Percentile Classes

2D Geometry
Part 02
STRAIGHT LINE

STRAIGHT LINE

(1) Slope
m = tan , 0   180 ,– < m< 
line parallel to x-axis → m = 0 ,
line parallel to y-axis → m =  ,
Line is equally inclined to both axes then m =  1(45or 135)
* Intercept cut on the axes is OA = a, OB = b & between axes is AB.
Eq. of St. line –
y

y = mx + c

 x
Where m = tan 

(a) y = mx + c, m = Slope, c = intercept on y – axis

(y 2 − y1)
(b) y – y1 = m(x– x1), y – y1 = (x – x1)
x2 − x1
y
(c) Intercept form x + =1
a b
y
x y
(0 , b) + =1
a b

x
(a , 0)
(d) x cos  + y sin  = p , 0    360, p is length of perpendicular from origin

p
 x
( x − x1 ) ( y − y1 )
(e) = =  r , P (x1  r cos , y1  r sin)
cos  sin 
y L
r P
A 
(h, k)

L’
x
ax1 + by1 + c
AP =
a cos  + b sin 

General Eq. of st. line is ax + by + c = 0 contain only two Arbitrary constant.

 
m = –  coeff. of x  , x intercept = – c , y intercept = – c

coeff. of y  a b
 Page 2 of 16

1. The equation of a line passing through the point (4, –6) and making 45 angle with x–axis is

(a) x – y – 10 = 0 (b) x – 2y – 16 = 0
(c) 2x – 3y – 22 = 0 (d) none of these

2. The equation of the straight line passing through (–a, 0) which makes with the axes a triangle of area T is

(a) 2Tx + a2y + 2aT = 0 (b) 2Tx – a2y + aT = 0

(c) 2Tx – a2y – 2aT = 0 (d) None of these

3. In the equation y – y1 = m(x – x1) if m and x1 are fixed and different lines are drawn for different values
of y1, then
(a) The lines will pass through a single point
(b) There will be a set of parallel lines
(c) There will be one line only (d) None

4. If A(1, 2); B(3, 4) and C(5, 6) are vertices of a triangle, then equation of its median through A is

(a) x + y + 1 = 0 (b) x – y + 1 = 0
(c) x + y – 1 = 0 (d) x – y – 1 = 0

5. If the equation of the sides of a rectangle are x = 2, x = – 4, y = 3 and y = – 5; then equations of its diagonals are

(a) 3y – 4x + 1 = 0, 3y + 4x + 7 = 0
(b) 3y – 4x – 1 = 0, 3y + 4x + 7 = 0
(c) 3y – 4x + 7 = 0, 3y + 4x – 1 = 0
(d) 3y – 4x + 2 = 0, 3y + 4x – 2 = 0

6. If the middle points of the sides BC, CA and AB of the triangle ABC be (1, 3), (5, 7) and (–5, 7) then
the equation of the side AB is

(a) x – y – 2 = 0 (b) x – y + 12 = 0
(c) x + y – 12 = 0 (d) None of these

7. The equations to the straight lines which passes through the origin and the trisect the portion of the
straight line 3x + y = 12 which is intercepted between the axes of coordinates is
(a) y = 2x, 2y = 5x (b) y = –2x, 2y = 3x
(c) y = 6x, 2y = 3x (d) None of these

8. If the reciprocals of the intercept made by a line on coordinate axes are m and n then its equation is

(a) mx + ny = mn (b) mx + ny = 1
1 x y
(c) mx + ny = (d) + =1
mn m n

9. If the point (3, –4) divides the intercept of a line between coordinate axis in the ratio 2 : 3, then its equation is

(a) 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 (b) 3x – 4 y + 1 = 0
(c) 2x – 3y = 0 (d) 2x – y = 10

10. If a line passes through the point (2, –3) and the sum of the intercept made by it on coordinate axes is –2,
then its equation is

(a) x + y + 1 = 0 or 3x – 2y = 12
(b) x – y + 2 = 0 or 3x + 2y = 12
(c) x + y + 2 = 0 or 3x + 3y = 7
(d) x + y + 3 = 0 or 3x – 3y = 5
11. A line meets the axes at points A and B such that the centroid of OAB is the point (a, b), then the
equation of the line is

x y x y
(a) + =1 (b) + =2
a b a b
x y x y
(c) + =3 (d) + =4
a b a b
 Page 3 of 16

12. The area of the triangle formed by the line x sin + y cos = sin 2 and the coordinate axes is

(a) sin 2 (b) cos 2

(c) 2 sin 2 (d) 2 cos 2

13. A straight line passes through the point (, ) and this point bisects the portion of the line intercepted
between the axes. Then the equation of the straight line is
x y x y
(a) + =1 (b) – =1
2 2 2 2
x y
(c) + =1 (d) none of these
 

