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    The Brain and Neuropsychology: The Impact of Neurological Damage

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    Rianna Maria
    Neurological damage refers to any damage to the nervous system and can impact perception, thinking, and behavior. Visual agnosia is the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite intact vision, while prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can increase impulsiveness and aggression as this area is involved in impulse control and emotional regulation.

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    The Brain and Neuropsychology: The Impact of Neurological Damage

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    Rianna Maria
    17 views6 pages
    Neurological damage refers to any damage to the nervous system and can impact perception, thinking, and behavior. Visual agnosia is the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite intact vision, while prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can increase impulsiveness and aggression as this area is involved in impulse control and emotional regulation.

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    Neurological damage refers to any damage to the nervous system and can impact perception, thinking, and behavior. Visual agnosia is the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite intact vision, while prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can increase impulsiveness and aggression as this area is involved in impulse control and emotional regulation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views6 pages

    The Brain and Neuropsychology: The Impact of Neurological Damage

    Uploaded by

    Rianna Maria
    Neurological damage refers to any damage to the nervous system and can impact perception, thinking, and behavior. Visual agnosia is the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite intact vision, while prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can increase impulsiveness and aggression as this area is involved in impulse control and emotional regulation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    The Brain and

    Neuropsychology

    The impact of neurological damage


    Neurological damage
    Neurological damage refers to any kind of damage to parts of the nervous system.
    The proper functioning of the nervous system depends on the quality of the
    communication between the parts of the system.
    Sometimes the communication may be interrupted or damaged by injury (neuronal
    damage).
    The extent of the injury may vary from:
    - large scale brain injury (e.g. stroke)
    - small scale (a few neurons in a larger network are damaged and not working properly)
    Neurological damage can have a significant impact on perception, thinking and
    behaviour.
    Visual agnosia
    Agnosia refers to an inability to process sensory information.
    Often there is a loss of the ability to recognise familiar objects,
    persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is
    not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.
    Visual agnosia is an impairment in the recognition of visually
    presented objects. It is not due to a deficit in vision (acuity,
    visual field, and scanning), language, memory, or intellect.
    It may be a result of damage to the occipital or rearmost part of
    the parietal lobe.
    Symptoms:
    ➔ cannot identify/ recognise the objects they see
    ➔ may not recognise the colour of an object
    ➔ may not be able to recognise familiar places
    Watch: Visual agnosia (5 minutes) - recognise the symptoms
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ze8VVtBgK7A
    Prosopagnosia
    Prosopagnosia or ‘face blindness’ refers
    to a cognitive disorder in which the
    ability to recognize familiar faces,
    including one's own face
    (self-recognition), is impaired, while
    other aspects of visual processing (e.g.,
    object discrimination) and intellectual
    functioning remain intact.
    The eyes send the information about the
    face to the brain, but the brain is unable
    to recognise the face, even when the
    person is well-known to the patient. Symptoms:
    Prosopagnosia can be caused by ➔ Difficulty or inability to identify people from their faces
    damage to the fusiform face area area ➔ Cannot tell faces apart
    of the brain, a part of the temporal lobe ➔ Can read and recognise people’s voices
    which is specialised in face recognition. Watch: Living with face blindness (15 minutes)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vQGPcYfIAo
    The impact of damage to the prefrontal cortex
    The prefrontal cortex is involved in:
    - impulse control
    - emotional self-regulation
    Q: What would you expect to happen if this area of the brain is damaged?
    Answer: Increased impulsiveness and aggression
    Adrian Raine et al (1997) have found that there were differences in the prefrontal
    cortex activity between murderers and people who have not committed murders
    (murderers had less activity in the prefrontal cortex than non-murderers).
    Damage to the prefrontal cortex makes it difficult for people to control their
    emotions - their personality may change.
    Extension: Read the case of Phineas Gage (Classic Case Studies in Psychology)
    Sources and useful resources
    Edexcel GCSE (9-1) Psychology, Pearson - pages 88-89
    Edexcel GCSE (9-1) Psychology, Pearson - Topic Guide 4: The Brain and Neuropsychology

    Oliver Sacks - The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (page 9-24)
    Brain Injury Explanation website
    https://www.braininjury-explanation.com/consequences/invisible-consequences/agnosia

    Visual agnosia
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ze8VVtBgK7A

    Oliver Sacks: Face Blindness


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=22&v=k5bvnXYIQG8

    Living with face blindness


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vQGPcYfIAo

    Crime and violence the biology behind murder: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EcaDSJ1LplQ

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