Problem (3.1) : F D' B D e B
Problem (3.1) : F D' B D e B
Problem (3.1) : F D' B D e B
PROBLEM (3.1) A rigid bar BDE is supported by two links AB and CD as shown in Fig. P3.1.
After load P is applied, point E moves 2.4mm downward and the axial strain in bar AB equals -500 .
What is the axial strain in bar CD?
SOLUTION
B’
0.4 mm F D From triangles DD’F and EE’F:
B E
D
D’
2.4 mm
Thus
x
E’
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PROBLEM (3.2) A spherical balloon changes its diameter from 200 to 201 mm when
pressurized. Determine the average circumferential strain.
SOLUTION
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PROBLEM (3.3) A hollow cylinder is subjected to an internal pressure that increases its 200
mm inner diameter by 0.5 mm and its 400 mm outer diameter by 0.3 mm. Calculate:
(a) The maximum normal strain in the circumferential direction.
(b) The average normal strain in the radial direction.
SOLUTION
(a)
3-1
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.4) A prismatic bar of length L is subjected to an axial load P, as shown in Fig.
P3.4. Calculate the maximum strain , if the displacement along the member varies as follows:
(a) u = ( /L) .
(b) u = L( ) sin ( x/2L).
SOLUTION
(a)
At x=L:
(b)
At x=0:
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PROBLEM (3.5) A horizontal rod AB is supported and loaded by a force P as seen in Fig.
P3.5. Determine the permissible normal strains in the wires CE and DF, if the allowable vertical
displacement of end B is 1/8 in.
Assumption: Rod AB is rigid.
Geometry:
Solving,
F
Normal Strains: E
50 in.
35 in.
3-2
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PROBLEM (3.6) The structure shown in Fig. P3.5 consists of a horizontal rod AB supported by
two vertical wires (CE and DE) and by a pin at A. What is the the allowable vertical displacement
of the end B, if the permissible normal strain in each wire is = 1500 ?
Assumption: Rod AB is rigid.
SOLUTION
A C D B
40 in. 20 in. 20 in.
Also
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PROBLEM (*3.7) The assembly of the strut BC and rod AB is used to support a vertical load
P as depicted in Fig. P3.7. Determine:
(a) The normal stresses and in the rod and strut.
(b) The normal strain , if the rod elongates 0.05 in.
(c) The normal strain , if the strut shortens 0.025 in.
Given: P = 3.5 kips. The cross-sectional areas of the members: = 0.25 and
=0.4
*SOLUTION
We have A
FAB
5
45 3
Equilibrium: 60 4
B
13
25 5 P
12
FBC
C
3-3
Solving,
(a)
(b)
(c)
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PROBLEM (3.8) As a result of loading, the thin 40 mm by 20 mm rectangular plate of Fig. P3.8
deforms into a parallelogram in which sides AB and CD elongate 0.005 mm and rotate 1200 rad
clockwise, while sides AD and BC shorten 0.002 mm and rotate 400 rad counterclockwise.
Calculate the strain components in the xy plane.
SOLUTION
y
40 mm
B C
20 mm
A x
D
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PROBLEM (3.9) Solve Prob. 3.8, assuming that sides AD and BC elongate 0.001 mm and
rotate 1600 rad clockwise and the other sides have the same extension and rotation.
SOLUTION
3-4
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PROBLEM (3.10) A thin 8 in. by 6 in. rectangular plate (see Fig. P3.10) is acted upon by a
biaxial tensile loading resulting in the uniform strains = 600 and = 400 . Calculate the
change in length of diagonal AC.
SOLUTION
y
8 in.
B C
10 in. 6 in.
A x
D
or
(1)
Substituting the numerical values:
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PROBLEM (3.11) Redo Prob.3.10, with the plate in biaxial compression for which = -200
and = - 100 .
SOLUTION
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PROBLEM (3.12) Determine the normal strain in the members AB and CB of the pin-
connected plane structure shown in Fig. 3.12 if point B moves leftward 3 mm, after load P is applied.
