TX16S

User Manual

Version：1.1

WWW.RADIOMASTERRC.COM

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 Table of Contents
1. Overview.............................................................................................................................................4

1.1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 4

1.2. Safety instructions.............................................................................................................. 4

1.3. Manual and Firmware Download....................................................................................5

1.4. Important note on firmware............................................................................................ 5

1.5. Remote Control Overview................................................................................................ 5

1.6. Important note on Power and charging precautions............................................... 6

1.7. Note about this guide........................................................................................................6

1.8. Specifications....................................................................................................................... 7

1.9. Warranty and Repair...........................................................................................................7

1.10. Firmware Update and OpenTX Information..............................................................8

1.11. Disclaimer............................................................................................................................8

1.12. Legal status and copyright.............................................................................................8

2. OpenTX Companion software (OpenTX companion)............................................................ 9

2.1. Software Download and Installation............................................................................. 9

2.2. Use Companion software to upgrade remote controller firmware.....................12

3. First boot.......................................................................................................................................... 16

3.1. Calibrate the battery voltage......................................................................................... 18

3.2. Calibrating Gimbals.......................................................................................................... 20

3.3. Set the default Gimbal mode and the default channel output order.................23

4. Remote control menu details..................................................................................................... 24

4.1. Main interface.................................................................................................................... 24

4.2. System settings..................................................................................................................24

4.2.1 TOOLS (Tool page) description..........................................................................25

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4.2.2 SD CARD (SD Card Page) Instructions.............................................................25

4.2.3 RADIO SETUP Instructions..................................................................................26

4.2.4 GLOBAL FUNCTIONS (Global Functions Page) Instructions......................27

4.2.5 TRAINER (coach function page) description................................................. 27

4.2.6 HARDWARE (Hardware setting page) Description...................................... 28

4.2.7 VERSION (Version page) description............................................................... 29

4.3. Model selection................................................................................................................. 29

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 4.3.1. Create model and model selection................................................................ 29

4.3.2. Channel monitor...................................................................................................31

4.3.3. Reset function....................................................................................................... 32

4.4. Model settings (Model Setup）.................................................................................... 33

4.4.1 Model settings（Model setup）....................................................................... 33

4.4.2. Flight Mode（Flight Modes）...........................................................................36

4.4.3. Input Source（Inputs）...................................................................................... 37

4.4.4. Mix control (Mixer)............................................................................................ 40

4.4.5. Output（Outputs）............................................................................................ 45

4.4.6 Curves.......................................................................................................................45

4.4.7. Global variables（Global Variables）..............................................................47

4.4.8. Logic switches....................................................................................................... 49

4.4.9. Special Functions..................................................................................................52

4.4.10. Custom Scripts....................................................................................................55

4.4.11. Digital Transmission and Telemetry..............................................................56

5. External UART............................................................................................................................ 58

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1. Overview
1.1. Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the RadioMaster TX16S 2.4g remote control system.
The system is versatile and can be used by beginners and professionals. In order to
ensure the correct and safe use of this product, please read this instruction manual
carefully before use. The information contained in this manual is subject to change
without notice.

TX16S remote control is suitable for all types of fixed-wing, glider, helicopter
and multi-rotor aircraft. The model type can be selected according to the aircraft
used, and various setups and mixes can be programmed and used to suit a wide
varity of applications.

1.2. Safety instructions

Many remote-control models are equipped with powerful motors and sharp
propellers. Use caution when working on or operating models. When performing
assembly or maintenance, make sure that the model is powered off and the
propellers are removed.
Do not operate the TX16S remote control system under the following
conditions:
• Under severe weather or strong wind conditions, such as rain, hail, snow,
storm or harsh electromagnetic environmental conditions.
• Under any circumstances where visibility is limited.
• In areas where people, property, high-voltage power lines, public roads,
vehicles or animals may be present.
• If you feel tired or unwell, or under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
• If the remote control or model appears to be damaged or not working
properly.
• In areas where 2.4GHz interference is high or where 2.4GHz radios are
prohibited.
• When the battery voltage is too low to use.
• In areas where local regulations prohibit the use of aviation models.

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1.3. Manual and Firmware Download

The TX16S comes pre-installed with standard OpenTX firmware.

To download the latest software manual, visit the RadioMaster website:
https://www.radiomasterrc.com
To download the latest firmware for your TX16S remote control, visit the
OpenTX website: https://www.open-tx.org

1.4. Important note on firmware.

The TX16S comes pre-installed with the most stable firmware at time of
manufacture. Please only update firmware if you are experienced and confident in
updating your system firmware, update only the firmware intended for your radio.
Incorrect updates may render the remote control inoperable.

1.5. Remote Control Overview

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1.6. Important note on Power and charging precautions.

The TX16S has built-in USB charging function for 2cell 7.4v
Battery packs (2 x 3.7v Lithium cell packs). The charging
circuit is only suitable for 2x 3.7v lithium-ion 18650, 2 x
21700 3.7v lithium-ion (21700 2s 7.4v Lithium-Ion pack) or
2x 3.7v Lipoly batteries (2s 7.4v Lipo battery pack). The
nominal battery voltage per cell is 3.7v and the maximum
charging cut off voltage is 4.2v per cell.

