KMA

MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1

Calculation assignments

Assignment 1

5 cylinder 2 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.9 m
Stroke/Bore ratio s/d = 3
Mean piston speed cp = 8 m/s
Mean indicated pressure pi = 2 MPa
Specific energy fuel oil Ho = 42 MJ/kg
Thermal efficiency ηth = 54 %
Mechanical efficiency ηmech = 92 %

Questions
a. Rotation frequency in Hz.
b. Indicated power in MW.
c. Total efficiency.
d. Fuel oil consumption in tons per 24 hrs.
e. S.F.O.C. in g/MJ

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 2

2 stroke diesel engine with uniflow scavenging

Rotation n = 2.3 Hz
Exhaust valve opens 78 deg before BDC
Exhaust valve closes 62 deg after BDC
Scavenging ports opens 44 deg before BDC

Questions
a. The available time for scavenging the cylinder in seconds
b. The available time between working and compression strokes in seconds

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 3

8 cylinders 4 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.40 m
Stroke s = 0.54 m
Rotation n = 7 Hz
Mean effective pressure pe = 1.74 MN/m2
Total efficiency ηtot = 41.5%
Effective compression ratio εeff = 11.6
The inlet valve closes 5% of the stroke after BDC
Specific energy fuel oil Ho = 40.2 MJ/kg

Questions
a. The effective power per cylinder and of the whole engine in MW
b. S.F.O.C be in g/MJ
c. Amount of fuel injected per process in g.
d. Compression area in % of the volume of the piston stroke

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 4

2 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.8 m
Stroke s = 1.85 m
Maximum compression pressure pc = 8000 kPa
The volume of the compression area is 8% of the piston stroke volume.
The compression starts when the piston has moved 14% upwards after BDC.

Questions

a. The volume of the compression area in m3.

b. Calculate the theoretical compression ratio.
c. Calculate the effective compression ratio.
d. The force on the cylinder head caused by the maximum compression pressure in kN.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 5

Indicating diagrams diesel engines

Questions
a. Indicate which diagram is from a 4-stroke engine and which one from a 2 stroke
engine. Support your answer with two arguments.
b. Explain what actions take place at the moments 1 to 6.
c. What is the most important reason to make an indicating diagram?
d. Are the engines in the diagrams working with or without turbo charger? Support your
answer.
e. What is mentioned with the spring constant or scale of the diagram?

Diagram A Diagram B

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 6

2 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.76 m
Stroke s = 1.55 m
Compression area Vc = 8 % of the piston stroke volume Vs
The compression starts when the piston has moved 15 % upwards from BDC.

Questions
a. Calculate the volume of the compression area Vc in m3.
b. Calculate the effective compression ratio εeff.
c. What is the influence on the maximum compression temperature and the efficiency
of the engine if the compression area would be larger?
d. Why is a minimum compression ratio required in diesel engines?

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 7

2 stroke diesel engine

Number of pistons z=9

Bore d = 0.90 m
Stroke s = 2.18 m
Rotation n = 1.62 Hz
Mean effective pressure pe = 15 bar
Specific Fuel Oil Consumption be = 52 gr/MJ
Mechanical efficiency ηmech = 91 %

Questions
a. Effective power in MW.
b. Mean indicated pressure in bar.
c. Mean piston speed in m/s.
d. Fuel consumption in kg/hr.
e. Fuel consumption in ton per 24 hr.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 8

The rotation frequency of a 4-stroke diesel engine driving a generator is 8 Hz.

When the engine is running full load the effective stroke of the fuel pumps starts at 25
degree before TDC of the corresponding crankpin.
Ignition will start at 5 degree before TDC, injection will end 5 degree after TDC.
Ignition delay is 0.005 seconds.

Questions
a. Calculate the ignition delay in degrees of the crank angle.
b. Calculate the injection delay in degrees of the crank angle and in seconds.
c. Calculate the period fuel is injected in crank angle degrees.
d. What type of fuel injection control is fitted on this engine? Support your answer.
e. If the loading of the engine would decrease what will be the consequences on:
 Injection delay
 Ignition delay
Explain your answers.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 9

4 stroke diesel engine

Number of pistons z=6

Mean indicating pressure pi = 2 MPa
Stroke s = 0.47 m
Bore d = 0.41 m
Rotation n = 10 Hz
Mechanical efficiency ηmech = 91 %
Effective compression ratio εeff = 12
Compression area Vc = 8.6 % of Vstroke
Air mass at start of compression ma = 0.1889 kg
Theoretical air/fuel ratio λth = 14.2 kg/kg
Air ratio λ=2

Questions
a. Mean piston speed in m/s.
b. Effective power in MW
c. Specific Fuel Oil Consumption be in kg/MJ
d. Percentage of stroke when effective compression starts after BDC.
e. Fuel consumption of the engine in Tons/24 hrs.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 10

2 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.80 m
Stroke s = 1.85 m
Maximum compression pressure pcomp = 8,000 kPa
Compression area Vc = 8 % of Vstroke
Effective compression starts when the piston has moved up 14 % of the stroke from BDC

Questions
a. Calculate the volume of the compression area in m3
b. Calculate the effective compression ratio εeff

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 11

6 cylinder 4 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 380 mm
Stroke s = 475 mm
Rotation n = 10 Hz
Mean indicating pressure pi = 26.9 bar
Specific Fuel Oil Consumption be = 50 gr/MJ
Mechanical efficiency ηmech = 91 %
Total efficiency ηtot = 48 %

Questions
a. Mean piston speed in m/s.
b. Indicated power in kW.
c. Effective power in kW.
d. Fuel oil consumption in kg/sec.
e. Specific energy of the fuel oil in kJ/kg.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 12

4 stroke diesel engine

Bore d = 0.58 m
Stroke s = 0.64 m
Crankpin/Connecting Rod ration r/l = 1/5
Mean piston speed cp = 9.1 m/s
Gas pressure at 30o after TDC pgas = 8 MPa
Engine is turning clockwise

Drawing scale 1:10

Forces scale 1 mm = 40 kN

Questions
a. Force on the piston in kN.
b. Make a scale drawing of the crankpin connecting rod system
c. Draw the forces working in the crankpin and the connecting rod
d. Torque produced by the unit on the crankpin in kNm.
e. Torque produced by the side force in kNm.
f. Power produced by the unit at this moment in kW.

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MARINE POWER PLANT DIESEL 1
Calculation assignments

Assignment 13

An engine indicator is used to find the mean indicated pressure, power and condition of a
cylinder.

Questions
a. State the definition of mean indicated pressure.
b. What represents the area enclosed by an indicating diagram?

With the use of a planimeter the area of a diagram is found to be 748.8 mm 2

The spring constant of the engine indicator used states 0.8 mm is equivalent to 1 bar
The length of the diagram is 78 mm

c. Calculate the mean indicated pressure in kPa?

Following data are from a cylinder of a 2-stroke diesel engine:

Charge air pressure pair = 3 bar

Maximum compression pressure pcomp = 90 bar
Maximum combustion pressure pcomb = 110 bar
Spring constant 0.6 mm = 1 bar
Length of diagram 100 mm

d. Draw the indicating diagram of this cylinder in given conditions

e. Draw the crank angle-pressure diagram of this cylinder. Indicate with a dotted line in
the diagram the development of the pressure if no fuel oil would be injected in the
cylinder.
f. Indicate in the crank-angle diagram the following periods:
 Ignition delay
 Uncontrolled combustion
 Partly controlled combustion
 After burning
g. Give a explanation of each of the above mentioned periods

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