Assumption: Axial deformation is uniform throughout the length of each member.
SOLUTION
C
2.5 m
2m
A 3 mm B
1..5 m
3-5
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PROBLEM (3.13) The shear force V deforms plate ABCD into AB’C’D (Fig. P3.13).
Determine the shear strain in the plate:
(a) At any point.
(b) At the center.
(c) At the origin.
Given: b = 200 mm, h = 0.5 mm
SOLUTION
(a)
y
dy
dx or
x (1)
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(c)
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PROBLEM (3.15) A 100 mm by 100 mm square plate is deformed into a 100 mm by 100.2
mm rectangle as shown by the dashed lines in Fig. P3.15. Determine the positive shear strain
between its diagonals.
SOLUTION
100 mm 0.2 mm
B C
100 mm
2
A D
3-6
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PROBLEM (3.16) A square plate is subjected to the uniform strains = -500 , = 500
, and = 0. Calculate the negative shearing strain between its diagonals.
SOLUTION
-0.0005L
0.0005L
L
2
L
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PROBLEM (*3.17) When loaded, the 400 mm by 400 mm square plate of Fig. P3.17
deforms into a shape in which diagonal BD elongates 0.2 mm and diagonal AC contracts 0.4
mm while they remain perpendicular and side AD remains horizontal. Calculate the average
strain components the xy plane.
*SOLUTION
y
B' C'
A' ' x
D'
Geometry:
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.18) A 15 in. by 20 in. rectangular sheet of plastic is loaded in its own plane.
After loading the sheet distorts into a shape A’B’C’D’ as shown by the dashed lines in Fig.
P3.18. Determine the normal strains occurring along the diagonals AC and BD.
SOLUTION
Refer to Figure P3.18.
3-7
Geometry:
Normal strains:
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PROBLEM (3.19) Reconsider the plastic sheet that is initially rectangular (Fig. P3.18).
Subsequent to loading the sheet deforms into a shape as indicated by the dashed lines in the
figure. Calculate the shear strains at the corners A, B, C, and D.
SOLUTION
0.12 in.
y 0.05 in
Geometry (for small angles):
0.05 in.
B C
15 in.
0.05 in
Shear strains: A x
20 in. D
0.07 in
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PROBLEM (3.20) The pin-connected structure ABCD is deformed into a shape AB'C'D, as
shown by the dashed lines in Fig. P3.20. Calculate the average normal strains in member BC and
AC.
SOLUTION
A 6 ft
45o B
B’
6 ft
72 ft
C
C"
C'
L AC
3-8
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PROBLEM (3.21) Solve Prob. 3.20, assuming that member BC moves 3/16 in. down as a
rigid body and remains vertical - that is, BB' = CC' = 3/16 in.
SOLUTION
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PROBLEM (3.22) The handbrakes on a bicycle consist of two blocks of hard rubber attached
to the frame of the bike, which press against the wheel during stopping (Fig. P3.22a). Assuming
that a force P causes a parabolic deflection (x = ) of the rubber when the brakes are applied
(Fig. P3. 22b), determine the shearing strain in the rubber.
SOLUTION
y
a x
x=ky2
We have
Thus,
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PROBLEM (*3.23) The thin, triangular plate ABC shown in Fig. P3.23 is uniformly
deformed into a shape A’B’C’. Calculate:
(a) The plane stress components , , and .
(b) The shear strain between edges AC and BC.
*SOLUTION
(a)
3-9
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.24) Redo Prob. 3.23 for the case in which the plate ABC is uniformly
deformed into a shape ABC'.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.25) The stress-strain curves for a structural steel bar are shown in Fig. P3.25. Note
that, the entire diagram and its initial portion are plotted using a strain scale N and an enlarged strain scale
M in the figure, respectively. Determine:
(a) The strains at yield point and fracture of the material.