Approved for use

2 x 3.7v Li-ION 18650 cells (7.4v using supplied tray)
2 x 3.7v Li-ION 21700 cells (Assembled as 7.4v 2s Battery pack)
2 x 3.7v Lithium-polymere cells (Assembled as 7.4v 2s Battery pack)

DO NOT use
3.6v Li-ION cells
2S 6.6v LiFE Battery packs
LiFEP04 cells

WARNING!
Do not use 2s 6.6v LiFE battery pack, 18650 lithium-ion cells
with a nominal voltage of 3.6v or LiFEP04 18650 Round cells.
Using the built in USB charger with incorrect battery types and
voltage may cause damage to the remote control or fire.
Check the health and condition of the batteries regularly. Do not use damged cells.
Never charge your device unattended. Always charge in a safe area away from
flammable materials. If the remote control gets wet or damaged in any way, do not
charge it.
RadioMaster is not responsible for any adverse consequences caused by using or
misusing this device.

1.7. Note about this guide.

This guide covers basic information about your radio. OpenTX software is very
powerful and has a large number of programming and mixing functions. Please visit
the site beloew for a comprehensive software installation guide for more detailed
instructions https://www.open-tx.org
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1.8. Specifications

Specifications: 183 * 212 * 66 mm

Weight: 736g (excluding battery)
Transmission frequency: 2.400GHZ-2.480GHZ
Transmitter module: Internal Four-in-one multi-protocol RF module
Transmit power: maximum 22dbm (transmit power adjustable)
Working current: 400mah
Working voltage: 6.6-8.4v DC
Remote control distance:> 2km @ 22dbm
Open source firmware: OpenTX (remote control) DIY-Multiprotocol-TX-Module
(Internal RF Firmware driven by OpenTX)
Number of channels: Up to 16 channels (depending on the receiver)
Display: 4.3-inch TFT full-color display
Gimbals: Non-contact 3D Vector Hall Gimbal
JR / FrSKY Compatible Module Bracket
Upgrade method: Support USB online / SD card offline upgrade
Protocol: Full series DSM2 / X full series Flysky and Flysky 2A FrSKY and many
more.
For a complete list of agreements, visit:
https://github.com/pascallanger/DIY-Multiprotocol-TX-Module/blob/master/Protocols_Details.md

1.9. Warranty and Repair

If you experiance any problems with your remote control hardware, please keep
proof of purchase and contact the retailer where you purchased TX16s.

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1.10. Firmware Update and OpenTX Information

For the latest news and information on OpenTX firmware from development
team, please visit the OpenTX website at https://www.open-tx.org. If you enjoy using
OpenTX firmware please consider supporting the development team with a donation.

1.11. Disclaimer

OpenTX is an open source firmware. No warranty or implied warranty is given for

the quality and reliability of this firmware. If not handled properly, the RC model can
cause serious injury or even death. If you decide to use OpenTX firmware, you are
solely responsible for your model. Any injury or damage caused by using OpenTX
firmware
The authors of OpenTX and RadioMaster assume no responsibility. Use with
caution.

1.12. Legal status and copyright

This project is free software: you can redistribute and / or modify it in accordance
with the GNU General Public License Agreement, V3 version agreement, or (optionally)
an updated version agreement issued by the International Free Software Association.
You should receive a copy of the GNU General Public License Agreement for the
OpenTX project. If not, see www.gnu.org/licenses.
OpenTX is open source firmware for RC radio remotes. The firmware is highly
configurable and has more features than traditional radios. Daily feedback from
thousands of users ensures continuous firmware updates as well as stability and
quality.
The release of OpenTX firmware hopes that it will benefit the public, but it has no
warranty; it does not include implied commercial licenses or applicability for a special
purpose. For more details, see the GNU General Public License Agreement.
OpenTX source files and more can be found at https://github.com/opentx/opentx.

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2. OpenTX Companion software (OpenTX
companion)
The OpenTX Companion remote control support software is used for many
different tasks, such as loading OpenTX firmware to the remote, backing up model
settings, editing model settings, and running the remote simulator.
You can run OpenTX Companion software on multiple computer platforms.
OpenTX Companion software supports common systems such as Windows, Mac OS X,
and Linux. Even without a remote control, you can experience all the functions and
settings of the remote control in a computer simulator.
You can get the latest version of OpenTX Companion software here:
http://www.open-tx.org/

2.1. Software Download and Installation

1. Download the latest version of OpenTX Companion software from

http://www.open-tx.org/.
2. Install OpenTX Companion software (take windows version 2.3.6 as an example)
Double-click the installer companion-windows-2.3.6.exe.

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10
 At this point, the OpenTX Companion software installation is complete. Please
continue to follow the instructions below to continue setting the software to match
the RadioMaster TX16S remote control:

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2.2. Using Companion software to upgrade remote
controller firmware

After the above settings are completed, click the firmware download button to
download the firmware.
Note: The RadioMaster TX16S remote control is pre-installed with stable and
reliable OpenTX firmware when it leaves the factory. If there is no special need, please
do not update the firmware unneccasarily. Incorrectly flashing firmware may leave
your radio inoperable. Only proceed with updates if you are confident in your
understanding and ability to do so.
If you are required to update the firmware to for functional upgrades, please
carefully follow the instructions below. Before updating the firmware, make sure that
all steps are correct and operate carefully to ensure that your remote control is
successfully updated.
If not required, please skip this section.

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 Before writing the firmware, please make sure that the remote control is turned
off, and plug in the supplied USB-C (TYPE-C) cable. The following device name will
appear in the computer device manager:

Before writing the firmware for the first time, you need to replace the STM32
BOOTLOADER driver to ensure that the OpenTX Companion software can recognize
this hardware type and write the firmware correctly. The replacement method is as
follows:
Download the latest version of the universal driver replacement software
Zadig.exe from https://zadig.akeo.ie/

A. In the Windows system, right-click Zadig-2.4.exe and select Run as

administrator

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B. In the zadig software, select Options-> List All Devices to view the device list

C. Drop-down list and find STM32 BOOTLOADER device

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 D. Click the Replace Driver button (if the driver has been installed before, Reinstall
Driver will be displayed) to replace / install the driver. After the driver installation is
completed, you can use OpenTX Companion to write the firmware to the remote
controller correctly.

