintaining a balance of power. Nationalism in the 19th century allowed states to grow stronger. The unification of Germany and World War I transformed the system. After World War II, a bipolar system emerged between the U.S. and USSR. Since the Cold War, the system has become either unipolar or multipolar.

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    History of International System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Eula Marie D. Braza
    24 views12 pages
    The document traces the history of the international system from 1648 to the present. It discusses how the Peace of Westphalia established modern notions of state sovereignty. In the 17th-18th centuries, the nation-state emerged and powerful states rose and fell, maintaining a balance of power. Nationalism in the 19th century allowed states to grow stronger. The unification of Germany and World War I transformed the system. After World War II, a bipolar system emerged between the U.S. and USSR. Since the Cold War, the system has become either unipolar or multipolar.

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    History-of-International-System.pdf

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    The document traces the history of the international system from 1648 to the present. It discusses how the Peace of Westphalia established modern notions of state sovereignty. In the 17th-18th centuries, the nation-state emerged and powerful states rose and fell, maintaining a balance of power. Nationalism in the 19th century allowed states to grow stronger. The unification of Germany and World War I transformed the system. After World War II, a bipolar system emerged between the U.S. and USSR. Since the Cold War, the system has become either unipolar or multipolar.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views12 pages

    History of International System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Eula Marie D. Braza
    The document traces the history of the international system from 1648 to the present. It discusses how the Peace of Westphalia established modern notions of state sovereignty. In the 17th-18th centuries, the nation-state emerged and powerful states rose and fell, maintaining a balance of power. Nationalism in the 19th century allowed states to grow stronger. The unification of Germany and World War I transformed the system. After World War II, a bipolar system emerged between the U.S. and USSR. Since the Cold War, the system has become either unipolar or multipolar.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    History of

    International
    System
    Balatucan, Janelle S.
    Rebusio, Joviel V.
    International System
    States engage with one another in an
    environment.
    All states are considered to be sovereign, and
    some states are more powerful than others.
    The Peace of
    Westphalia (1648)
    In 1648, the Peace of Westphalia, which
    ended the Thirty Years’ War between
    Catholic states and Protestant states in
    western and central Europe, established our
    modern international system.
    The Peace of
    Westphalia (1648)
    The Peace of Westphalia is regarded as a
    milestone in the development toward
    tolerance and secularization.
    Shifting Balances of
    Power (1600–1800)
    In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the
    nation-state emerged as the dominant political unit of
    the international system. A series of powerful states
    dominated Europe, with the great powers rising and
    falling. Weaker states often banded together to
    prevent the dominant power from becoming too
    strong, a practice known as preserving the Balance Of
    Power.
    BALANCE OF POWER
    The posture and policy of a nation or group of nations
    protecting itself against another nation or group of nations
    by matching its power against the power of the other side.
    BALANCE OF POWER
    1. increasing their own power

    a 2. alliance

    d b
    c
    Emergence of Nationalism
    (1800-1945)
    The nineteenth century brought two major changes to the
    international system:

    1. Nationalism emerged as a strong force, allowing nation-states


    to grow even more powerful.
    2. Italy and Germany became unified countries, which altered
    the balance of military and economic power in Europe.
    The problems raised by the unification of Germany contributed to World
    War I (1914- 1918). In the aftermath of the war, the international system
    changed dramatically again. The major powers of Europe had suffered
    greatly, whereas the United States began to come out of its isolation and
    transform into a global power. At the same time, the end of the Ottoman
    and Austro-Hungarian empires created a series of new nations, and the
    rise of communism in Russia presented problems for other nations. These
    factors contributed to the Treaty of Versailles, the rise of Nazism and
    communism, and World War II (1939-1945)
    New World Orders (1945-
    Present)
    The end of World War II marked a decisive shift in the global
    system. After the war, only two great world powers remained:
    the United States and the Soviet Union. Although some other
    important states existed, almost all states were understood
    within the context of their relations with the two
    superpowers. This global system was called Bipolar because
    the system centered on two great powers.
    Since the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Soviet Union, the nature
    of the world has changed again. Only one superpower remains, leading
    some scholars to label the new international system Unipolar. Others
    point to the increasing economic power of some European and Asian
    states and label the new system Multipolar. To some extent, both terms
    are accurate. The United States has the world's most powerful military,
    which supports the unipolar view, but the U.S. economy is not as powerful,
    relative to the rest of the world, lending credence to the multipolar view.
    lesson learned:

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