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QUALITY & RELIABILITY

ENGINEERING
Topic
Bench marking & Concurrent Engineering

Prepared by
Gamit Krishn (200840119533)
Bench marking Engineering
Defination :

 Benchmarking is defined as the process of


measuring products , services and process against
those of organizations known to be leaders in one
or more aspects of their operations.
Reason for Benchmarking
 Helps organization understand and develop a
critical attitude towards its business processes.
 Encourage an active learning process in the
organization .
 Organization can find new source for improvement
and new ways of doing things.
 Reference points are established for performance
measurement .
Steps in Benchmarking
1). Plan

 Prior to engaging in benchmarking it is imperative


that corporation stake holders identify the
activities that need to be benchmarked.
 An honest appraisal of the company's strengths,
weaknesses and problem areas would prove to be
of immense use when fine-tuning such a process.
2) Collection of information

 Information can be broadly classified under the sub texts


of primary data and secondary data.
 To clarify further, here, primary data refers to collection
of data directly from the benchmarked company /
companies itself, while secondary data refers to
information garnered from the press, publications or
websites.
 Exploratory research, market research, quantitative
research, informal conversations, interviews and
questionnaires, are still, some of the most popular
methods of collecting information.
3) Analysis of data

 Once sufficient data is collected, the proper analysis


of such information is of foremost importance.
 Data analysis, data presentation (preferably in
graphical format, for easy reference), results
projection, classifying the performance gaps in
processes, and identifying the root cause that leads
to the creation of such gaps (commonly referred to
as enablers), need to be then carried out.
4) Implementation

 This is the stage in the benchmarking process where it becomes


mandatory to walk the talk. This generally means that far
reaching changes need to be made, so that the performance
gap between the ideal and the actual is narrowed and
eliminated wherever possible.
 A formal action plan that promotes change should ideally be
formulated keeping the organization's culture in mind, so that
the resistance that usually accompanies change is minimized.
 Ensuring that the management and staff are fully committed to
the process and that sufficient resources are in place to meet
facilitate the necessary improvements would be critical in
making the benchmarking process, a success.
5) Monitoring

 As with most projects, in order to reap the maximum


benefits of the benchmarking process, a systematic
evaluation should be carried out on a regular basis.
 Assimilating the required information, evaluating the
progress made, re-iterating the impact of the
changes and making any necessary adjustments, are
all part of the monitoring process.
Advantages of Benchmarking
 Gain an independent perspective about how well
you perform compared to other companies.
 Drill down into performance gaps to identify areas
for improvement.
 Develop a standardized set of processes and
metrics.
 Enable a mindset and culture of continuous
improvement.
 Set performance expectations.
Disadvantages of Benchmarking
 It doesn't really measure effectiveness.
 It is often treated as a solo activity.
 There tends to be a certainly level of complacency.
Concurrent Engineering
 Defination:-Concurrent engineering, also known as
simultaneous engineering, is a method of designing
and developing products, in which the different stages
simultaneously, rather than consecutively.
 It decreases product development time and also the
time to market, leading to improved productivity and
reduced costs.
Principles of Concurrent Engineering
 The basic premise for concurrent engineering revolves
around two concepts.
 The first is the idea that all elements of a product's life-
cycle-from functionality, production, assembly, testing,
maintenance, environmental impact, and finally disposal
and recycling should be taken into careful -
consideration in the early design phases.
 The second concept is that design activities should all be
occurring at the same time, i.e., concurrently. The idea is
that the concurrent nature of these activities significantly
increases productivity and product quality.
 This way, errors and redesigns can be discovered
early in the design process when the project is still
flexible. By locating and fixing these issues early,
the design team can avoid what often become
costly errors as the project moves to more
complicated computational models and eventually
into the actual manufacturing of hardware.
Methodology or Aim of Concurrent
Engineering
 Concurrent Engineering aims to reduce the number
of redesigns, especially those resulting from post -
design input from support groups.

 By involving these groups in the initial design, less


iteration will be needed. The major iterations that
do occur will occur before the design becomes final.
Implementation
 The implementation of concurrent engineering
addresses three main areas: People, process, and
technology.
 It involves major organizational changes because it
requires the integration of people, business methods,
and technology and is dependent on cross - functional
working and teamwork rather than the traditional
hierarchical organization.
 One of the primary people issues is the formation of
teams. Collaboration rather than individual effort is
standard, and shared information is the key to success.
 Team members must commit to working cross
functionally, be collaborative, and constantly think
and learn.
 The role of the leader is to supply the basic
foundation and support for change, rather than to
tell the other team members what to do. Training
addressed at getting people to work together in
team plays an important role in the successful
implementation engineering. of concurrent
Example of the use of concurrent
Engineering
 Boeing's Ballistic Systems Division where concurrent
engineering was used in 1988 to develop a mobile
launcher for the MX missile and was able to reduce
design time by 40 % and cost by 10% in building
the prototype.
Advantages of Concurrent
Engineering
 It encourages multidisciplinary collaboration.
 It makes the design process faster.
 It reduces costs and increases quality by supporting
the entire project life cycle.
 It increases productivity by stopping mistakes in
their tracks.
Disadvantages of Concurrent
Engineering
 Room for mistakes is small as it impacts all the
departments or disciplines involved.
 Relies on everyone communication is critical.
 Complex to manage

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