At this point, the firmware of the remote control is successfully written. Unplug
the USB-C (TYPE-C) and proceed to the first boot procedures.

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3. First boot
Press and hold the power button to boot. Before entering the main interface, the
system will check the position of the throttle stick and switch and other startup
conditions. If the startup conditions are not met, there will be a corresponding error
prompt. You need to clear it or press any key to more foward
Throttle warning: This is a warning that the throttle is not at the lowest position
when the radio is turned on. You can set the throttle stick to the lowest position or
press any key to skip. You can also turn off the throttle state option in the MODEL
SETUP menu. Throttle alarm.

Switch warning: This is a warning that a switch on the remote-control is not in the
default position. (The default setting is that all switch directions are up ↑)

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 Failsafe not set warning: This is a warning that the remote-control fail-safe
protection is not set.

Alarm Off Warning: A similar warning will appear if the sound mode of the
remote-control settings page is set to mute.

SD card warning: If the SD card file version used does not match the remote
controller firmware version, this warning will appear. The figure requires 2.3V0026
version (the SD card content needs to be updated when upgrading the firmware).

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 First page: Below is an example of the default first page of the system, you can
customize the display elements in the page as required.

3.1. Calibrate the battery voltage

This example is for using 2 x 3.7v (2s 7.4v) 18650 Li-ion batteries in
the supplied tray (batteries sold seperatlty), a 21700 2s 7.4 Li-ion
pack (sold seperatlty) or a 2s 7.4v Standard voltage Li-poly pack
(sold seperatlty)

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A. Press and hold the [SYS] button to enter the system settings. Press the [PAGE] key to
move to the HARDWARD page, scroll to the bottom of the page, select Battery
calibration, and enter the actual measured battery voltage.

B. Scroll to RADIO SETUP, and enter the battery level range in the Battery meter range
as shown below.

B. On the current page, turn the scroll wheel to find Battrey low (low voltage alarm),
and fill in the alarm voltage as shown below. When the remote-control voltage is lower
than the current set voltage, the system will play a voice alert and report that the
battery voltage is low.

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3.2. Calibrating Gimbals

Each TX16s is calibrated in the QC process however due to varying shipping

conditions we suggest to calibrate your radio before first use.
A. In the system settings, scroll to the HARDWARE page, select the Calibration
item, and press OK to enter the settings.

B. Follow the text prompts at the top for calibration. The first step prompts, press
the confirmation key to start

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 C. In the second step, place all the gimbals, knobs, and side sliders in the middle
position. The system obtains the midpoint value, and then press the confirmation key
to continue to the next step.

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D. The third move all the gimbals, knobs, and side sliders of to their respective maximum and
minimum positions. The system will record the maximum and minimum values. At this time,
6POS (six position button) may be pressed one by one. The system records the value of each
button. The value of the key can be viewed at the bottom of the page. After all the above steps
are completed, press Enter key to complete the calibration, and the system automatically
returns to the previous page.

Important Note on STICK Calibration.

Use a left / right / up / down pattern when calibrating the sticks for the
most accurate calibration.

Do not make a circular motion when calibrating sticks.

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3.3. Set the default Gimbal mode and the default channel
output order.

In the system settings, turn the page to the RADIO SETUP page, select the scroll
wheel to the bottom of the page, you can see
Default channel order: AETR
Mode (Gimbal Mode): Set by factory depending on the Mode you purchased.
Because the channel input order of the built-in multi-protocol transmitting
module of the RadioMaster TX16S remote control is AETR, in the Default channel
order option, be sure to select the AETR order
The Mode (gimbal mode) can be selected according to your personal preferences:
Mode 1 (right-hand throttle / Japan)
or
Mode 2 (left-hand throttle / American)
The icons on the right from left to right indicate the names of the gimbals
corresponding to the position of the gimbal on the remote control.
Left gimbal landscape Left gimbal portrait Right gimbal portrait Right gimbal
landscape
Rud = (direction) Thr (throttle) Ele (pitch) Ail (roll

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4. Remote control menu details
4.1. Main interface

The default startup screen is as follows. The user can modify the content to be
displayed to customize the main interface.

Top menu bar: The default top menu bar displays speaker volume, remote control
battery level, receiver signal strength (RSSI), and time and date. Batt is a custom top
display remote control voltage; users can also add other display information and
widgets.
Model menu bar: The model menu bar on the right shows the model name and
model picture currently in use.

4.2. System settings

Long press the left SYS button to enter the system setting page. The system
setting page is divided into 7 sections.
-TOOLS: Tool page, which includes the setting function of the spectrum analyzer
and some third-party equipment, such as the setting function of TBS Crossfire, Frsky
specific receiver settings, and Graupner's receiver HoTT protocol settings.
-SD CARD: SD card page. In this page, you can view the contents of the SD card,
and quickly set the startup screen, model pictures, and the function of flashing the
built-in / external module firmware from firmware files loaded on to the SD Card.
-RADIO SETUP: The remote-control setup page, this page is the basic functions of
the remote control and the settings in the default parameters of the remote control.

