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On the off chance that the reflection is composed for the scholarly world—that is, it's anything
but an individual reflection or diary—extra highlights include:
Hypothesis: A scholarly reflection will coordinate speculations and other scholastic attempts to
clarify the reflection. For instance, an author may state: "Smith's hypothesis of social
commitment may clarify why I responded the manner in which I did."
Learning results: A scholastic reflection will remember editorial for how the author gained from
the experience, what they would have done any other way, or how their points of view or
sentiments have changed because of the experience.
Black Friday is an informal name for the Friday following Thanksgiving Day in the United
States, which is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. Many stores offer highly
promoted sales on Black Friday and open very early (sometimes as early as midnight or may
even start their sales at some time on Thanksgiving.
Black Friday has routinely been the busiest shopping day of the year in the United States at
least 2005, and possibly longer.
The earliest evidence of the phrase Black Friday originated in Philadelphia, where it was used by
police to describe the heavy pedestrian and vehicular traffic that would occur on the day after
Thanksgiving. This usage dates to at least 1961. As the phrase became more widespread, a
popular explanation became that this day represented the point in the year when retailers begin to
turn a profit, thus going from being "in the red" to being "in the black.
There have been reports of violence occurring between shoppers on Black Friday. Since 2006,
there have been 12 reported deaths and 117 injuries throughout the United States. It is common
for prospective shoppers to camp out over the Thanksgiving holiday in an effort to secure a
place in front of the line and thus a better chance at getting desired items. This poses a
significant safety risk, such as the use of propane and generators in the most elaborate cases, and
in general, the blocking of emergency access and fire lanes, causing at least one city to ban the
practice. Environmentalists cite one more adverse factor: discount deals encourage people to
purchase things they don't need, and this overproduction contributes to climate change.
Since the start of the 21st century, there have been attempts by retailers with origins in the
United States to introduce a retail "Black Friday" to other countries around the world. In several
countries, local retailers have attempted to promote the day to remain competitive with US-based
online retailers.
Origin of the term "Black Friday"
For centuries, the adjective "black" has been applied to days upon which calamities occurred.
Many events have been described as "Black Friday", although the most significant such event in
American History was the Panic of 1869, which occurred when financiers Jay Gould and James
Fisk took advantage of their connections with the Grant Administration in an attempt to corner
the gold market. When President Grant learned of this manipulation, he ordered the Treasury to
release a large supply of gold, which halted the run and caused prices to drop by eighteen
percent. Fortunes were made and lost in a single day, and the president's own brother-in-law,
Abel Corbin, was ruined.

The earliest known use of "Black Friday" to refer to the day after Thanksgiving occurred in the
journal, Factory Management and Maintenance, for November 1951, and again in 1952. Here it
referred to the practice of workers calling in sick on the day after Thanksgiving, in order to have
a four-day weekend. However, this use does not appear to have caught on. Around the same
time, the terms "Black Friday" and "Black Saturday" came to be used by the police in
Philadelphia and Rochester to describe the crowds and traffic congestion accompanying the
start of the Christmas shopping season. In 1961, the city and merchants of Philadelphia
attempted to improve conditions, and a public relations expert recommended re-branding the
days "Big Friday" and "Big Saturday"; but these terms were quickly forgotten.[7][8][14][15]
Use of the phrase spread slowly, first appearing in The New York Times on November 29, 1975,
in which it still refers specifically to "the busiest shopping and traffic day of the year" in
Philadelphia. Although it soon became more widespread, The Philadelphia Inquirer reported in
1985 that retailers in Cincinnati and Los Angeles were still unaware of the term.
As the phrase gained national attention in the early 1980s, merchants objecting to the use of a
derisive term to refer to one of the most important shopping days of the year suggested an
alternative derivation: that retailers traditionally operated at a financial loss for most of the year
(January through November) and made their profit during the holiday season, beginning on the
day after Thanksgiving.[7] When this was recorded in the financial records, once-common
accounting practices would use red ink to show negative amounts and black ink to show positive
amounts. Black Friday, under this theory, is the beginning of the period when retailers would no
longer be "in the red", instead taking in the year's profits.[7][16][17] The earliest known
published reference to this explanation occurs in The Philadelphia Inquirer for November 28,
1981.[18]
In more recent decades global retailers have adopted the term and date to market their own
holiday sales.[19]
History
The day after Thanksgiving has been regarded as the beginning of the United States Christmas
shopping season since 1952. The practice may be linked with the idea of Santa Claus parades.
Parades celebrating Thanksgiving often include an appearance by Santa at the end of the parade,
with the idea that "Santa has arrived" or "Santa is just around the corner" because Christmas is
always the next major holiday following Thanksgiving.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many Santa or Thanksgiving Day parades were
sponsored by department stores. These included the Toronto Santa Claus Parade, in Canada,
sponsored by Eaton's, and the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade sponsored by Macy's.
Department stores would use the parades to launch a big advertising push. Eventually, it just
became an unwritten rule that no store would try doing Christmas advertising before the parade
was over. Therefore, the day after Thanksgiving became the day when the shopping season
officially started.
Thanksgiving Day's relationship to Christmas shopping led to controversy in the 1930s. Retail
stores would have liked to have a longer shopping season, but no store wanted to break with
tradition and be the one to start advertising before Thanksgiving. For this reason, in 1939,
President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a presidential proclamation proclaiming Thanksgiving to
be the fourth Thursday in November rather than the last Thursday, meaning in some years one