(b) The % elongation of the bar for a 50-mm gage length.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
% Elongation=
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PROBLEM (3.26) A 10 mm by 10 mm square ABCD is drawn on a member prior to loading.
After loading, the square becomes the rhombus shown in Fig. P3.26. Determine:
(a) The modulus of elasticity.
(b) Poisson's ratio.
SOLUTION
3-10
(a)
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.27) Two rectangular blocks of rubber, each of width a = 25 mm, depth b = 50 mm,
and height h = 150 mm are bonded together to rigid supports and to the movable center plate (see Fig.
3.26). Calculate the shear stress , strain , and shear modulus of elasticity G of the rubber, if a force
P = 15 kN causes a downward deflection = 2 mm.
SOLUTION
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PROBLEM (*3.28) Figure P3.28 depicts a vibration isolation support that includes a steel rod of
radius a bonded to a hollow rubber cylinder of height h. Determine, in terms of the quantities a, b, P,
r, h, and G, as needed:
(a) The shear stress in the rubber at a distance r from the center of the support.
(b) The downward displacement of the rod.
Assumptions:
1. The displacement is so small that dy/dr = tan = . Clearly, the maximum value of y
occurs for r = a that the deflection is zero at r = b.
2. Hooke’s law for shear applies to the rubber.
3. The steel rod and cylinder are rigid.
*SOLUTION
3-11
Then, at
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PROBLEM (3.29) For the handbrakes on the bicycle described in Prob. 3.22, express the
deflection of the hard rubber in terms of P, L, G, a, and b (see Fig. P3.22). Here b and G,
respectively, denote the width and the shear modulus of elasticity of an a x b x L rectangular
rubber block.
SOLUTION
(1)
Also,
(2)
For , Eqs. (1) & (2) gives
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PROBLEM (3.30) A 2-in.-diameter bar 6 ft long, shortens 3/64 in. under an axial load of 40 kips. If
the diameter is increased 0.4(10-3) in. during loading, calculate:
(a) Poisson's ratio.
(b) The modulus of elasticity.
(c) The shear modulus of elasticity.
SOLUTION
(a)
Thus,
3-12
(b)
(c)
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PROBLEM (3.31) Figure P3.31 shows a steel block subjected to an axial compression load of 400
kN. After loading, if dimensions b and L are changed to 40.02 and 199.7 mm, respectively, calculate:
(a) Poisson's ratio.
(b) The modulus of elasticity.
(c) The final value of the dimension a.
(d) The shear modulus of elasticity.
Given: a = 60 mm, b = 40 mm, L = 200 mm
SOLUTION
y
b=40 mm
400 kN x
a=60 mm
z L=200 mm
(a)
(b)
(c)
3-13
(d)
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PROBLEM (3.32) The data shown in the accompanying table are determined from a tensile test of a
mild steel specimen. Plot the data and determine:
(a) The modulus of elasticity.
(b) The yield point.
(c) The proportional limit.
(d) The ultimate stress.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stress, MPa Strain Stress, MPa Strain
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 0.0001 245 0.009
70 0.0003 300 0.025
100 0.0005 340 0.05
135 0.0007 380 0.09
170 0.0008 435 0.15
205 0.0010 450 0.25
240 0.0012 440 0.30
255 0.0025 420 0.36
250 0.0050 325 0.40
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOLUTION
(MPa )
450
450
400
300
255 A
240
200
100
0.001 0.002 N
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 M 0.4
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3-14
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PROBLEM (3.33) The following data are obtained from a tensile test of a 12.7-mm-diameter
aluminum specimen having a gage length of 50 mm. After the specimen ruptures, the minimum (neck)
diameter is found to be 8.8 mm.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stress, MPa Strain Stress, MPa Strain
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOLUTION
Et
326
310
300
275
242
200
Es
100
0.004
0.002 0.006 N
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 M
(a)
(b)
3-15
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
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PROBLEM (3.34) A stepped bar of diameters and made of an aluminum alloy, is
subjected to an axial force P (Fig. P3.34a). The initial portion of the stress-strain curve is as seen in
Fig. P3.34b. Calculate:
(a) The elongation of the bar when the load is applied.