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 -GLOBA FUNCTIONS: Global function page. This page can customize various
global functions. Global functions are similar to special functions in model parameters,
but global functions are shared by all model, while functions in model parameters are
only used by the current model.
-TRAINER: Trainer aka Coach function page. In this page, you can set the control
ratio of each channel from the student mode remote control in the coach mode, and
the intervention ratio of the remote control in the coach mode.
-HARDWARE: Hardware setting page. In this page, you can calibrate the gimbal
and voltage, set the name of the gimbal, set the functions and names of switches and
knobs, and view the underlying parameters of the hardware.
-VERSION: Version page. On this page, you can view the remote controller
hardware type, OpenTX firmware version, and the functional items included in the
current firmware.

4.2.1 TOOLS (Tool page) description

4.2.2 SD CARD (SD Card Page) Instructions

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4.2.3 RADIO SETUP Instructions

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4.2.4 GLOBAL FUNCTIONS (Global Functions Page) Instructions

4.2.5 TRAINER (coach function page) description

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4.2.6 HARDWARE (Hardware setting page) Description

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4.2.7 VERSION (Version page) description

4.3. Model selection

4.3.1. Create model and model selection

In the main interface, press and hold the ENT key to pop up the menu (ENT is
pressing the lower end of the scroll wheel)

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Select to enter the model selection page, which is used to select, create, switch, delete
and copy models.

Long press ENT to pop up the model operation menu

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4.3.2. Channel monitor
Monitors: used to display the monitoring interface of channel output, mixed
control output and logic switch.

You can use the PAGE key to switch to other interfaces.

The logic switch page can display the status of 64 logic switches. By default, the
inactive state is gray and black (or white depending on scheme) is the active state.

Further reading on Logical Switch Functions: http://open-

txu.org/home/continuing-education/logical-switch-functions/

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4.3.3. Reset function

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4.4. Model settings (Model Setup）

4.4.1 Model settings（Model setup）

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Model Setup Detailed options：

Model name：Enter your model name here.

Model image：You can select a picture file as the model logo in the BMP folder of
the SD card. Pictures can be viewed using the SD card manager.

Timer1-3：

Up to 3 fully programmable timers that can count up or down.

ON Timer is always on

Tht Timer always on once throttle is not all the way down

THs Timer on when throttle is not all the way down

Timer speed proportional the throttle

TH% THR 100% Timer 1 second intervals, THR 50% Timer 2
second interval

Setting the timer to a value above 00:00 puts it into count

Time Value
down mode

Name：Name the timer

Persistent：Timer retains its value when the Tx is powered of and on or the model
is changed

Minute call ： Required SD card with sound pack installed. At each minute it’s
value spoken.

Countdown：-Countdown broadcast, default 10s (10 seconds)

Silent Quiet mode

Beeps Beep

Voice Voice broadcast countdown

Haptic Vibration alert

Extended limits：Expand the limit. After checking, set the channel rudder limit to
± 125% (default maximum ± 100%).

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Extended trims ： Fine-tuning extension, allowing fine-tuning to cover the entire
gimbal range, instead of ± 25%

Display trims：Modify the precision of the fine-tuning step. The accuracy can be
modified according to actual requirements.

Throttle：Throttle related settings

Reverse：Throttle reverse

Source ： Throttle operation source (input source), because the throttle trigger
timer is used, such as the THs function, it is usually set to the throttle channel
instead of the gimbal, so that the throttle lever operation triggers the timer
correctly

Trim idle only ： Throttle trim only affects the low position, where trim only
affects the idle part of the throttle stroke and does not touch the entire throttle
range.

Preflight Checks ： Pre-flight check, when booting or loading the model, the
system will check the following default settings, if it does not match the following
model settings, the system will pop up a security warning page

Display checklist：Show checklist

Throttle state：Throttle status warning, when the remote control is powered on

or the model is loaded, if the throttle stick is not at the lowest position, a warning
will be issued

Switch positions ： Switch position check, defines whether the remote-control

checks whether the switch is in a predetermined position when the remote
control is powered on or when loading a model. To set them, place all the switches
in the way you like, and then press and hold ENT (the confirmation key), the
system will save all current switch positions as default values

Pots & sliders：Check the position of the knob and slider. The default position of
the preset knob and slider is the same as above.

Center Beep：Center prompt sound, select whether the gimbal, knob and slider
will emit a prompt sound when reaching the center point.

Use global funcs：Use global function settings, choose whether to apply global
function settings to the current model
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 Internal RF：Built-in wireless RF module, built-in 4in1 multi-protocol RF module,
please refer to multi-protocol RF module manual for usage

External RF：External RF module, compatible with many mainstream RF modules

Trainer：Trainer Mode

Mode：

Master/Jack Audio cable connection, coach host mode

Slave/Jack Audio cable connection, student slave mode

Bluetooth wireless connection, coach mode (requires external

Master/Bluetooth
Bluetooth module)

Bluetooth wireless connection, student slave mode (requires

Slave/Bluetooth
external Bluetooth module)

4in1 multi-protocol module coach host mode (This function

Master/Multi needs to add an external 4in1 multi-protocol module as coach
input receiver RX mode)

4.4.2. Flight Mode（Flight Modes）

The flight mode allows you to set the corresponding fine-tuning value for a
specific mission or flight behavior. This item is mainly used for fixed-wing gliders to use
different fine-tuning values in different environments. You can customize the fine-
tuning value of 1-6 channels, and you can set it for each flight. Mode setting smooth
slow-in slow-down time.

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 There are 8 flight modes plus the default FM0 available. The first item of FM1-
FM8 requires a trigger switch. When no switch is on, FM0 is enabled by default.

Name Define a name for the flight mode

Select the trigger switch for the flight mode. It can be a physical
Switch
switch or a logical switch.