14. A line forms a triangle of area 54 3 square units with the coordinate axes. The equation of the
line if the perpendicular drawn from the origin to line makes an angle of 600 with the x-axis is
(a) x – 3 y = 16 (b) x + 3 y = 17
(c) x + 3 y = 18 (d) none of these

15. If line passes through the point (3, 2) and whose slope ¾. Then coordinates of the points on the line
that are 5 units Away form the point is
(a) (7, 5) and (–1, –1) (b) (7, 5) and (–1, 1)
(c) (7, –5) and (–1, –1) (d) none of these

16. The distance of the point (2, 3) from the line 2x – 3y + 9 = 0 measured along a line making an angle of
450 with the x-axis is

(a) 4 2 (b) 3 2
(c) 2 (d) none

17. The centre of a square is at the origin and one vertex is A (2, 1). Then the coordinates of other vertices
of the square is

(a) (–1, 2), (–2, –1), (–1, –2)

(b) (–1, –2), (2, –1), (1, –2)
(c) (–1, –2), (–2, –1), (1, –2)
(d) (–1, 2), (–2, –1), (1, –2)

18. If a line passing through origin and making an angle 45 with x–axis, intersects a line x – 2y + 4 = 0 at a
point P, then OP is equal to

(a) 4 5 (b) 4 3
(c) 4 2 (d) 2 2


19. If the straight line through the point P(3, 4) makes an angle with the x–axis and meets the line
6
12x + 5y + 10 = 0 at Q, then the length PQ is

132 132
(a) (b)
12 3 + 5 12 3 − 5
132 132
(c) (d)
5 3 + 12 5 3 − 12

20. If 3x – 4y = 8 and 2ax + 3by + 12 = 0 represents the same straight lines, then

3 −4 −9
(a) a = ,b= (b) a = ,b=2
2 3 4
−3 4
(c) a = 3, b = – 4 (d) a = ,b=
2 3
21. The equation of a line through the point of intersection of the lines 3x – 2y – 1 = 0 and x – 4y + 3 = 0,
and passing through the point (, 0) is
(a) x – y =  (b) x – y =  (1 + y)
(c) x – y =  (1 – y) (d) x + y = (1 + y)
 Page 4 of 16

Angle between two lines

m1 − m2
*. y1 = m1 x + c1, y2 = m2x + c2 , then tan  =
1 + m1m2
y = m1x + c1

180-


y = m2x + c2

This formula fails if m1 or m2 = . Then use following formula

a1b2 − a 2b1
If a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 & a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are two lines then tan  =
a1a 2 + b1b2
(a) parallel → m1= m2 or a1 b2– a2 b1 = 0 or a1/a2 = b1/b2
(b) ⊥ r → m1.m2 = – 1 or a1 a2 + b1 b2 = 0
a b c a b
(c) 1 = 1 = 1 then lines are coincident (d) 1  1 then lines intersect
a 2 b2 c2 a 2 b2
a1
* a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 & b2y + c2 = 0 then tan  =
b1
b1
* Angle between lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + c2 = 0 then tan  =
a1
Eq. of any line parallel to ax + by + c = 0 → ax + by  k = 0
Eq. of line ⊥r to ax + by + c = 0 → bx – ay  k = 0
The Eq. line passing through ( x1 , y1 ) is parallel or perpendicular to ax + by + c = 0 is
ax + by = ax1 + by1 or bx – ay = bx1 – ay1
Eg. The Eq. of line through (2,3) and ⊥ r 4x – 3y = 10 is 3x + 4y = 3.2 + 4.3
* The Eq. of the line passing through (x1, y1) and which inclined at an angle  to the line y = mx + c is (
C(x1, y1)

 B

A y = mx + c

y – y1 = m  tan  (x – x1) = tan (  ) (x – x1)

1 m tan 
(a) This formula is used for → isosceles right angle triangle, equilateral triangle, square.

(b) Foot of ⊥ r
A(x1 , y1)

A’
( x − x1 ) ( y − y1 ) (ax1 + by + c)
For B → = = –
a b (a 2 + b 2 )
( x − x1 ) ( y − y1 ) 2(ax1 + by1 + c)
Image A'→ = =–
a b (a 2 + b 2 )
* Point of intersection of a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 & a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
x y 1
(1) = =
(b1c2 − b2 c1 ) (c1a2 − c2 a1 ) (a1b2 − a2 b1 )
a1 b1 c1
(2) If lines are identical then = =
a 2 b2 c 2
* Area of triangle formed by y = m1x + c1,y = m2x + c2, y = m3x + c3
 (c − c ) (c − c ) (c − c )
2 2 2 
Area ABC = 1  1 2 + 2 3 + 3 1 
2  m1 − m2 m − m m3 − m1 
 2 3
 Page 5 of 16