(b) The permanent elongation of the bar.
Given: a = 20 in., b = 15 in., = 7/8 in., = 5/8 in., P = 16 kips, E = 10x106 psi
Assumption: The weight of the bar is small compared with the loading and can be neglected.
SOLUTION
(ksi)
(a) Stresses 60
F
y = 40 D
20 E
G
0
0.03
0.02 0.04
- diagram
3-16
From diagram, material in region 0D is strained elastically, since
By Hooke’s Law,
(b) When the load is removed, segment AB will be restored to its initial length.
But segment BC will recover elastically along line FG:
________________________________________________________________________
PROBLEM (3.35) Calculate the smallest diameter and shortest length that may be selected for a
steel control rod of a machine under an axial load of 4 kN if the rod must stretch 2.5 mm.
Given: E = 200 GPa, = 150 MPa
SOLUTION
d
4 kN 4 kN
L 2.5 mm
Also,
or
3-17
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PROBLEM (*3.36) Determine the axial strain in the block of Fig. P3.36 when subjected to an
axial load of 4 kips. The block is constrained against y- and z-directed contractions.
Given: a = ¾ in., b = 3/8 in., L = 4 in., E= psi, = 1/3
*SOLUTION
(1)
(2)
(3)
Adding:
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PROBLEM (3.37) A round steel rod of diameter d is subjected to axial tensile force P as shown
in Fig. P3.37. The decrease in diameter is d. Compute the largest value of P.
Given: d = 1 in., d = 0.5(10-3 ), E = 29x106 psi , = 1/3
SOLUTION
d=1 in.
P P
3-18
Inserting the given numerical values:
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PROBLEM (3.38) A short cylindrical pipe of cold-rolled (510) bronze having an outside diameter
D and thickness t is placed in a compression machine and sequeezed until the axial load applied is P
with a safety factor of ns against yielding. Determine the minimum required Dmin
Given: t = D/6, P = 250 kips, = 2, = 75 ksi (from Table B.4)
SOLUTION
Hence
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PROBLEM (3.39) A 5-ft long and 7/8-in. diameter bar is made of a 6061-T6 aluminum alloy.
What is the final length of the bar if it is subjected to an axial tension of 8 kips?
Given: E = psi , = 38 ksi (from Table B.4).
SOLUTION
Normal stress:
3-19
and hence Hooke’s law applies.
Normal Strain:
So
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PROBLEM (3.40) A 1.5–in. diameter and 60 in.– total length bar ABC is composed of an
aluminum part AB and a steel part BC as shown in Fig. P3.40. When axial force P is applied , a strain
gage attached to the steel measures normal strain at the longitudinal direction as = 500 .
Calculate:
(a) The magnitude of the applied force P.
(b) The total elongation of the bar if each material behaves elastically.
Given: E = 10x106 psi, E = 10x106 psi
SOLUTION
Hence
Therefore
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PROBLEM (3.41) A cold-rolled yellow brass specimen see (Table B.4) has a diameter and a
gage length (Fig. P3.41). When a force P elongates the gage length , determine:
(a) The modulus of elasticity E.
(b) The contraction of diameter .
Given: = 0.4 in., = 2 in., = 6( ), P = 5.6 kips
SOLUTION
3-20
From Table B.4; and
Then
Hence
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PROBLEM (*3.42) Verify that the change in the slope of the diagonal line AB, , of a
rectangular plate (see Fig. P3.42) subjected to a uniaxial compression stress is given by the
equation:
(P3.42)
where alb is the initial slope. Calculate the value of when = 120 MPa.
Given: a = 25 mm, b = 50 mm, = 0.3, E = 70 GPa
*SOLUTION
Thus,
or
3-21
Q.E.D.