Trim selection Adjust the fine-tuning value of 1-6 channels according to your
array actual needs

Fade in
Slow Ease In / Ease Out Time Settings
Fade Out

At the bottom of the screen (below FM8) you are reminded to

check the fine-tuning of each flight mode. According to the
Check Flight
currently selected FM number, the corresponding reminder
Mode Trims
message is displayed, for example, if the flight mode FM2 is
active, it will display "Check FM2 trims"

4.4.3. Input Source（Inputs）

The Inputs page defines the input source. Before outputting to the channel, you
can make preliminary settings for the input source, such as limiting the amount of
operation, increasing the curve, using the switch pair to switch, etc.
The input source can be a physical operation source such as a gimbal, knob, or
switch of the remote control, or it can be a global variable Gvar, a logical switch, return
data, etc.

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 To set an entry, press and hold the ENT key on the current entry and a submenu
will pop up

选择 Edit 进入编辑条目

Input name: Name of the current entry. Use the scroll wheel to select a letter or
number. Press and hold the ENT key to switch between upper and lower case.
Press the ENT key to switch to the next character.
Line name: Because each entry can have multiple lines of configuration, you can
give each line a name to avoid confusion in the future
Source: Press and hold the ENT key to enter the input source selection menu.
Scroll up or down to the desired category and press ENT to select the
corresponding input source

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 Weight: Normal range is a value between ± 100% will be zoomed to the gimbal
operation. If you enter a negative value, for example -100% means reverse the output.
Note that channel inversion should not use negative values on the Inputs page, and to
reverse channels should be reversed on the Outputs page.
Offset: Midpoint offset setting
Curve: Curve settings
Diff Adjust the stroke amount on one side with the midpoint as the boundary

Expo curve setting. Increasing a positive value will make the gimbal smoother and
Expo smoother when approaching the midpoint, while increasing a negative value will
make the gimbal more acute when approaching the midpoint.

Positions above 0 (midpoint) follow the gimbal output, operations

X>0
below the midpoint are all fixed to the midpoint value of 0

X<0 The opposite of the previous one

Absolute values, negative values less than the midpoint will always
|X| become positive values, and the actual performance is a V-shaped
Func curve

Preset Below the midpoint 0 is fixed at midpoint 0, above the midpoint is fixed
function f>0 at 100, the actual performance is that the gimbal becomes 0 and 100 to
switch, there is no intermediate process

f<0 The opposite of the previous one

Above the midpoint is fixed at + 100%, and below the midpoint is fixed
|f| at -100%. The actual performance is that the gimbal becomes -100%
and + 100% to switch. There is no intermediate process.

Cstm Call custom curve (CV1-CV32), custom curve is set in curve page CURVE

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 Modes: Select the corresponding flight mode, and the output trimming value that
affects this entry can be set by the flight mode entry
Switch: Select the switch to activate this item (Note: This setting is added to this
item to add multiple lines of different settings to switch, if there is only one line
setting, do not set the activation switch, otherwise the switch will cause this item
to be completely invalid)
Side: Unilateral setting with the midpoint as the boundary. No matter how this
item is set, it will be set to unilateral effect by Side.

x>0 All below the midpoint are fixed at 0, and normal output above the midpoint

x<0 All above the midpoint is fixed at 0, and normal output below the midpoint

Trim: You can choose whether the fine-tuning is effective for this entry, or you can
define a fine-tuning that affects this article separately.

4.4.4. Mix control (Mixer)

Mixing page for channel settings

The mix control page allows you to combine as many input sources as you want
and map them to any one or more of the 32 output channels. Finally use the next page
(Outputs) to make these purely logical outputs to fit the model device
You have complete flexibility in controlling the mixing from any input to any
output channel.

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 A mix puts one input into one channel. The inputs are configured in the Inputs
page, which defines any input type.
The mixing control page can also use other channels as the source of the current
channel, and output from the current channel after re-mixing. It can also mix one or
more channels to another or multiple channel outputs, which can combine very
powerful complex functions.
All inputs range from -100% to + 100%. Gimbals, knobs, sliders, channels, global
variables, and coach input.
If you want the servo of the No. 2 plug connected to the receiver to be controlled
by lifting (ELE), you only need to create a mixing entry on CH2 and use the Ele input as
the source of operation.
Each channel can have many lines, and you can choose the operation between
each line. Long press the ENT key and select Insert Before / After to create a new line.
By default, all lines on the same channel are added together, and the next line can
choose to be superimposed or multiplied with the channel value of the previous line,
and replaced completely.
Please note that the currently active row of settings will be displayed in a bold
font, making it easy to recognize the item currently in use at a glance. The CH1 channel
shown in the figure is input by the Ail gimbal, and the three states of the SA switch are
used to switch three stroke amounts.

To edit a mixing control, use the scroll wheel to select the mixing control item up
and down, and press and hold the ENT key to enter the editing submenu. Select Edit
and press the ENT key momentarily.

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Detailed settings for mixing entries

Mix name: Name setting Use the scroll wheel to select letters and numbers, and
press and hold the ENT key to switch between upper and lower case. Short press
the ENT key to set the next character.
Source: Long press the ENT key to pop up the input source category menu.

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 Weight: Channel travel amount, the range is -500 / + 500. The default value is 100.
Negative values indicate reverse channel output.
Offset: Midpoint offset, you can add the offset of the input value, positive or
negative. Range is -500 / + 500
Trim: You can choose whether the fine-tuning is effective for this entry, or you can
define a fine-tuning that affects this article separately.
Curve: Curve settings
Diff Adjust the stroke amount on one side with the midpoint as the boundary

Expo curve setting. Increasing a positive value will make the gimbal smoother and
Expo smoother when approaching the midpoint, while increasing a negative value will
make the gimbal more acute when approaching the midpoint.

