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    Fairchild World Grain May 2014

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    Umme Tasnim
    This document discusses pellet cooling systems and how to design them effectively. It describes how pellet cooling works through evaporative and convective processes. Several variables like air temperature, pellet moisture and size, and cooler design impact cooling performance. An effective system must cool products sufficiently while avoiding overdrying, and handle pellets gently to minimize fines. The document provides an example of designing a counter-flow cooler to cool 25 tons per hour of pellets using 10,000 cubic feet per minute of air, calculating velocities through the cooler and exhaust port. Ductwork design is also considered.

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    Fairchild World Grain May 2014

    Uploaded by

    Umme Tasnim
    14 views4 pages
    This document discusses pellet cooling systems and how to design them effectively. It describes how pellet cooling works through evaporative and convective processes. Several variables like air temperature, pellet moisture and size, and cooler design impact cooling performance. An effective system must cool products sufficiently while avoiding overdrying, and handle pellets gently to minimize fines. The document provides an example of designing a counter-flow cooler to cool 25 tons per hour of pellets using 10,000 cubic feet per minute of air, calculating velocities through the cooler and exhaust port. Ductwork design is also considered.

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    FairchildWorldGrainMay2014

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    This document discusses pellet cooling systems and how to design them effectively. It describes how pellet cooling works through evaporative and convective processes. Several variables like air temperature, pellet moisture and size, and cooler design impact cooling performance. An effective system must cool products sufficiently while avoiding overdrying, and handle pellets gently to minimize fines. The document provides an example of designing a counter-flow cooler to cool 25 tons per hour of pellets using 10,000 cubic feet per minute of air, calculating velocities through the cooler and exhaust port. Ductwork design is also considered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views4 pages

    Fairchild World Grain May 2014

    Uploaded by

    Umme Tasnim
    This document discusses pellet cooling systems and how to design them effectively. It describes how pellet cooling works through evaporative and convective processes. Several variables like air temperature, pellet moisture and size, and cooler design impact cooling performance. An effective system must cool products sufficiently while avoiding overdrying, and handle pellets gently to minimize fines. The document provides an example of designing a counter-flow cooler to cool 25 tons per hour of pellets using 10,000 cubic feet per minute of air, calculating velocities through the cooler and exhaust port. Ductwork design is also considered.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    0 FEED OPERATIONS

    Pellet cooler functions


    Adjustments can be made to
    improve the cooling system
    by Fred Fairchild

    Pellet cooling is a dynamic process that involves simultane- Figure 1: Bad depth/uniformity
    ous heat and mass transfer between the pellets and the cool-
    ing air. Pellet cooling occ urs as a result of both evaporative Good
    cooling and convective cooling. Evaporative cooling is the

    cf ----- [)
    transfer of water from the pellets to the air which results in
    both moisture reduction and cooling in the pell ets. Convective
    cooling also occurs and depends on the temperature difference
    between the pellets and the air, the amount of pellet surface
    area, and the heat transfer coefficient.
    Pellet cooling system performance is affected by many vari-
    Poor
    ables. The first are variables found in the air being used and in-
    clude the air temperature and relative humidity, and the amount
    of air passing through the cooler. Pellet variables include the pel-
    let temperature, moisture content, pellet size and density, fines
    present, and pellet quantity and quality. Cooler variables include
    product bed depth, unifomlity of bed depth and system design.
    The cooling system must meet several requirements. It must
    be designed to effectively cool a range of products by removing Op-Flo counter-flow pellet cooler to cool the 25 tons per of
    enough heat and moisture for further handling or storage of the pellets requiring 10,000 cfm of air.
    pellets. But, it must also be able to do these tasks while avoid- The body of the cooler is round and is 86 inches in diameter.
    ing overdrying of the pellets. Removal of more moisture than The cross section area of the body is 40.2 square feet. ( A = n
    required results in removing extra mass (weight) that results in x r2) Diameter = 2r. Radius r = Diameter/2. Radius (r) for the
    losing selling weight. The cooling system itself must be reli- cooler body = 86in./2 = r = 43in.; we need to convert this into
    able and provide gentle handling of the pellets that minimizes feet = 43 in/(12 in. per foot) = r = 3.58 ft. n = 3. 14. The cooler
    creation offines in the process. ln some situations, counter-flow area= n x 3.582 = 40.2 square feet. Using the formula Q = V x
    coolers may be equipped with heat exchangers on the entering A, we find the velocity (V) of the air passing through the cooler.
    air to heat it so greater product drying may be accomplished. V = I 0,000 cfm/40.2 square feet = 249 feet per minute.
    Regardless of the cooler type - hotizontal, vertical or The exhaust port for the cooler is 10 inches x 36 inches.
    counter-flow - it is very important that the bed depth be Area = Width x Length = 10 x 36 = 360 square inches. You
    unifonn where ai r passes through the product to keep the air convert this to square feet by dividing by 144 square inches in
    flowing equally through all the product (see Figure I , right). a square foot. A = 3601144 = 2.5 square feet. The veloc ity of
    the air through the exhaust port would be V = QIA = 10,000
    COOLER SYSTEM DESIGN cfm/2 .5 square feet= 4,000 feet per minute.
    Assume that it is desired to cool 25 tons per hour of pellets. The same information may be used for any shaped cooler
    If we use 400 cubic feet per minute (CFM) of air per ton to and exhaust outlet to determine the velocities of the air.
    do the cooling, the amount of air needed is 25 x 400 = 10,000 The ductwork beyond the cooler is best when of round con-
    CFM. The quantity of air used and the cross section area of struction to eliminate any corners in the ductwork. For the
    the cooler and connecting duct work determine the velocity ductwork from the cooler described above, a rectangular to
    of the air. The velocity is deternlined by the formula Q = VA. round transition should be installed to convert the ductwork
    Q = Quantity of Air (CFM), V = Velocity of the air in feet to round. Again, you use the formula Q = V x A where Q =
    per minute (FPM), A = Cross-section area of the duct work in 10,000 cfm and V = 4000 fpm. A = QI A = 10,000/4,000 = 2.5
    Square Feet. square feet. Using the formula for a circle,
    Assume you are using a Bliss Industries model 10-202-6 A = n x r2, 2.5 = 3.14 r2, r2 = 2.5/3. 14 = 0.796, r = square root

    60 May 201 4 / World Grain I www.World-Grain.com

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