week earlier, in order to lengthen the Christmas shopping season.[20] Most people adopted the
President's change, which was later reinforced by an act of Congress, but many continued to
celebrate Thanksgiving Day on the traditional date.[20] Some started referring to the new date as
Franksgiving.
In 2015, Amazon.com was the first to offer "Black Friday in July" deals on what they called
"Prime Day", promising better deals than on Black Friday. Amazon repeated the practice in 2016
and 2017, and other companies began offering similar deals
Analyst Marshal Cohen of The NPD Group claimed in 2020 that Black Friday is declining in
favor of online shopping, and that the coronavirus pandemic has accelerated this process. The
pandemic also resulted in holiday deals being offered over a longer period of time, even as early
as October.[22] Fewer people shopped in person on Black Friday 2020, and most business took
place online. Market research company Numerator said sellers of clothing, tools and other items
considered nonessential during lockdowns were not promoted as heavily because lower
production meant less available to sell.[23] Adobe Analytics reported that online sales reached
$9 billion in 2020, 22% more than the previous year. Foot traffic to stores fell 48% in 2020
from last year, according to RetailNext, while Sensormatic Solutions reported a 52% decrease.
[24]
"Black Thursday"
For many years, retailers pushed opening times on Black Friday earlier and earlier, eventually
reaching midnight, before opening on the evening of Thanksgiving. In 2009, Kmart opened at 7
pm on Thanksgiving, in order to allow shoppers to avoid Black Friday traffic and return home
in time for dinner with their families. Two years later, a number of retailers began opening at 8
pm or 9 pm, on what became derisively known as "Black Thursday". In subsequent years, other
stores have followed this trend, opening earlier and earlier on Thanksgiving Day, or remaining
open all day, beginning in the early morning hours.[25][26] Some retail and media sources have
used the terms "Gray Thursday" or "Brown Thursday" instead.
The 2014 "Black Thursday" sales were generally a failure, as overall sales for the holiday
weekend fell 11% compared to the previous year despite heavy traffic at the stores on
Thanksgiving night.[30] In response, a number of retailers decided to go back to closing on
Thanksgiving for 2015, and Walmart, although it is holding firm opening on the holiday and
holding its sale, also pledged to offer the same deals online for those who wished to stay
home.[31]
Most retailers abandoned efforts to hold doorbuster sales on Thanksgiving in 2020; large crowds
have been forbidden under most circumstances since March due to the ongoing COVID-19
pandemic, major retailers such as Walmart and Target had already reduced their hours and
dropped 24/7 operations in response to the pandemic, and several retailers known for opening on
the holiday (particularly Kmart, which has typically been open regular hours) have rapidly
declined.[32] According to Adobe Analytics, online shopping set a record on Thanksgiving Day
2020 with $5.1 billion in total spending, 21.5 percent higher than in 2019.
Black Friday shoppers in the morning at Walmart store in Durham, North Carolina