Positions above 0 (midpoint) follow the gimbal output, operations

X>0
below the midpoint are all fixed to the midpoint value of 0

X<0 The opposite of the previous one

Absolute values, negative values less than the midpoint will always
|X| become positive values, and the actual performance is a V-shaped
Func curve

Preset Below the midpoint 0 is fixed at midpoint 0, above the midpoint is fixed
function f>0 at 100, the actual performance is that the gimbal becomes 0 and 100 to
switch, there is no intermediate process

f<0 The opposite of the previous one

Above the midpoint is fixed at + 100%, and below the midpoint is fixed
|f| at -100%. The actual performance is that the gimbal becomes -100%
and + 100% to switch. There is no intermediate process.

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 Cstm Call custom curve (CV1-CV32), custom curve is set in curve page CURVE

Modes: Select the corresponding flight mode, and the output trimming value that
affects this entry can be set by the flight mode entry
Switch: Select the switch to activate this item (Note: This setting is added to this
item to add multiple lines of different settings to switch, if there is only one line
setting, do not set the activation switch, otherwise the switch will cause this item
to be completely invalid).
Warning: Set the alert tone
Multpx: Superposition method, output after superimposing with the value of the
previous stroke amount
Add: Additive superposition, the current value is added to the value of the
previous line and output
Multiply: multiplication, the current value is multiplied by the value of the
previous line and output
Replace: direct replacement, the value of the previous line is directly replaced
by the value of this line
The combination of these operations allows the creation of complex
mathematical operations and is often considered one of the biggest benefits of using
OpenTX.
Delay Up/Dn: The response of the output can be delayed as the input changes.
(In seconds).
Slow Up/Dn: Regarding input changes, the response of the output can be slowed.
For example, slow speed can be used to slow down retraction driven by a normal
proportional servo. The output will cover the time in seconds from 100 to + 100%.

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4.4.5. Output（Outputs）
Total output page, final channel output overall settings

4.4.6 Curves
The curve can be used to modify the control response in the Inputs, Mixes, or
Outputs page. Standard curves containing Expo and Differential can be used directly in
these sections. This page is used to customize any kind of curve.
Can set up to 32 curves

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 The curve can be between 2 and 17 points and can have a fixed or user-definable
x coordinate.
X value represents input, such as the course of the gimbal from low to high
Y value represents output, such as the process of channel output from low to high

Name：Name the curve, easy to find when recalling the curve in other settings

Type：Curve type

Standard type, only Y point (output) can be edited, ranging from -100 to
Standard
100

Custom types, both X (input) and Y (output) points are editable, ranging
Custom
from -100 to 100

Count：The number of points on the curve, between 2 and 17.

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 Smooth：If checked, create a smooth curve through all points.

When customizing, move the cursor to X and Y coordinates, and change the
position of each coordinate point according to your needs.
Depending on the type selected above, this allows writing the X coordinate of a
standard curve, or the X and Y coordinates of a custom curve.

Long press the ENT key on the coordinate point to enter the submenu：

Preset：Select presets with slopes of -45 °, -33 °, -22 °, -11 °, 0 °, 11 °, 22 °, 33 °,

45 °. When defining more complex curves, choose reasonable presets Will reduce
some steps.

Mirror：Mirror the curve vertically.

Clear：Clear the current curve.

4.4.7. Global variables（Global Variables）

Global variables are customizable values that can be used as temporary values for
custom operations. In complex functions, the values of global variables are
automatically modified through certain trigger conditions for conditional judgment or
any other purpose. Global Variables can be used as input or output real-time
adjustment parameters, and can also be used as parameters in flight mode and curve
definition. Global variables can be used in any place where numerical values can be
entered to achieve some automated control.
They are also specific flight modes, which avoids having to use separate mixing
lines with different values for each flight mode. This greatly simplifies mixing pages
and makes them easier to understand.

47
 By using the "Adjust GVx" option in the Special Functions page, you can even
adjust global variables on the fly, so you can quickly optimize settings such as double-
rate ratio, exposure, differential, flap to elevator conversion, and more. If pop-ups are
enabled (indicated by! Next to the GV label), when the variable is updated, a pop-up
window with the variable name and new value will be displayed on the main view.
"Global" means that global variables can be used to set pages for the entire
model, but not for all models. Each model has its own set of global variables.
There are 9 global variables available.

Modify the value directly or press and hold the ENT key to pop up the sub-menu
to change the type and parameter of the global variable.

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 Name: Setting name
Unit: Units, switchable between normal and%
Precision: Precision, which can be used in decimal mode. You can set this mode
corresponding to the percentage.
Min: Minimum value, which can be limited when the value is changed
dynamically
Max: Maximum value, which can be limited when using dynamic change values
FM0-FM8: You can specify a value for each flight mode or set it to be the same as
the other flight modes. Press and hold the ENT key to switch the input value and
select the flight mode in this field. When editing a value, it will increment /
decrement by 1 or 0.1, depending on the "Precision" setting above.

4.4.8. Logic switches

The logic switch is a user-programmed virtual switch. Like the physical switch, the
logic switch is also a switch, but unlike the visible switch, which can be moved by hand,
the logic switch is an internal switch triggered by some conditions. The judgment
condition you set allows the remote control to automatically turn on or off the logic
switch to achieve a certain or a series of automated actions.