22. The area of the triangle formed by the lines y = x, y = 2x and y = 3x + 4 is

(a) 4 (b) 8
(c) 2 (d) 6

23. The sides of a triangle are : y = m1x + c1, y = m2x + c2, and x = 0. Its area is
1 (c1 − c2 ) 2 1 (c1 + c2 ) 2
(a) (b)
2 m1 − m2 2 m1 − m2
1 (c1 − c2 ) 2
(c) (d) None of these
2 m1 + m2
x y x y
24. The angle between the lines + = 1 and − = 1 is
a b a b
a 2 + b2 2ab
(a) tan–1 (b) tan–1 2 2
a 2 − b2 a +b
a 2 − b2 2ab
(c) tan–1 2 (d) tan–1 2
a + b2 a − b2

25. The angle between the line x – 3 y + 5 = 0 and y–axis is

(a) 300 (b) 600

(c) 900 (d) 450

26. The gradients of the line making angles 45 with the line y = 3x + 5 are

1
(a) 1, –1 (b) 3, –
3
1 1
(c) − ,2 (d) –2,
2 2

27. If the line passing through (4, 3) and (2, ) is perpendicular to y = 2x + 3, then  equal to

(a) –1 (b) 1
(c) – 4 (d) 4

28. The equation of the line passing through the point (2, 3) and perpendicular to the line joining
(–5, 6) and (–6, 5) is

(a) x + y + 5 = 0 (b) x – y + 5 = 0
(c) x – y – 5 = 0 (d) x + y – 5 = 0

x y
29. The equation of a line perpendicular to the line − = 1 and passing through the point where it
b a
meets x–axis, is
x y x y a
(a) + =1 (b) − =
a b b a b
x y x y b
(c) + =0 (d) + =
b a b a a

30. The equation a line perpendicular to the line 5x – 2y + 7 = 0 and passing through the point of intersection
of the lines y = x + 7 and x + 2y + 1 = 0 is

(a) 2x + 5y = 0 (b) 2x + 5y = 20
(c) 2x + 5y = 10 (d) None of these

31. The equation to the straight line passing through the point (a cos3, a sin3) and perpendicular to the
line x sec  + y cosec  = a, is
(a) x cos  – y sin  = a cos 2
(b) x cos  + y sin  = a cos 2
(c) x sin  + y cos  = a cos 2
(d) None
 Page 6 of 16

32. The equation of the line parallel to 2x – 3y = 4 which makes with the axes a triangle of area 12 units, is

(a) 3x + 2y = 6 (b) 2x – 3y = 12
(c) 2x – 3y = 6 (d) 3x + 2y = 12
1
33. (0, 0), (–3, 1) and (–1, –3) are vertices of a OBC. The equation of a line at a distance from O
2
which is parallel to BC and cuts OB and OC is

(a) 2x + 2y + 2 = 0 (b) 2x + 2y – 2 = 0
(c) 2x – 2y + 2 = 0 (d) None of these

34. The foot of the perpendicular from the point (0, 5) on the line 3x – 4y – 5 = 0 is

(a) (1, 3) (b) (2, 3)

(c) (3, 2) (d) (3, 1)

35. The reflection of the point (3, 8) with respect to the line x + 3y = 7 is

(a) (5, –6) (b) (–1, –4)

(c) (0, –1) (d) (–9, –4)

36. If the image of the point (,  – 1) by the line mirror 3x + y = 6 is the point (2 + 1, ). Then  is

(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 2 (d) none

37. If the image of the point (2, 1) with respect to the line mirror be (5, 2), The equation of the mirror is

(a) 3x + y = 12 (b) x + 3y = 12
(c) 3x – y = 12 (d) none

38. The equation of the perpendicular bisectors of the sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC are respectively
x – y + 5 = 0 and x + 2y = 0. if the co-ordinates of A are (1, –2 ), Then the equation of BC is

(a) 14x + 23y – 40 = 0 (b) 14x – 23y – 40 = 0

(c) 14x + 23y + 40 = 0 (d) none

39. The equation of a line passing through the point (h, k) and making an angle of tan–1m with the
line y = mx + c, are
(a) y = k, x = h
(b) y = k, (1 – m2) (y – k) = 2m(x – h)
(c) x = h, (1 – m2) (y – k) = 2m(x – h)
(d) None