Black Friday is not an official holiday in the United States, but California and some other states
observe "The Day After Thanksgiving" as a holiday for state government employees. It is
sometimes observed in lieu of another federal holiday, such as Columbus Day. Many non-retail
employees and schools have both Thanksgiving and the following Friday off. Along with the
following regular weekend, this makes Black Friday weekend a four-day weekend, which is said
to increase the number of potential shoppers.
The SouthPark neighborhood of Charlotte, North Carolina, is the most trafficked area of the
United States on Black Friday.[33][34]
Black Friday is a shopping day for a combination of reasons. As the first day after the last
major holiday before Christmas, it marks the unofficial beginning of the Christmas shopping
season.
Additionally, many employers give their employees the day off as part of the Thanksgiving
holiday weekend. In order to take advantage of this, virtually all retailers in the country, big
and small, offer various sales including limited amounts of "doorbuster" items to entice traffic.
For many years, it was common for retailers to open at 6 a.m, but in the late 2000s many opened
at 4 am - 5 am. The early 2010s have seen retailers extend beyond normal hours in order to
maintain an edge or to simply keep up with the competition. In 2010, Toys 'R' Us began their
Black Friday sales at 10 pm on Thanksgiving Day and further upped the ante by offering free
boxes of Crayola crayons and coloring books for as long as supplies lasted. Other retailers, like
Sears, Express, MK, Victoria's Secret, Zumiez, Tillys, American Eagle Outfitters, Nike, Jordan,
Puma, Aéropostale, and Kmart, began Black Friday sales early Thanksgiving morning and ran
them through as late as 11 pm Friday evening. Forever 21 went in the opposite direction, opening
at normal hours on Friday, and running late sales until 2 am Saturday morning.[35][36] In 2011,
when several retailers (including Target, Kohl's, Macy's, Best Buy, and Bealls)[2] opened at
midnight for the first time.[37] In 2012, Walmart and several other retailers announced that they
would open most of their stores at 8 pm on Thanksgiving Day, prompting calls for a walkout
among some workers.[38] In 2014, stores such as JCPenney, Best Buy, and Radio Shack opened
at 6 pm on Thanksgiving Day while stores such as Target, Walmart, Belk, and Sears opened at 7
pm on Thanksgiving Day.[39][40] Three states—Rhode Island, Maine, and Massachusetts—
prohibit large supermarkets, big box stores, and department stores from opening on
Thanksgiving, due to what critics refer to as blue laws.[41][42][43] The Massachusetts ban on
forcing employees to work on major holidays is not a religion-driven "blue law" but part of the
state's Common Day of Rest Law.[44] A bill to allow stores to open on Thanksgiving Day was
the subject of a public hearing on July 8, 2017.[45]
Historically, it was common for Black Friday sales to extend throughout the following weekend.
However, this practice has largely disappeared in recent years, perhaps because of an effort by
retailers to create a greater sense of urgency.
The news media usually give heavy play to reports of Black Friday shopping and their
implications for the commercial success of the Christmas shopping season, but the relationship
between Black Friday sales and retail sales for the full holiday season is quite weak and may
even be negative.[46]
In 2014, spending volume on Black Friday fell for the first time since the 2008 recession. $50.9
billion was spent during the four-day Black Friday weekend, down 11% from the previous year.
However, the U.S. economy was not in a recession. Christmas creep has been cited as a factor
in the diminishing importance of Black Friday, as many retailers now spread out their
promotions over the entire months of November and December rather than concentrate them on
a single shopping day or weekend.[47]
On April 23, 2014, ".blackfriday" joined a growing list of ICANN top-level domains (such as—
traditionally—.com, .net, and .org).[48][49]
In 2015, Neil Stern of McMillan Doolittle said, "Black Friday is quickly losing its meaning on
many fronts," because many stores opened on Thanksgiving, and a lot of sales started even
earlier than that. Online shopping also made the day less important.[50] A Gallup poll in 2012
has shown that only 18% of American adults approve of Black Friday, which is significantly
lower than the percentage of American adults who approve of the controversial holiday
Columbus Day, which is at 58%.[51][52]
Canada
See also: Boxing Day § Shopping
The large population centers on Lake Ontario and the Lower Mainland in Canada have always
attracted cross-border shopping into the US states, and as Black Friday (French: Vendredi Noir)
became more popular in the US, Canadians often flocked to the US because of their lower prices
and a stronger Canadian dollar. After 2001, many were traveling for the deals across the border.
Starting in 2008 and 2009, due to the parity of the Canadian dollar compared with the American
dollar, several major Canadian retailers ran Black Friday deals of their own to discourage
shoppers from leaving Canada.
The year 2012 saw the biggest Black Friday to date in Canada, as Canadian retailers embraced
it in an attempt to keep shoppers from travelling across the border.[55]
Before the advent of Black Friday in Canada, the most comparable holiday was Boxing Day
in terms of retailer impact and consumerism. Black Fridays in the US seem to provide deeper
or more extreme price cuts than Canadian retailers, even for the same international retailer.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the term "Black Friday" originated within the Police and NHS to refer to
the Friday before Christmas. It is the day when emergency services activate contingency plans to
cope with the increase in workload due to many people going out drinking on the last Friday
before Christmas. Contingencies can include setting up mobile field hospitals near City Centre
nightspots.[56] The term has then been adopted outside those services to refer to the evening and
night of the Friday immediately before Christmas, and would now be considered a mainstream
term and not simply as jargon of the emergency services.