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PROBLEM (3.43) Rework Prob.3.42, assuming that the plate is subjected to a uniaxial
tensile stress
SOLUTION
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.44) A 5/8 -in.-diameter bar with a 5-in. gage length is subjected to a gradually
increasing tensile load. At the proportional limit, the value of the load is 8 kips, the gage length
increases 14.4(10 -3 ) in., and the diameter decreases 0.6(10 -3 ) in. Calculate:
(a) The proportional limit.
(b) The modulus of elasticity.
(c) Poisson's ratio.
(d) The shear modulus of elasticity.
SOLUTION
(a)
3-22
(b)
(c)
(d)
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PROBLEM (3.45) A 6-m-long truss member is made of two 50-mm-diameter steel bars. For
a tensile load of 250 kN, calculate:
(a) The change in the length of the member.
(b) The change in the diameter of the member.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.46) The stress-strain diagram seen in Fig. P3.46 is plotted from tensile test
data of high-strength steel. The test specimen had a diameter of 0.51 in. and gage length of 2 in.
was used. The total elongation between the gage marks at the fracture was 0.4 in. and the
minimum diameter was 0.36 in. Determine:
(a) The modulus of elasticity
(b) The load on the specimen that causes tielding.
(c) The ultimate load the specimen supports.
3-23
(d) Percent elongation in 2.00 in. and percent reduction in area.
SOLUTION
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PROBLEM (*3.47) For many materials, the stress-strain curve may be described by the
Ramberg-Osgood equation of the form (Reference 3.7):
(P3.47)
in which the parameters E, k, and n are obtained from the diagram of a given material.
Considering the diagram of a metal shown in Fig. P3.47, determine E, k, n, and hence,
obtain a formula for the curve.
*SOLUTION
3-24
We also have
at at
or
(1)
Similarly,
or
(2)
Solving, Eqs.(1) and (2), we obtain
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PROBLEM (3.48) A short cylindrical rod of ASTM – A36 structural steel, having an
original diameter of and length is placed in a compression machine and sequeezed until
its length becomes . Determine the new diameter of the rod.
Given: d = 30 mm, = 50 mm, = 49.7 mm, = 0.3
SOLUTION
Axial strain:
Transverse strain:
Therefore,
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PROBLEM (*3.49) A prismatic bar is under uniform axial tension. Determine Poisson’s ratio
for the material, for the case in which the ratio of the unit volume change to the unit cross-sectional
area change is -5/8.
*SOLUTION
We have .
From Eq.(3.14):
3-25
(1)
Upon following a procedure similar to that of Sec. 3.10, the final area:
and (2)
It is required that
Solving,
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PROBLEM (3.50) A tensile test is performed on a 2024-T6 aluminum alloy specimen of
diameter d and gage length , depicted in Fig. P3.50. After the loading reaches a value of P
= 5 kips, the distance has increased by = 4.8x10 -3 in. Determine:
(a) The decrease in diameter d .
(b) The modulus of elasticity E.
(c) The dilatation e of the bar.
Given: d = ½ in., = 2 in., = 0.33
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(c)
________________________________________________________________________
PROBLEM (3.51) A 2-in.-diameter solid brass bar (E = 15 x 10 6 psi, = 0.3) is fitted in a
hollow bronze tube. Determine the internal diameter of the tube so that its surface and that of the
bar are just in contact, with no pressure, when the bar is subjected to an axial compressive load P
= 40 kips.
SOLUTION
3-26
and
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PROBLEM (3.52) The cast-iron pipe shown in Fig. P3.52 is under an axial compressive load
P. Determine:
(a) The change in length
(b) The change in diameter .
(c) The change in thickness .
Given: D = 130 mm, t = 15 mm, L = 0.5 m, P = 200 kN, E = 70 GPa, = 0.3
Assumption: Buckling does not occur.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(c)
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PROBLEM (3.53) Redo Prob. 3.52 for the case in which the axial load P is in tension and the
pipe shown in Fig. P3.52 is made of brass.
