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A.
Activity 1
Philosopher Theory Philosophy Description of the self

CLASSICAL PHILOSOPERS
1.Socrates Know thyself The unexamined life is “The only good is

not worth living knowledge and the
only evil is ignorance”.
Knowing and
understanding the self-
denotes that man must
stand and live
according to his nature.
2.Plato Plato’s three element The soul is immortal the self is synonymous
of the psyche with the soul.
-appetites
-spirited
-mind
3.Aristotle What is the essence of
the body and soul are “THE SOUL IS THE
life? To serve othersnot two separate ESSENCE OF THE SELF”
and do good elements but are one
thing. The soul is
simply the form of the
body, and is not
capable of existing
without
the body.
MIDDLE AGES PHILOOPHERS
1.John Locke the human mind at the self, or personal The Self Is
birth is tabula rasa or identity, is constructed Consciousness
blank slate. pimarily from sense
experiences
2. David Hume What people The idea of personal There Is No Self
experience is just a identity is a result of
collection of different imagination.
perceptions,
impressions,
sensations,
ideas, thoughts, and
images.
3. Immanuel Kant the self-constructs its Through our We Construct The Self
own reality creating rationality, the self
a world that is familiar transcends sense
and predictable. experience
4 Gilbert Ryle “I act therefore I The Self Is the Way “The self is the same as
am.” People Behave bodily behavior”
5
MODERN TIMES PHILOSOPHERS
1. Paul and Patricia All we The self is inseparable The Self Is the Brain
Churchland have is the brain and from the brain and the
so, if the brain is gone, physiology of the body.
there is no self. It is the
brain and not
the imaginary mind
that gives us our sense
of self.
2Maurice Merleau- All knowledge of The Self Is Embodied
Ponty ourselves and our Subjectivity The self can never be
world is based on truly objectified or
subjective experience. known in a completely
objective sort of way.
1. Should Heinz have stolen the drugs? Explain.
- Heinz should steal the drugs because the life of his wife only depends on the drug.
2. Would it change anything if Heinz did not love his wife? Explain.
-Yes, because love pushes him at the point that he can sacrifice his reputation just because of his wife so
if Heinz didn’t love his wife he can’t do this.
3. What if the person dying was a stranger, would it make any difference?
-In post-conventional it must be NO it didn’t make any difference but as Khol Berg said that few can
reach this stage, so meaning yes it make difference if the person dying is stranger because why would
you sacrifices your reputation just for a person that you didn’t know.
4. Should the police arrest the chemist for murder if the woman died?
- In Laws it must be arrested, because life is more valuable than profit.
Theorist Theory Short description/main idea of

theory
Sigmund Freud The psychoanalytic of the self -the self-consist of three layers,
the conscious, Unconscious and
pre-conscious. And also it has a
3 component of personality Id
which is in the unconscious
which is immature, pleasure
seeking and etc.
Erik Erikson The psychosocial theory of -this state that there are eight
development basic development stages that
an individual has to pass and
each of this has specific
psychosocial crisis that can
effect an individual’s
development
Jean Piaget The cognitive development -this state that there are four
theory (intellectual stages of the cognitive
development) development. These are
sensorimotor stage,pre-
operation stage,concrete
operational stage, and formal
operational stage.
Lawrence Kolhberg Theory of moral development -this theory states that a child
will develop morality and
proper reasoning
William James and Carl Rogers Concept of the self : the me self This theory states that
and theI-self according to William James the
self is divided by two categories
the “I-self and the Me-self. I-self
refers to the self that know who
he and she is, and the Me-self is
the empirical self.
Abraham Moslow -Hierarchy -it states here that we have five
categories of needs, and we
cannot proceed to the next
need if we did not satisfy the
basic needs.
“The story of my Life”
I can relate The story of my Life with the Psychological theory of development by Erik Erikson. Our life
really has many stages of development, as we grow up we encounter many crises of our life that can lead to
development.
Starting when I was young and until now life never stops in teaching me, I fail, I learn. Life is full of ups and
downs; I don’t know what comes next. I really came to the point that I’m questioning myself that why life is to
very painful? why life never stops on challenging me? These life crises slowly pushing me to give up, but God
never fails me giving hope in every storms of my life.
As I growing up I really now understand why elders think advance than us younger, it is because they already
done the stages that us young’s still stepping on. Life is like a book in titled how to be strong to learn, because
if I didn’t be still with God I will never be strong enough to stay and to learn despite of many crises in life,
these crises will help us to be strong and to learn. We all commit mistakes but we need to fight to develop
strength or else we could develop negative consequences. Yes, I am I will continue to fight to develop
strength this is me and this is the story of my life.

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A.

Philosopher Theory Philosophy Description of the self

1.Socrates Know thyself The unexamined life is “The only good is

1. Should Heinz have stolen the drugs? Explain.

- In Laws it must be arrested, because life is more valuable than profit.

Theorist Theory Short description/main idea of

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