Traditionally, Boxing Day had been considered the biggest shopping day of the year in the UK.
In the 2010s, several American-owned retailers such as Amazon and Asda, began to hold U.S.-
style Black Friday promotions; in 2014, more British retailers began to adopt the concept,
including Argos, John Lewis, and Very. That year, police forces were called to shops across
Britain to deal with crowd control issues, assaults, threatening customers, and traffic issues.[57]
[58] In response to incidents at branches of Tesco, Greater Manchester Police's deputy chief
constable Ian Hopkins said shoppers had behaved in an "appalling" fashion, and criticized shops
for not making adequate security arrangements to ensure the safety of customers."[59] Following
these incidents, some retailers began to discontinue or heavily modify their promotions, with
Asda stating that it would not hold all of its sales across a single day.[60][61][62]
In 2016, total spending on online retail sites on Black Friday was £1.23 billion, a 2.2% year-
over-year increase over 2015.[63][64] In 2017, UK retail sales in November grew faster than
in December for the first time [65][66]
In Welsh, Black Friday is known as 'Dydd Gwener y Gwario Gwirion' (Silly Spending
Friday). [67]
Mexico
In Mexico, Black Friday was the inspiration for the government and retailing industry to create
an annual weekend of discounts and extended credit terms, El Buen Fin, meaning "the good
weekend" in Spanish.[68] El Buen Fin has been in existence since 2011 and takes place on
November in the weekend prior to the Monday in which the Mexican Revolution holiday is
pushed from its original date of November 20, as a result of the measure taken by the
government of pushing certain holidays to the Monday of their week in order to avoid the
workers and students to make a "larger" weekend (for example, not attending in a Friday after
a Thursday holiday, thus making a four-day weekend). On this weekend, major retailers extend
their store hours[69] and offer special promotions, including extended credit terms and price
promotions.
Romania
The concept was imported in Romania by eMAG [ro] and Flanco in 2011 and became bigger
each year. The two reported the biggest Black Friday sales in 2014. eMAG sold products worth
some 37 million euros while Flanco's sales totaled 22 million euros. Hundreds of retailers
announced their participation in the 2015 campaign.[70]
In 2015, 11 million Romanians say they have heard about Black Friday which is 73% of the 15
million people target segment. 6.7 million plan on buying something on biggest shopping
event of the year in Romania.[71]
In Romania, Black Friday is one week before the US Black Friday.
India