Given: D = 130 mm, t = 15 mm, L = 0.5 m, P = 200 kN, E = 105 GPa, = 0.3
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(c)
3-27
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PROBLEM (3.54) The aluminum rod, 50 mm in diameter and 1.2 m in length, of a hydraulic ram is
subjected to the maximum axial loads of ±200 kN. What are the largest diameter and the largest volume of
the rod during service?
Given: E = 70 GPa, = 0.3.
SOLUTION
0.05 m
200 kN
1.2 m
Also,
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PROBLEM (3.55) Calculate the smallest diameter and volume of the hydraulic ramrod described
in Prob. 3.54.
SOLUTION
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.56) A 20-mm-diameter bar is subjected to tensile loading. The increase in length
resulting from the load of 50 kN is 0.2 mm for an initial length of 100 mm. Determine:
(a) The conventional and true strains.
(b) The modulus of elasticity.
3-28
SOLUTION
20 mm
50 kN 50 kN
100 mm 0.2 mm
(a)
(b)
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PROBLEM (*3.57) A solid aluminum-alloy rod of diameter d, modulus of elasticity E and and
Poisson’s ratio is fitted in a hollow plastic tube of 1.002-in. internal diameter, as depicted in Fig. P3.57.
Determine the maximum axial compressive load P that can be applied to the rod for which its surface and
that of the tube are just in contact and under no pressure.
Given: d = 1 in., E = 11 psi, = 0.3
*SOLUTION
d=1 in. d=1.002 in.
P P
or
Introducing the given number values:
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PROBLEM (3.58) A cast-iron bar of diameter d and length L is subjected to an axial
compressive load P. Determine:
(a) The increase in diameter.
(b) The decrease in length.
(c) The change in volume .
Given: d = 75 mm, L = 0.5 m, E = 80 GPa, = 0.3
3-29
SOLUTION
d=75 mm
200 kN 200 kN
0.5 m
(a)
(b)
(c)
________________________________________________________________________
PROBLEM (3.59) A 2-in.-diameter and 4-in.-long solid cylinder is subjected to uniform
axial tensile stress of = 7.2 ksi. Calculate:
(a) The change in length of the cylinder.
(b) The change in volume of the cylinder.
Given: E = 30x10 6 psi, = 1/3
SOLUTION
4 in.
(a)
(b)
3-30
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PROBLEM (3.60) A bar of any given material is subjected to uniform triaxial stresses. Determine
the maximum value of Poisson's ratio.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
y 150 kN
0.2 m E
B C
0.1 m
100 kN
x
A 0.05 m
50 kN D
z
Thus,
3-31
(a)
(b)
or
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PROBLEM (3.62) Redo Prob. 3.61 for the x faces of the block to be free of stress.
SOLUTION
Thus,
(a)
(b) ,
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3-32
PROBLEM (*3.63) A vibration isolation unit consists of rubber cylinder of diameter d
compressed inside of a steel cylinder by a force R applied to a steel rod, as shown in Fig. P3.63.
Determine, in terms of d, R, and Poisson’s ratio for the rubber, as required:
(a) An expression for the lateral pressure p between the rubber and the steel cylinder.
(b) The lateral pressure p between the rubber and the steel cylinder for d = 60 mm, = 0.45,
and R = 4 kN.
Assumptions:
1. Friction between the rubber and steel can be omitted.
2. Steel cylinder and rod are rigid.
*SOLUTION
or y
x
Solving,
z
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PROBLEM (*3.64) A rectangular aluminum plate (E = 70 GPa, = 0.3) is subjected to uniformly
distributed loading, as shown in Fig. P3.64. Determine the values of and (in kilonewtons per
meter) that produce a change in length in the x direction of 1.5 mm and in the y direction of 2 mm.
Use a = 2 m, b = 3 m, and t = 5 mm.