Length Of Perpendicular
ax1 + by1 + c
Length of ⊥ r from (x1, y1) on ax + by + c = 0, then p = ,
(a 2 + b 2 )
Distance between two parallel lines ax + by + c1 = 0 & ax + by + c2 = 0 then
c1 − c2
d= (Make coefficient of x & y same)
(a 2 + b 2 )
P1  P2
Area of a parallelogram is A = , P1, P2 are distance between | | pair of lines and 
sin
is angle between two adjacent side . If equation of sides are
y = m1x + c1, y = m2x + c2, y = m1x + c3, y = m2x + c4, then
(c1 − c3 )(c 2 − c 4 )
A=
m1 − m2
Area of rhombus given by the 4 lines
ax  by  c = 0 is 2c2/ab
 Page 7 of 16

x y
40. If p be the length of the perpendicular from the origin on the line + = 1, then
a b
1 1
(a) p2 = a2 + b2 (b) p2 = +
a 2 b2
1 1 1
(c) = + (d) none of these
p 2 a 2 b2

41. The equation of the base of an equilateral triangle is x + y = 2 and the vertex is (2, –1). The length
of the side of the triangle is

3
(a) (b) 2
2
2
(c) (d) None of these
3
x y
42. The point of the x–axis whose perpendicular distance from the line + = 1 is a, are
a b

a ,0
(a)   b  a 2 + b 2
b   
b 
(b)   b  a 2 + b 2 ,0
a   
a ,0 (d) None of these
(c)   a  a 2 + b 2
b   

43. The points on the line x + y = 4 which lie at a unit distance from the line 4x + 3y = 10, are

(a) (3, 1), (–7, 11) (b) (3, 1), (7, 11)
(c) (–3, 1), (–7, 11) (d) (1, 3), (–7, 11)

44. The equation of two straight lines which are parallel to x + 7y + 2 = 0 and at unit distance form the point
(1, –1).
(a) x + 7y + 6  52 = 0 (b) x – 7y + 6  52 = 0
(c) x + 7y – 6  52 = 0 (d) none of these

x y
45. If 2p is the length of the perpendicular from the origin to the lines + = 1, then a2, 8p2, b2 are in
a b

(a) A.P. (b) G.P.

(c) H.P. (d) None of these

46. If A and B are two points on the line 3x + 4y + 15 = 0 such that OA = OB = 9 units, then the area of the triangle OAB
is

(a) 18 sq. units (b) 18 2 sq. units

18
(c) sq. units (d) None of these
2

47. The distance between the lines 5x + 12y + 13 = 0 and 5x + 12y = 9 is

22 11
(a) (b)
17 13
22 13
(c) (d)
13 22

48. The area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines x + y = 1, x + y = 3, 3x – 4y = 1, 3x – 4y = 5 is

x + y = 1, x + y = 3, 3x – 4y = 1, 3x – 4y = 5
8 4
(a) (b)
7 7
16 28
(c) (d)
7 25
 Page 8 of 16

49. The diagonals of the parallelogram whose sides are lx + my + n = 0, lx + my + n' = 0,

mx + ly + n = 0, mx + ly + n' = 0 include an angle

 
(a) (b)
3 2
 l 2 − m2 
(c) tan −1   (d) tan −1  2lm 

 l 2 + m2   2
   l + m2 

ANGLE BISECTOR
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 & a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
C

N
P (x, y )

A

M
B
(a) make constant term is +ve
(b) a1a2 + b1b2 < 0 then angle between the lines that contain the origin is acute and eq- of bisector is
ax1 + by1 + c1 ax 2 + by 2 + c2
= + acute and – ive obtuse
(a1 + b1 )
2 2
(a 2 2 + b2 2 )
(c) a1a2 + b1b2 > 0 + ve → obtuse, – ve → acute Angle bisectors are always ⊥r to each other

50. The bisector of the angle between the lines 3x– 4y + 7= 0 and 12x + 5y – 2 = 0 which contains the origin, is

(a) 11x – 3y + 9 = 0 (b) 21x + 77y – 101 = 0

(c) 11x + 3y – 9 = 0 (d) 21x + 77y + 101 = 0

51. The locus of the point equidistant from the lines 3x + 4y = 5 and 12x + 5y = 7

(a) 7x – 9y + 10 = 0 (b) 7x + 9y + 10 = 0
(c) –7x + 9y + 10 = 0 (d) 7x + 9y – 10 = 0

52. The equation of the bisector of the acute angle between the lines 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 and
12x + 5y – 2 = 0 is

(a) 21x + 77y – 101 = 0 (b) 11x – 3y + 9 = 0

(c) 31x + 77y + 101 = 0 (d) 11x – 3y – 9 = 0

CONCURRENCY OF LINE
(a) If L1 = a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ....... (1) & L2= a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 .... (2) intersect then any line
passing through intersection (1) and (2) is L1 + L2 = 0
(b) a1x + b1y + c1 = 0, a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, a3x+ b3y + c3 = 0,
a1 b1 c1
are concurrent then a2 b2 c2 =0
a3 b3 c3

* Equation of transformation, when origin is shifted to

(h ,k)axes remaining parallel are
x = x1 + h , y = y1 + k

* Equation of transformation when origin is fixed and axes are rotated by an angle  are
x = x1 cos  – y1 sin  and y = y1 cos  + x1 sin .
* The general equation of transformation are
x = x1 cos  – y1 sin  + h and y = x1 sin  + y1 cos  + k .

