Nothing Gold Can Stay

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 2

About Robert Frost

Robert Frost (1874-1963) is regarded as one of the greatest American poets of the
twentieth century. And yet he didn’t belong to any particular movement: unlike his
contemporaries William Carlos Williams or Wallace Stevens he was not a modernist,
preferring more traditional modes and utilising a more direct and less obscure poetic
language. He famously observed of free verse, which was favoured by many modernist
poets, that it was ‘like playing tennis with the net down’.

Many of his poems are about the natural world, with woods and trees featuring
prominently in some of his most famous and widely anthologised poems (‘The Road Not
Taken’, ‘Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening’, ‘Birches’, ‘Tree at My Window’).
Elsewhere, he was fond of very short and pithy poetic statements: see ‘Fire and Ice’ and
‘But Outer Space’, for example.

LITERATURE: A Short Analysis of Robert Frost’s ‘Nothing Gold Can Stay’

By Dr Oliver Tearle (Loughborough University)

‘Nothing Gold Can Stay’ is one of Robert Frost’s shortest poems, and, along with ‘Fire and
Ice’, probably his best-known and most widely studied very short poem. The poem was
published in 1923, first of all in the Yale Review  and then, later the same year, in Frost’s
poetry collection New Hampshire. You can read ‘Nothing Gold Can Stay’ before proceeding
to our analysis below.

This ad Nothing Gold Can Stay


BY  RO BE RT FR OS T
Nature’s first green is gold,
Her hardest hue to hold.
Her early leaf’s a flower;
But only so an hour.
Then leaf subsides to leaf.
So Eden sank to grief,
So dawn goes down to day.
Nothing gold can stay.
 
will end in 4
 
First, a brief summary of the poem. In just eight lines, Robert Frost (1874-1963) offers a
fairly comprehensive view of the world, taking in the mutability of everything in it from the
leaves on the trees to the purest good that existed in Eden before the Fall. ‘Nothing lasts
forever’ might be a pale (or white gold?) paraphrase of Frost’s golden meaning.

We begin with what reads like almost a paradox: ‘Nature’s first green is gold’. Since nature
turns leaves both green and gold, there’s some initial uncertainty and ambiguity: is the
poet saying that nature’s green leaves in the spring are rare and precious like gold? This
seems likely.

The succession of aspirants in the second line, with the quadruple alliteration on ‘Her
hardest hue to hold’, seems sighingly to concede that the greenness of spring is thought
rare and precious to us (like gold) because we know it is short-lived and temporary:
nature’s green will give way to gold in the autumn. ‘Nothing Gold Can Stay’, then, is an
autumn poem.

The third and fourth lines elaborate on this: nature flowers beautifully in spring, but only
for ‘an hour’ or so. The phrase ‘leaf subsides to leaf’ seems confusing. How can a leaf
subside to  a leaf? Well, because a green leaf turns into a golden or brown leaf as autumn
comes on, nature changing its colours with the changing of the seasons. Then those leaves
will die altogether, falling from the trees and flowers onto the ground.

But in the next line’s reference to the Garden of Eden, Frost broadens the focus of this
short poem to take in questions of religion as well as nature: if the death of leaves each
autumn is a loss of paradise, then it is like that original paradise which we lost, according
to Christian tradition: the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. Of course,
these two ideas, religion and nature, are linked through Eden being a garden, full of
flowers (and leaves).

It’s possible here that Frost is summoning (without explicitly mentioning) the word ‘fall’,
which helps to provide further significance to the Eden reference: the leaves fall in the
autumn (a season known as ‘Fall’ in North America, of course, where Frost lived for much
of his life, aside for a few years in England), and it was the Fall of Adam and Eve that led to
their expulsion from Eden.

Having momentarily taken in the Biblical in this line, the focus of the penultimate line of
‘Nothing Gold Can Stay’ returns to the small: dawn ‘goes down’ to day, just as a green leaf
subsides to a gold or brown one. The final line, ‘Nothing gold can stay’, brings us back to
the poem’s title, whose enigmatic meaning is now clearer: nothing beautiful, rare, or
precious lasts for long.

But Frost’s choice of the auxiliary verb ‘can’ (rather than ‘will’, although many readers may
misremember the title of the poem as ‘Nothing Gold Will Stay’) suggests that this is the
way it’s meant to be: nature is not meant to be static.

SOURCE: https://interestingliterature.com/2020/05/robert-frost-nothing-gold-can-stay-
analysis/

You might also like