49
 The setting of the L01 example in the figure is expressed as follows: When the
return value A1 is less than 11.0V, the L01 switch is automatically turned on. In the
settings of other pages, L01 has the same function as the physical switch. You can
define the corresponding function for L01 on or off. In this way, a switch is
automatically executed according to the parameters that change in real time.
The remote control system provides 64 logic switches, each of which has three
judgment methods:
1. Compare the values of parameters a and b, a corresponds to V1, b corresponds
to V2, a and b can be any source, such as input source, channel, switch, or return item,
etc.
2. Compare the value of parameter a and data x, a corresponds to v1, x
corresponds to v2, and x is a fixed value, which is used to compare with parameter a
3. Parameter a can be compared with its own calculation result. For example, the
change of parameter a itself can affect the current state of the logic switch.
Functions

Triggered when the parameter v1 is equal to the data v2. For example, if
a=x the thr gimbal is less than -90, the current logic switch is turned on
when the thr gimbal is less than -90%.

Triggered when the parameter v1 is approximately equal to the data v2,

a～x
approximately equal to the range of about 10%

a>x Triggered when parameter v1 is greater than data v2

a<x Triggered when parameter v1 is less than data v2

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 Triggered when the absolute value of parameter v1 is greater than v2, the
|a|>x absolute value is that it will become positive no matter whether it is
positive or negative

|a|<x Triggered when the absolute value of parameter v1 is less than v2

AND operation is triggered when both parameters v1 and v2 meet the

conditions. For example, v1 is the switch SA ↑ and v2 is SB ↑ , which
AND
indicates that the current logic switch can be turned on when both SA and
SB switches are in the ↑ position.

OR operation, which can be triggered when one of the parameters v1 and

OR
v2 meets the conditions, or when all the conditions are met

Exclusive OR operation, triggered when one of the parameters v1 and v2

XOR meets the conditions, not triggered when all the conditions are met or all
the conditions are not met

Is a momentary switch (very short duration, about 30 ms), it will be

triggered when V1 meets the conditions

V1: Can be physical switch, logic switch, trim button

V2: It is divided into two parts [t1: t2], t1 is the minimum value, and t2 is
the maximum duration of V1. The logic switch is triggered only after t1
Edge when V1 meets the conditions, and is closed before t2.

If t2 is left as "---" then only t1 is applicable. When V1 changes from on to

off (ie falling edge), the logic switch will be triggered, and then the logic
switch will be turned on for 1 processing cycle (about 30 ms). If t2 is set to
"<<", the logic switch (ie, rising edge) is triggered when V1 changes from
off to on.

Triggered when the parameter v1 is equal to the parameter v2. For

a=b example, when the value of the thr gimbal and the value of the ail gimbal
are equal, the type of v2 at this time is not digital data, but a source

a>b Triggered when parameter v1 is greater than parameter v2

a<b Triggered when parameter v1 is less than parameter v2

△ is the mathematical symbol Delta (difference value). It is triggered

△≥x
when the difference of the parameter v1 itself is greater than or equal
51
 to the value of data v2. Switch, this item only judges the difference
when v1 changes from small to large

Triggered when the absolute value of the difference of the parameter v1

itself is greater than or equal to the value of v2. This judges the
|△|≥x
absolute value. Since the negative value also becomes positive, a
change from v1 to v or from v1 to trigger the current logic switch

The switch that automatically loops all the time. V1 is the on time and
Timer v2 is the off time. It can be defined by v1 and v2 to automatically cycle
at constant intervals.

Sticky v1 can only switch on, v2 can only switch off

AND Switch: With the arithmetic switch, this item can set any physical switch and
logic switch. The current logic switch can be triggered when the switch set by this
item and the current item meet the conditions
Duration: Hold time, the length of the current logic switch after it is triggered. If
there is no parameter, the default is always on. If this item is set for time (0.1-25
seconds), the current logic switch will automatically turn off after this time.
Delay: Delay, after the trigger is turned on, the range is 0.0 to 25 seconds.

4.4.9. Special Functions

The combination of logic switches, special functions, global variables, and
passback items opens up a variety of exciting new features for the RadioMaster TX16S.
E.g：

-Changes in battery voltage data returned by the receiver can trigger voice alerts
-Altitude data returned from the barometer on the aircraft, real-time broadcast of
the aircraft's altitude
-By defining voice for the switch, real-time voice broadcast operation on the
remote control
-Use logic switches and global variables to let the remote control perform a single
or a series of automated actions
-Call lua scripts with switches or logic switches for more advanced custom
functions
-Use the knob to adjust the volume
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 -Use the switch to adjust the backlight brightness
In addition to a few of the commonly used methods listed above, the ever-
changing features allow you to realize your imagination

The three examples in the picture are represented as：

SF1：When the SF switch position is ↑, the CH3 channel will be covered by -100.
Usually this setting is used to lock the throttle.

SF2：When the logic switch L01 is automatically turned on, lowbat (low battery
voltage) voice will be broadcasted. The rightmost 3s means that the voice will be
broadcasted every 3 seconds. Automatically turn on when

SF3：When the remote control is activated, the LS slider is defined as a function

to control the system volume
Each model can have 64 special functions. In addition, there are 64 global settings
that are common to all models. To use the global function, please enter the Global
Functions page in the remote control system settings to set it.
Each setting is activated with a trigger switch. You can select physical switches,
logical switches, fine-tuning buttons, and flight mode. There are two other special
options, ON and Ones (which are always enabled when the machine is turned on), and
One (which is performed only once when the machine is turned on)
Press and hold the ENT key to enter the sub-menu for displaying sources by
category. Scroll up or down to select the desired category and press the ENT key.