53. If the line y = mx meets the lines x + 2y – 1 = 0 and 2x – y + 3 = 0 at the same point, then m is equal to
(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 2 (d) –2
 Page 2 of 16

54. If the lines lx + my + n = 0, mx + ny + 1 = 0 and nx + ly + m = 0 are concurrent, then

(a) l + m + n = 0 (b) l – m – n = 0
(c) l + m – n = 0 (d) m + n –l = 0

55. For every value of p and q, the line (p + 2q)x + (p – 3q)y = p – q passes through the fixed point

 3 5  2 2
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 2 2  5 5
 3 3  2 3
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
 5 5  5 5

56. Each member of the family of straight line (3 sin  + 4cos ) x + ( 2sin – 7cos ) y + ( sin + cos) = 0
( is a parameter passes through a fixed point is
 − 11 2   11 2 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 29 29   29 29 
 11 5 
(c)  ,  (d) none
 29 29 

57. The system of the lines ax + by + c = 0 where 3a + 2b + 4c = 0 , passes through the point
 1 3
(a) (0, 0) (b)  , 
 2 4
 3 1
(c)  ,  (d) None
 4 2
58. If the lines x + 2y – 9 = 0, 3x – 5y – 5 = 0 and ax + by = 1 are concurrent then the line
5x + 2y = 1 passes through the point

(a) (a, –b) (b) (–a, b)

(c) (a, b) (d) (a, –b)

59. If the algebraic sum of the perpendiculars from the points (3, 4) and (7, 2) on a variable line is three times the
perpendicular from (1, 3) on that line, then the line always passes through a fixed-point is

(a) (–7, 3) (b) (– 6, 2)

(c) (–5, 3) (d) none
60. The reflection of the line px + qy + r = 0 in the line x + y + 1 = 0 is (where p  q.)

(a) qx + py +(p + q – r) = 0
(b) qx – py +(p + q + r) = 0
(c) qx + py – (p + q – r) = 0
(d) none of these
ANSWERS

1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. A

13. A 14. C 15. A 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. A 24. D
25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C
37. A 38. A 39. B 40. C 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. C 48. A
49. B 50. A 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. C 59. A 60. A
 Page 3 of 16

EXERCISE - 2
1. The equations of the lines which cuts off an intercept – 1 from y-axis are equally inclined to the axes are
(a) x − y + 1 = 0, x + y + 1 = 0
(b) x − y − 1 = 0, x + y − 1 = 0
(c) x − y − 1 = 0, x + y + 1 = 0
(d) None of these
2. The equation of the line passing through the point (1, 2) and perpendicular to the line x + y + 1 = 0 is
(a) y − x + 1 = 0 (b) y − x − 1 = 0
(c) y − x + 2 = 0 (d) y − x − 2 = 0
3. A line passes through the point of intersection of 2 x + y = 5 and x + 3 y + 8 = 0 and parallel to the line
3x + 4 y = 7 is

(a) 3x + 4 y + 3 = 0 (b) 3x + 4 y = 0
(c) 4 x − 3 y + 3 = 0 (d) 4 x − 3 y = 3

4. Equations of the two straight lines passing through the point (3, 2) and making an angle of 45o with the line
x − 2 y = 3, are
(a) 3x + y + 7 = 0 and x + 3 y + 9 = 0
(b) 3x − y − 7 = 0 and x + 3 y − 9 = 0
(c) x + 3 y − 7 = 0 and x + 3 y − 9 = 0
(d) None of these
5. The equations of two lines through (0, a) which are at distance ‘a’ from the point (2a, 2a) are

(a) y − a = 0 and 4 x − 3 y − 3a = 0
(b) y − a = 0 and 3x − 4 y + 3a = 0
(c) y − a = 0 and 4 x − 3 y + 3a = 0
(d) None of these
6. The equation to the straight line passing through the point of intersection of the lines 5x − 6 y − 1 = 0 and
3x + 2 y + 5 = 0 and perpendicular to the line 3x − 5 y + 11 = 0 is

(a) 5x + 3 y + 8 = 0 (b) 3x − 5 y + 8 = 0
(c) 5x + 3 y + 11 = 0 (d) 3x − 5 y + 11 = 0