Black Friday is little known in India, as its shopping seasons are different. The busiest times for
shopping in India (and hence the times with the biggest discounts) tend to be Diwali, followed by
regional festivals like Ugadi, Dussehra, and Pongal in South India, Ganeshotsav in Maharashtra,
Baisakhi in Punjab and Onam in Kerala. Over the past decade, Independence day sales (on 15
August) have become a large attraction, though most sales in India last for a period of one week.
[72]
The growing number of e-commerce websites and large retail shopping centers has contributed
to such sales. The big e-commerce retailers in India are trying to emulate the concept of
shopping festivals from the United States like Black Friday and Cyber Monday. Flipkart,
Snapdeal and Amazon have been offering discounted products on the major festivals in India.
December witnesses the Great Online Shopping Festival (also called GOSF) for three days
where people shop from all the major e-commerce players and large FMCG brands. From 2015,
Google has now stopped the GOSF.[73] The aim was to bring leading e-commerce players on a
single platform and boost online shopping in India. Survey[74] during GOSF 2014 suggests that
90% of consumers were satisfied with the exclusive discounts offered in GOSF. According to
Google Trends, the interest for Black Friday is rising every year. Comparing the search volume
of the term Black Friday in November 2012 and November 2013, the increase is almost 50
percent (22,200 is the search volume in November 2012 and 33,100 is the search volume in
November 2013, according to the Google Adwords).
France
French businesses are slowly introducing the Black Friday custom into the market.[75]
Discounts of up to 85% were given by retailing giants such as Apple and Amazon in 2014.[76]
French electronics retailers such as FNAC and Auchan advertised deals online, while Darty also
took part in this once-a-year monster sale. Retailers favored the very American term "Black
Friday" to "Vendredi noir" in their advertisements.[77] In 2016, because of the terror attacks in
Paris in November the year before, some retailers used the name "Jour XXL" (XXL day) instead
of Black Friday.[78] An alternative was brought up by some online businesses in 2018, called
"French Days",[79] which goal is to replicate Black Friday during spring season (starting around
the first day of May).
On November 20, 2020, the French government finalized an agreement with e-commerce
businesses like Amazon and supermarket chains to postpone Black Friday promotions by a week.
Discounted shopping promotions were to begin on December 4 instead, after physical stores
shuttered during the COVID-19 pandemic were allowed to reopen.[80]
Germany
In Germany, "Black Friday" retailer advertisements refer to "Black Week" and "Black
Shopping" in English with sales lasting an entire week (excluding Sundays when most retail
stores are closed). During this sales period, stores keep their normal working hours. Although
goods are offered at reduced prices, the prices are not cut significantly more than normal weekly
price reductions. Apple was the first company to run a special Black Friday campaign for the
German market in 2006.[81] Apple never used the name Black Friday in Germany, but promotes
only a "one-day shopping event".[82] In the first years, mostly internet retailers have used the
event as
an occasion to attract new customers with discounts, but bricks and mortar stores have already
begun to adapt the shopping event. For the first time ever, German customers spent more than €1
billion during the Black Friday weekend in 2016: According to a Centre for Retail Research
study, German customers spend around €1.3 billion ($1.54 billion) during the four days from
Black Friday to Cyber Monday 2016.[83] In Germany the term Black Friday has been registered
as a wordmark since December 2013.[84]
Switzerland
In 2015, Swiss retailer Manor was the first to launch a special Black Friday promotion. The year
after, most Swiss retailers launched special offers during the Black Friday Week. It is estimated
that customers spent around 400 million Swiss Francs on Black Friday 2018. In recent years,
Singles Day got more and more important in Switzerland. This shopping day could replace
Black Friday as the most important shopping day in Switzerland in 2019[85]
Australia
In Australia the term Black Friday refers not to shopping at all but to the devastating Black
Friday bushfires which occurred in Victoria 1938-39. Only recently, has it been promoted as a
shopping day in Australia by in-store and online retailers. In 2011, Online Shopping USA hosted
an event on Twitter. Twitter users had to use the hashtag #osublackfriday, which allowed them to
follow along and tweet their favourite deals and discounts from stores.[86] In 2013, Apple
extended its Black Friday deals to Australia. Purchasing online gave customers free shipping and
free iTunes gift cards with every purchase. The deals were promoted on its website, reading
"Official Apple Store—One day Apple shopping event Friday, November 29".[87] Australia
Post's ShopMate parcel-forwarding service allows Australian customers to purchase products
with "Black Friday" deals from the US and get them shipped to Australia. In addition to this,
numerous stores in the country run Black Friday promotions in-store and online throughout the
country.[88]
Other countries
Black Friday started picking up in New Zealand around 2013. In 2015, major retailers such as
The Warehouse, Noel Leeming and Harvey Norman offered Black Friday sales,[89] and by
2018 were joined by Farmers, JB Hi-Fi, Briscoes and Rebel Sport. Paymark, which processes
around 75 percent of New Zealand's electronic transactions, recorded $219 million NZD
(US$151 million) of transactions on Black Friday 2017, up over 10 percent from the previous
year.[90]
In Norway, Black Friday started as a publicity stunt campaign back in 2010 to increase the sales
to the shopping mall Norwegian Outlet. Since the introduction, it has been promoted every year
in a larger and growing market all over the country.[91]
Black Friday is known as Viernes Negro in Costa Rica.[92] In Panama, Black Friday was first
celebrated in 2012, as a move from the Government to attract local tourism to the country's
capital city. During its first year, it was believed to have attracted an inflow of about 35,000
regional tourists according to the government's immigration census.