*SOLUTION
Equations (3.15):
3-33
or
(1)
(2)
Solve Eqs. (1) and (2):
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.65) Rework Prob. 3.64, assuming that a = 4 m, b = 2 m, t = 6 mm and that the
plate is made of steel (E = 210 GPa, = 0.3).
SOLUTION
Equations (3.15):
or
(1)
(2)
Solve Eqs. (1) and (2):
Hence,
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PROBLEM (3.66) A solid sphere of diameter d experiences a uniform pressure p, as
depicted in Fig. P3.66. Calculate:
(a) The decrease in circumference of the sphere.
(b) The decrease in volume of the sphere .
3-34
Given: d = 200 mm, p = 120 MPa, E = 70 GPa, = 0.3
SOLUTION
p=120 MPa= -
d=200 mm
(a)
Decrease in circumference:
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.67) A solid cylinder of diameter d and length L is under hydrostatic loading
with =-7.2 ksi. Determine:
(a) The change in length of the cylinder .
(b) The change in volume of the cylinder .
Given: d = 2 in., L = 4 in., E = 30 psi, = 1/3
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
________________________________________________________________________
3-35
PROBLEM (*3.68) A steel plate ABCD of thickness t is subjected to uniform stresses
and (see Fig. P3.68). Calculate the change in:
(a) The length of edge AB.
(b) The length of edge AD.
(c) The length of diagonal BD.
(d) The thickness.
*SOLUTION
y 90 MPa
B C
200 mm
120 MPa
160 mm
A x
D
(a)
(b)
(c)
or
(1)
(d)
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PROBLEM (3.69) Redo Prob. 3.68, with the plate acted upon by biaxial loading that results
in uniform stresses = 100 MPa and = -60 MPa.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(d)
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PROBLEM (3.70) Using the stress-strain diagram of a structural steel shown in Fig. P3.70,
determine:
(a) The modulus of resilience.
(b) The approximate modulus of toughness.
SOLUTION
(a)
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PROBLEM (3.71) From the stress-strain curve of a magnesium alloy seen in Fig. P3.71, find
the approximate values of:
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(a) The modulus of resilience.
(b) The modulus of toughness.
SOLUTION
(a)
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PROBLEM (3.72) Calculate the modulus of resilience for two grades of steel (see Table
D.4):
(a) ASTM-A242.
(b) Cold-rolled, stainless steel (302).
SOLUTION
(a) ASTM-A242
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PROBLEM (3.73) The stress-strain diagram for a high-strength steel bar in tension is shown
in Fig. P3.73. Determine for the material:
(a) The modulus of resilience.
(b) The approximate modulus of toughness.
SOLUTION
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(b) Toughness modulus is represented by the total area under curve that can be
Estimated by counting the number of square from the diagram. From the diagram,
The number of square equals about 45.
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.74) Calculate the modulus of resilience for the following two materials (see
Table B.4):
(a) Aluminum alloy 2014-T6.
(b) Annealed yellow brass.
SOLUTION
(a) 2014-T6
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PROBLEM (3.75) A -square machine part having E=30x10 6 psi and length L=4 ft is to resist
an axial energy load of 1.5 in. kip. Based on a factor of safety ns=2, calculate:
(a) The required proportional limit of steel.
(b) The corresponding modulus of resilience for the steel.
SOLUTION
(a)
Solving,
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or
(b)
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PROBLEM (3.76) Members AB and AC of the truss shown in Fig. P3.76 are fabricated of an
elastoplastic material with = 40 ksi. If Pu = 50 kips and = 60°, determine the minimum cross-
sectional areas AAB , and ABC.
SOLUTION
for
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.77) Solve Prob. .3.75 for Pu = 20 kips and = 30°.
SOLUTION
We have
Thus,
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PROBLEM (3.78) Determine the ultimate load Pu that can be carried by truss ABC (see Fig.
P3.75) if each member is made of an elastoplastic material with = 38 ksi.
Given: AAB = 2ABC = 1.8 in. ,
2
= 40°
SOLUTION
Since and :
Thus,
End of Chapter 3
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