7. The equation of the line which makes right angled triangle with axes whose area is 6 sq. units and whose
hypotenuse is of 5 units, is
x y x y
(a) + = 1 (b) − =3
4 3 4 3
x y x y
(c) + = 1 (d) − =  1
6 1 1 6
8. If a and b are two arbitrary constants, then the straight line (a − 2b) x + (a + 3b) y + 3a + 4b = 0 will pass
through

(a) (−1, − 2) (b) (1, 2)

(c) (−2, − 3) (d) (2, 3)
9. The equation of the straight line passing through the point (4, 3) and making intercepts on the co-ordinate
axes whose sum is – 1 is
x y x y
(a) − = 1 and + =1
2 3 −2 1
x y x y
(b) − = −1 and + = −1
2 3 −2 1
x y x y
(c) − = 1 and + = 1
2 3 2 1
 Page 4 of 16

 x y
(d) and + = −1
3 −2 1
x y x y
10. Angle between the lines + = 1 and − = 1 is
a b a b

b 2ab
(a) 2 tan −1 (b) tan −1
a a + b2
2

a 2 − b2
−1
(c) tan (d) None of these
a 2 + b2
11. If the lines y = 3x + 1 and 2 y = x + 3 are equally inclined to the line y = mx + 4, then m =
1+ 3 2 1− 3 2
(a) (b)
7 7
1 3 2 1 5 2
(c) (d)
7 7
12. If the lines y = (2 + 3) x + 4 and y = kx + 6 are inclined at an angle 60o to each other, then the value of k
will be
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) – 1 (d) – 2
13. If the line 2 x + 3ay − 1 = 0 and 3x + 4 y + 1 = 0 are mutually perpendicular, then the value of a will be
1
(a) (b) 2
2
1
(c) − (d) None of these
2
14. The bisector of the acute angle formed between the lines 4 x − 3 y + 7 = 0 and 3x − 4 y + 14 = 0 has the
equation

(a) x + y + 3 = 0 (b) x − y − 3 = 0
(c) x − y + 3 = 0 (d) 3x + y − 7 = 0
15. The distance of the point of intersection of the lines 2 x − 3 y + 5 = 0 and 3x + 4 y = 0 from the line 5x − 2 y = 0
is
130 13
(a) (b)
17 29 7 29
130
(c) (d) None of these
17
x y
16. The product of the perpendiculars drawn from the points (  a 2 − b 2 ,0) on the line cos  + sin  = 1 , is
a b
2 2
(a) a (b) b
(c) a 2 + b2 (d) a 2 − b2
17. Distance between the lines 5x + 3 y − 7 = 0 and 15x + 9 y + 14 = 0 is
35 1
(a) (b)
34 3 34
35 35
(c) (d)
3 34 2 34
18. If the lines ax + 2 y + 1 = 0, bx + 3 y + 1 = 0 and cx + 4 y + 1 = 0 are concurrent, then a, b, c are in
(a) A. P. (b) G. P.
(c) H. P. (d) None of these
19. Coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from (0,0) to the line joining (a cos  , a sin  ) and
(a cos  , a sin  ) are
a b
(a)  , 
2 2
a a 
(b)  (cos  + cos  ), (sin  + sin  ) 
2 2 
 Page 5 of 16

  +  + 
(c)  cos ,sin 
 2 2 
(d) None of these
20. The foot of the coordinates drawn from (2, 4) to the line x + y = 1 is
1 3  1 3
(a)  ,  (b)  − , 
3 2  2 2
4 1 3 1
(c)  ,  (d)  , − 
3 2 4 2
21. If (– 2, 6) is the image of the point (4, 2) with respect to line L = 0, then L =
(a) 3x – 2y + 5 (b) 3x – 2y + 10
(c) 2x + 3y – 5 (d) 6x – 4y – 7
22. A line 4 x + y = 1 passes through the point A(2, − 7) meets the line BC whose equation is 3x − 4 y + 1 = 0 at
the point B. The equation to the line AC so that AB = AC, is
(a) 52 x + 89 y + 519 = 0 (b) 52 x + 89 y − 519 = 0
(c) 89 x + 52 y + 519 = 0 (d) 89 x + 52 y − 519 = 0
23. If straight lines ax + by + p = 0 and x cos  + y sin  − p = 0 include an angle  / 4 between them and
meet the straight line x sin  − y cos  = 0 in the same point, then the value of a 2 + b2 is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
24. The line 3x + 2 y = 24 meets y -axis at A and x-axis at B. The perpendicular bisector of AB meets the line
through (0, −1) parallel to x-axis at C. The area of the triangle ABC is
(a) 182sq. units (b) 91sq. units
(c) 48sq. units (d) None of these
1 
25. A line L passes through the points (1, 1) and (2, 0) and another line L passes through  , 0  and
2 
perpendicular to L. Then the area of the triangle formed by the lines L, L ' and y- axis, is
(a) 15/8 (b) 25/4
(c) 25/8 (d) 25/16

