Eye Defects and Latest Technological Solutions

10th grade
Eye Defects and Latest

Technological
Solutions
Science 10 Q4 Report
Presenter
Table of contents
01 02
Eye Defects, Latest
Diseases and Technological
Conditions Solutions
03 04
Ways to Prevent
the Infections Ending
caused by the
Human Eye
Let’s
Start!
01
Eye Defects,
Diseases and
Conditions
What are the types of Eye Defects?
- Astigmatism
- Macular Degeneration
- Cataract
- Glaucoma
- Diabetic Retinopathy
- Amblyopia
- Strabismus
- Presbyopia
- Myopia
- Hyperopia
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a defect wherein the light

rays entering the eye do not focus light
evenly to a single focal point on the
retina but instead scatter away. The light
rays in a way where some focus on the
retina and some focus in front of or
behind it. This happens because of
non-uniform curvature of the cornea;
resulting in a distorted or blurry vision at
any distance. Correction of astigmatism
can happen by using a special spherical
cylindrical lens.
Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) is an eye
disease that can blur your
central vision. It happens
when aging causes damage
to the macula — the part of
the eye that controls sharp,
straight-ahead vision. The
macula is part of the retina
(the light-sensitive tissue at
the back of the eye).
Cataract
A cataract is a cloudy area

in the lens of your eye (the
clear part of the eye that
helps to focus light).
Cataracts are very
common as you get older.
In fact, more than half of all
Americans age 80 or older
either have cataracts or
have had surgery to get rid
of cataracts.
Glaucoma
a group of eye diseases that

can cause vision loss and
blindness by damaging a
nerve in the back of your eye
called the optic nerve. The
symptoms can start so
slowly that you may not
notice them. The only way to
find out if you have
glaucoma is to get a
comprehensive dilated eye
exam.
Diabetic Retinopathy
is an eye condition that can

cause vision loss and
blindness in people who
have diabetes. It affects
blood vessels in the retina
(the light-sensitive layer of
tissue in the back of your
eye). If you have diabetes,
it's important to get a
comprehensive dilated eye
exam at least once a year.
Amblyopia
(also called lazy eye) is a

type of poor vision that
usually happens in just 1
eye but less commonly in
both eyes. It develops
when there's a breakdown
in how the brain and the
eye work together, and
the brain can't recognize
the sight from 1 eye.
Strabismus
Strabismus is a disorder
in which both eyes do not
line up in the same
direction. Therefore, they
do not look at the same
object at the same time.
The most common form
of strabismus is known as
"crossed eyes."
Presbyopia
a refractive error that makes

it hard for middle-aged and
older adults to see things up
close. It happens because the
lens (an inner part of the eye
that helps the eye focus)
stops focusing light correctly
on the retina (a
light-sensitive layer of tissue
at the back of the eye).
Myopia
Nearsightedness, or myopia,
as it is medically termed, is a
vision condition in which
people can see close objects
clearly, but objects farther
away appear blurred. Myopia
occurs if the eyeball is too
long or the cornea (the clear
front cover of the eye) is too
curved.
Hyperopia
Hyperopia, or
farsightedness, is a vision
condition in which distant
objects are usually seen
more clearly than close
ones. Hyperopia occurs due
to the shape of the eye and
its components; it is not just
a function of the aging of
the lens, which occurs with
presbyopia.
02
Latest Technological
Solutions
IOL Master 500
The IOLMaster 500

application is dedicated
to lowhassle biometry
and high-confidence IOL.
selection. Designed for
robustness, reliability and
exceptional system
integrity, the IOLMaster
500.
CALLISTO Eye
CALLISTO eye is one

component of the ZEISS
Cataract Suite, a family of
technologies designed to
work together seamlessly to
achieve excellent results in
cataract surgery, including
markerless toric IOL
alignment.
OPMI Lumera 700
an intuitive and versatile

instrument and its technical
equipment is among the
absolute top. It has a built-in
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) that allows non-invasive
insight into the deep layers and
internal structures of the eye.
This information is transmitted
using a color scale to a
three-dimensional 3D image.
Optical Coherence Tomography
Optical coherence
tomography (OCT) is a
noninvasive imaging method
that uses reflected light to
create pictures of the back of
your eye. It can be used to
diagnose and manage
diseases like
diabetes-related retinopathy
and glaucoma.
LASIK
(LASIK) can be an
alternative to glasses or
contact lenses. During
LASIK surgery, a special
type of cutting laser is
used to precisely change
the shape of the
dome-shaped clear
tissue at the front of your
eye (cornea) to improve
vision.
03
Ways to Prevent the Infections
caused by the Human Eye
There are
10 ways
How to prevent Eye Infections
1. Wash your hands regularly
2. Don’t touch your eyes
3. Do not share personal items
4. Stay hydrated
5. Always wear goggles while swimming
6. Get enough sleep
7. Clean your contact lenses daily
8. Report any negative changes or symptoms to your doctor immediately
9. Use eye drop
10. Just stay home
THANK YOU!
De Leon, Aaron Marcus R.

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10th grade

Eye Defects and Latest

Astigmatism is a defect wherein the light

A cataract is a cloudy area

a group of eye diseases that

is an eye condition that can

(also called lazy eye) is a

a refractive error that makes

The IOLMaster 500

CALLISTO eye is one

an intuitive and versatile

De Leon, Aaron Marcus R.

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