In South Africa, Russia, Austria and Switzerland, Black Friday Sale is a joint sales initiative by
hundreds of online vendors—among them Zalando, Disney Store, Galeria Kaufhof and Sony.
Over its first 24-hour run on November 28, 2013, more than 1.2 million people visited the site,
making it the single largest online shopping event in German-speaking countries. There has been
growing interest for Black Friday in Poland as well.
2014 marked the introduction in Bolivia,[93] Colombia, Denmark, Italy, Finland, France,[94]
Ireland,[95] Lebanon, Nigeria, South Africa and Sweden.[96]
For Middle East, UAE Black Friday started as White Friday campaign in 2014.
In 2015, Spain joined with some small retailers. The celebration became more famous year by
year, until the big retailers grew.
In the Netherlands, Black Friday was seriously introduced in 2015. Some years before, there
were already a number of large and small retailers that used Black Friday in their marketing.
However, with a total of 35 participating stores, 2015 can be considered the year in which Black
Friday started in the Netherlands due to more widespread support of large retailers. The
popularity of Black Friday has grown rapidly in the Netherlands. The number of participating
stores has increased to over 125 during the Black Friday period of 2017. For the 2018 edition,
166 shops joined the largest black Friday platform in the Netherlands.[97]
In 2016, Black Friday was introduced in Poland, Greece and Ukraine.[98]
Black Friday in Belgium is seriously marketed by retailers since 2016. Especially online shops
have broke sales records during the last edition of Black Friday, which provides a base for
further growth of popularity of Black Friday in Belgium. After 2016, Black Friday in Belgium
has grown strongly. The participating shops have increased to over 70 during the Black Friday
period of 2017. During Black Friday 2018, a total of 119 participating stores were measured in
Belgium.[99]
In 2017, Black Friday became widely popular in Latvia. There was even a Black week and
Black weekend sales in shopping centres.
Black Friday has been increasingly adopted by stores in Brazil since 2010,[100] although not
without its share of inflated prices and other scams, especially in its earlier years, earning the
nickname "Black Fraude"[101] (Black Fraud) or also "Black Furadei", which comes from the
slang word "furada", meaning a "jam" or tough situation, usually involving money. It is also
common to hear Brazilian people say that prices on Brazilian Black Friday are "half of the
double". However, currently, the term "Black Friday" has become so popular in the country that
stores have been under closer scrutiny from consumers and cases of known scams have been
reduced greatly

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Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

In Romania, Black Friday is one week before the US Black Friday.

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

Skilling.pk WhatsApp: 03324646739 Diya.pk

In 2016, Black Friday was introduced in Poland, Greece and Ukraine.[98]

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