SOLUTION
EXERCISE - 2

1. (c) Here c = −1 and m = tan  = tan 45o = 1

(Since the line is equally inclined to the axes, so  = 45o )
Hence equation of straight line is y = (1. x) −1
 x − y − 1 = 0 and x + y + 1 = 0 .
2. (b) The line perpendicular to the line x + y + 1 = 0 is y − x +  = 0 . Also, it passes through the point (1, 2);
  = −1 . Hence, required line is y − x − 1 = 0 .
21 23
3. (a) Point of intersection y = − and x =
5 5
3(23) + 4(−21) 69 − 84
 3x + 4 y = = = −3 .
5 5
Hence, required line is 3x + 4 y + 3 = 0 .
1
4. (b) Slope of given line is .
2
1
m−
Thus tan 45o =  2  m = 3 .
1
1 + m.
2
Hence option (b) is correct.
 Page 6 of 16

5. (c) Equation of any line through (0, a) is

y − a = m ( x − 0) or mx − y + a = 0 …..(i)
m(2a) − 2a + a 4
If the length of perpendicular from (2a, 2a) to the line (i) is ‘a’, then a =   m = 0, .
m2 + 1 3
Hence the required equations of lines are y − a = 0 , 4 x − 3 y + 3a = 0 .
6. (a) The point of intersection of 5x − 6 y − 1 = 0 and 3x + 2 y + 5 = 0 is (−1, − 1) . Now the line perpendicular
to 3x − 5 y + 11 = 0 is 5x + 3 y + k = 0 , but it passes through (−1, −1)  −5 − 3 + k = 0  k = 8
Hence required line is 5x + 3 y + 8 = 0 .
x y
7. (a) If the line is + = 1 , then the intercepts on the axes are a and b .
a b
1
Therefore the area is | a  b |= 6 | ab |= 12 …..(i)
2
and hypotenuse is 5, therefore a2 + b2 = 25 …..(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii), we get
a = 4 or 3 and b = 3 or 4
x y x y
Hence equation of line is   = 1 or   = 1 .
4 3 3 4
x y
Trick: Check with options. Obviously, the line + = 1 satisfies both the conditions.
4 3
8. (a) (a − 2b) x + (a + 3b) y + 3a + 4b = 0
or a ( x + y + 3) + b (−2x + 3 y + 4) = 0 , which represents a family of straight lines through point of
intersection of x + y + 3 = 0 and −2 x + 3 y + 4 = 0 i.e, (– 1, – 2).
Trick : Point (–1, –2) satisfies the given equation of straight line.
x y
9. (a) Here a + b = −1. Required line is − = 1 .....(i)
a 1+ a
Since line (i) passes through (4, 3)
4 3
 − = 1  4 + 4a − 3a = a + a2
a 1+ a
 a2 = 4  a = 2
x y x y
 Required lines are − = 1 and + = 1.
2 3 −2 1
10. (a) The lines are bx + ay − ab = 0 and bx − ay − ab = 0 .
Hence the required angle is
ab − (−ab) 2ab b
tan −1 = tan −1 2 = 2 tan −1 .
b + (−a )
2 2
b −a 2
a
1
11. (d) m1 = 3, m2 = and m3 = m
2
Let the angle between first and third line is  1 and between second and third is  2 , then
1
m−
3− m 2
tan 1 = and tan  2 =
1 + 3m 1+
m
2
1
m−
3− m 2
But 1 =  2  =
1 + 3m 1 + m
2
1 5 2
 7m2 − 2m − 7 = 0  m = .
7
k − (2 + 3)
12. (c) = 3 or k − 2 − 3 = 3 + k 2 3 + 3k ,
1 + k (2 + 3)
 Page 7 of 16

−2(1 + 3)
k= = −1 .
2(1 + 3)
 −2   −3  −1
13. (c)     = −1 or a = 2 .
 3a   4 
14. (c) The equation of bisector of acute angle formed between the lines 4 x − 3 y + 7 = 0 and 3x − 4 y + 14 = 0
4x − 3y + 7 3 x − 4 y + 14
is =−
16 + 9 16 + 9
 7 x − 7 y + 21 = 0  x − y + 3 = 0 .
15 −4 15 −20
15. (a) Points of intersection are y =,x = =
17 3 17 17
 −20   15 
5  − 2 
Therefore D =
 17   17 
=
130
.
29 17. 29

 b a 2 − b2 cos  + 0 − ab  −b a 2 − b 2 cos  − ab 
16. (b)   
 b2 cos 2  + a 2 sin 2   b2 cos 2  + a 2 sin 2  
  