53
 The following functions are triggered by the switch selected above

Override Override channel value

Coach mode enable switch, it is recommended to set to SH rebound switch,
Trainer
this switch is used to activate or stop the operation of the student machine

Inst.Trim One-touch saves the current gimbal position as a fine-tuning value

Reset, you can choose to reset all or reset one way individually. The
Reset
content of the reset option is the same as that in the main interface.
Used to set the timer, set the timer time and turn on when the switch is
Set Time
turned on

Adjust the global variable Gvar and enter a fixed number directly
Press and hold the ent pop-up menu to change the way to set Gvar.
There are three options:
Adjust
Mixer Source: Set the value of Gvar with an input source
Global var, another global variable
Inc / Decrement: increase or decrease

Volume Select a knob or slider to adjust the volume

Use the switch to set the receiver's runaway protection anytime,

SetFailsfe
anywhere

Play a sound
Play Sound
! 1x: Play sound once, not at startup

54
 1x: Play sound once.
1s-60s: broadcast at intervals (seconds)

Play wav file in SD card, single broadcast and loop broadcast are the
Play Track
same as above

Voice broadcast value, can broadcast values from any source, such
Play Value
as real-time values such as gimbal, voltage, altitude, time, etc.

Call the specified script, and the script file should be placed in the /
Lua Script:
SCRIPTS / FUNCTIONS / folder of the SD card.

Background music, loop play wav files, take effect immediately after
BgMusic
power on

BgMusic II Pause background music

Vario Broadcast Vario value

Haptic shock

Start recording logs, save on SD card, can set time interval 0.2-25.5
SD Logs
seconds

To control the brightness of the backlight, you must first define the
backlight ON and OFF brightness in the system settings. This uses
Backlight
the switch to switch the corresponding ON and OFF brightness of
the backlight.

4.4.10. Custom Scripts

Custom script allows you to customize the functions of the remote control. The
scripting language used is Lua, which is a lightweight embeddable scripting language.
You need to implement custom functions in the remote control. There are three basic
types:
One-time: The script runs only once and then terminates. Initialization of some
parameters, and a wizard for creating a new model. The script is stored in the SCRIPTS
folder of the SD card.
Mix: A script that executes in a loop, similar to the main program, and is always
executed during remote operation.
Function: The script is called in Special Functions. This script is only allowed to
execute when the switch in the special function is turned on, and closed when the
switch is turned off.

55
 There are some caveats-if the script stops executing, you should never use Lua
model scripts to control any aspect of the model that might cause a crash. The reason
is that if the script tries to use too much CPU time or memory, it will be closed and it
will not run again when the model is selected.

“The Custom Scripts page is for mixed-type scripts that run continuously. These
scripts should be placed in the / SCRIPTS / MIXE / folder of the SD card.
There can be up to 9 custom scripts.
For script development and documentation, please refer to the OpenTX 2.3 Lua
Reference Guide:

https://legacy.gitbook.com/book/opentx/opentx-2-3-lua-reference-guide/details

4.4.11. Digital Transmission and Telemetry

Each value received via digital transmission is considered a separate sensor with
its own properties. Multiple identical sensor types can be connected, but the physical
ID must be changed. For example, a sensor for each battery in a 2-6S lithium battery,
or monitoring individual motor currents in a multi-motor model. Each sensor can be
reset individually with special functions.
Receiver Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI): The value transmitted by the receiver in
the model to the remote control, indicating the strength of the received signal. The
warning can be set to warn when it is below the minimum, indicating that you are in
danger beyond the flight range. Factors affecting signal quality include external
interference, long distances, poor steering or antenna damage, etc.

56
 It is not an absolute measurement, but a number that represents the ratio of the
signal to some initial "good" value. The number is relative, but can indicate that the
model may be close to the range limit of the controlling aircraft.
When the return signal is completely lost, the remote control will prompt “Lost
return signal”. Please note that due to a failure of the return link, the remote control
can no longer warn you of RSSI or any other alarm conditions, so no further alarm
sounds.

Digital settings：

57
5. External UART
The TX16s has two externally accessable 5v UART ports that are direct output non-
inverted TTL. Aux 1 is a 4 pin TTL UART, Aux 2 is a 5 pin TTL UART with a CTR
connection directly to the Radios MCU.

IMPORTANT NOTE!
Ensure the correct polarity and voltage are applied when connecting to
UART interface. Do not apply more than 5v to the UART port at any time.

External UARTS can be used for additional hardware and projects such as:

 Adding a bluetooh module.

 Updating compatible receivers

 External Telemetry Data

 Antenna Tracking

 And more!

58
______________________________________________________________________
EU Simple Declaration of Conformity
RadioMaster declares the radio equipment TX16s is in compliance with EU
directives Directive 2014/53/EU. Full text of the declaration of conformity is
available at the following website www.radiomasterrc.com

Manufacturer by
ShenZhen RadioMaster Co., Ltd
5th Floor, Yutian Building, No. 18 Yangtian Road, Xin’an Street, Baoan District,
Shenzhen, Guangdong.

______________________________________________________________________
FCC ID: 2AV3G-TX16S
FCC Information
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Part 15 of
the FCC rules. This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation. Full text of the declaration of
conformity is available at the following website www.radiomasterrc.com

CAUTION:
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. This product
contains a radio transmitter with wireless technology which has been tested and
found to be compliant with the applicable regulations governing a radio
transmitter in the 2.400GHz to 2.4835GHz frequency range.

Antenna Separation Distance

When operating your RadioMaster transmitter, please be sure to maintain a
separation distance of at least 20 cm between your body (excluding fingers, hands,
wrists, ankles and feet) and the antenna to meet RF exposure safety requirements
as determined by FCC regulations.
59