−[b 2 (a 2 − b 2 )cos 2  − a 2b 2 ]
=
(b 2 cos 2  + a 2 sin 2  )
b 2 [a 2 − a 2 cos 2  + b 2 cos 2  ]
=
b 2 cos 2  + a 2 sin 2 
b 2 [a 2 sin 2  + b 2 cos 2  ] 2
= =b .
b 2 cos 2  + a 2 sin 2 
17. (c) Given lines are 5x + 3 y − 7 = 0 .....(i)
14
and 15x + 9 y + 14 = 0 or 5 x + 3 y + = 0 .....(ii)
3
lines (i) and (ii) are parallel. Since c1 and c2 are of opposite signs, therefore the lines are on opposite
sides of the origin. So the distance between them is
c1 c2 −7 14 35
= + = + = .
a12 + b12 a22 + b2 34 3 34 3 34
18. (a) It is given that the lines ax + 2 y + 1 = 0 , bx + 3 y + 1 = 0 and cx + 4 y + 1 = 0 are concurrent, therefore
a 2 1
b 3 1 =0
c 4 1
 −a + 2b − c = 0  2b = a + c
 a, b, c are in A. P.
19. (b) Slope of perpendicular
 cos  − cos    +
=–   = tan
 sin  − sin   2
Hence equation of perpendicular is
 +  
y = tan   x …..(i)
 2 
Now on solving the equation (i) with the line, we get the required point.
20. (b) Applying the formula, the required foot is
 12  2 − 1 1 4 + 1 12  4 − 1 1 2 + 1   1 3 
 ,  = − ,  .
 12 + 12 12 + 12   2 2
 1 3
Trick : Here, in options only point  − ,  is satisfying the given equation of line.
 2 2
 Page 8 of 16

 −2 + 4 6 + 2 
21. (a) The mid point of P(−2, 6) and Q(4, 2) is  ,  i.e., (1, 4) and the gradient of line
 2 2 
2 − 6 −2 P(4, 2)
PQ = =
4+2 3
3
 The slope of L =
2 L
Q (–2, 6)

3
Hence the equation of line which passes through point (1, 4) is y − 4 = ( x − 1)  3x − 2 y + 5 = 0 .
2
3
22. (a) Slopes of AB and BC are – 4 and respectively. If  be the angle between AB and BC , then
4
3
−4 −
tan  = 4 = 19 .....(i)
3 8 A 4x+y = 1
1− 4 
4  
Since AB = AC 3x–4y+1=0
 ABC = ACB = C B
Thus the line AC also makes an angle  with BC. If m be the slope of the line AC, then its equation is
y + 7 = m( x − 2) .....(ii)
 3 
 m − 4  19 4m − 3
Now tan  =     =
1 + m. 
3 8 4 + 3m
 4
52
 m = −4 or – .
89
52
But slope of AB is – 4, so slope of AC is − .
89
Therefore the equation of line AC given by (ii) is 52 x + 89 y + 519 = 0 .

23. (b) It is given that the lines ax + by + p = 0 and x cos  + y sin  = p are inclined at an angle .
4
a cos 
− +

Therefore tan = b sin 
4 1 + a cos 
b sin 
 a cos  + b sin  = −a sin  + b cos  .....(i)
It is given that the lines ax + by + p = 0 , x cos  + y sin  − p = 0 and x sin  − y cos  = 0 are
concurrent.
a b p
 cos  sin  −p = 0
sin  − cos  0
 −ap cos  − bp sin  − p = 0  −a cos  − b sin  = 1
 a cos  + b sin  = −1 ......(ii)
From (i) and (ii), −a sin  + b cos  = −1
From (ii) and (iii),
(a cos  + b sin  ) 2 + ( −a sin  + b cos  ) 2 = 2
 a 2 + b2 = 2 .
24. (b) The coordinates of A and B are (0,12) and (8,0) respectively. The equation of the perpendicular bisector
2
of AB is y − 6 = ( x − 4) or 2 x − 3 y + 10 = 0 .....(i)
3
 Page 9 of 16

Equation of a line passing through (0, –1) and parallel to x-axis is y = −1. This meets (i) at C, Therefore
 13 
the coordinates of C are  − , −1 .
 2 
Hence the area of the triangle ABC is

0 12 1
1
= 8 0 1 = 91 sq. units.
2
13
− −1 1
2
25. (d) Here L  x + y = 2 and L  2 x − 2 y = 1 .
Equation of y-axis is x = 0
 1 5 3
Hence the vertices of the triangle are A(0, 2), B  0, −  and C  ,  . Therefore, the area of the
 2 4 4

0 2 1
1 1 25
triangle is 0 − 1 = .
2 2 16
5 3
1
4 4