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    VCR Engine

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    Ab
    The document describes a single cylinder, variable compression ratio petrol engine used to study engine performance. The engine is coupled to an eddy current dynamometer and equipped with sensors to measure speed, temperatures, fuel consumption. Experiments are conducted to obtain engine performance data across a range of loads and compression ratios. Performance metrics like brake power, fuel consumption, efficiencies and air-fuel ratio are calculated from the experimental data.

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    VCR Engine

    Uploaded by

    Ab
    70 views6 pages
    The document describes a single cylinder, variable compression ratio petrol engine used to study engine performance. The engine is coupled to an eddy current dynamometer and equipped with sensors to measure speed, temperatures, fuel consumption. Experiments are conducted to obtain engine performance data across a range of loads and compression ratios. Performance metrics like brake power, fuel consumption, efficiencies and air-fuel ratio are calculated from the experimental data.

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    VCR Engine (1)

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    The document describes a single cylinder, variable compression ratio petrol engine used to study engine performance. The engine is coupled to an eddy current dynamometer and equipped with sensors to measure speed, temperatures, fuel consumption. Experiments are conducted to obtain engine performance data across a range of loads and compression ratios. Performance metrics like brake power, fuel consumption, efficiencies and air-fuel ratio are calculated from the experimental data.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    70 views6 pages

    VCR Engine

    Uploaded by

    Ab
    The document describes a single cylinder, variable compression ratio petrol engine used to study engine performance. The engine is coupled to an eddy current dynamometer and equipped with sensors to measure speed, temperatures, fuel consumption. Experiments are conducted to obtain engine performance data across a range of loads and compression ratios. Performance metrics like brake power, fuel consumption, efficiencies and air-fuel ratio are calculated from the experimental data.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    VARIABLE COMPRESSION RATIO ENGINE

    AIM: To study the performance of the given single cylinder 2-stroke Petrol Engine.

    Theory:
    The Prime movers using petroleum products as the source of energy are being
    increasingly important in the modern world. It is needless to say that the countless number of
    examples of these Prime movers is being used right from household captive power to hauling
    of aircrafts. The Prime movers using petroleum products fall into two catogeries, viz.,
    Reciprocating & Rotary (Turbine) Engines.

    The Reciprocating engines are commonly used ones, further divided into Diesel,
    Petrol, Paraffin, Kerosene, gas driven ones. While the rest are discussed elsewhere in
    standard text books, the Petrol engine which is of our present concern fall into the category of
    compression ignition prime mover over which produces maximum power for minimum range
    as compared to any other reciprocating Prime movers.

    The understanding of speed Vs load, Petrol Consumption Vs Load per unit time
    (Specific Fuel Consumption = SFC) and Efficiency is important from application point of
    view to get the maximum benefit at minimum cost. The following paragraphs deal with the
    engine and the test.

    DESCRIPTION OF THE APPARATUS:

    The test rig consists of Petrol Engine greaves make of 2.2 kW / 3.0 HP, 3000
    rpm with variable compression ratio provision compression ratio can be changed from
    2.5 to 8:1 by rotating the wheel which is assembly on the head (top) of the engine.
    VCR head made of cast iron with water circulation for cooling purpose.

    Engine is coupled with Eddy current Dynamometer for loading purpose


    through belt & pulley transmission system. For measurement of torque spring balance
    assembly is provided on the back side of the dynamometer. Electronic Controller is
    provided for loading.
    Engine & Dynamometer is mounted on an aesthetically designed self – sustained MS
    frame with anti-vibration pads.

    For Fuel Measurement the fuel is supplied to the engine from the main fuel tank
    through a graduated measuring fuel gauge (Burette) with 2-way cock. To measure the fuel
    consumption of the engine, fill the burette by opening the cock. By starting a stop clock,
    measure the time taken to consume X cc of fuel by the engine.

    Thermocouple are provided to measure temperature of air inlet & Exhaust Gas
    Outlet & Proximity Sensor for measurement of Engine speed in rpm.

    Panel board is provided made of Novapon, MS Sheet & Square tube consists of
    Digital Temperature Indicator, Channel Selector, Digital Speed Indicator, Manometer,
    Fuel measuring burette, Fuel Distributor & Petrol Tank.

    With this the whole arrangement is mounted on an aesthetically designed self –


    sustained MS frame with separate control panel.
    EXPERIMENTATION

    OBJECTIVE:
    To study and understand the performance characteristics.

    To draw Performance curves and compare.

    OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS & EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

    1. Ensure proper electrical connection for phase and neutral (230V, with Earthing).
    2. Check the Petrol in the tank.
    3. Switch ON Mains and the console.
    4. Ensure all indicators are ON and glowing.
    5. Keep the Loading Switches in OFF position, initially.
    6. Allow Petrol, start the engine by using Rope.
    7. Apply load to the Eddy Current Dynamometer by switching ON the Loading switch
    & to increase the load rotate the knob to clockwise direction.
    8. Allow some time so that the speed stabilizes.
    9. Now note down the Spring balance reading, Engine Speed & Temperature.
    10. Put tank valve into burette position and note down the time taken for particular
    quantity of fuel consumed by the engine.
    11. Repeat the procedure (7) to (11) for different loads.
    12. Tabulate the readings as shown in the enclosed sheet.
    13. After the experiment is over, keep the Petrol control valve at mains position & release
    the load of dynamometer.
    14. Switch OFF the Engine & Mains.
    SPECIFICATION:

     ENGINE TYPE : 4-stroke Single Cylinder Petrol Engine


    (Water Cooled) Spark ignition.

     MAKE : Crompton Greaves.

     RATED POWER OUTPUT : 3 HP, 3000 RPM.

     BORE & STROKE : 70 mm X 66.7 mm.

     SWEPT VOLUME : 256 cm3

     COMPRESSION RATIO : 2.5 - 8 : 1

     STARTING : By Rope.

     DIAMETER OF ORIFICE : 16 mm.

     LOADING : EDDY CURRENT DYNAMOMETER

     Radius of the Arm : 150 mm

    TEMPERATURE POINTS

    T1 = Air Box
    T2 = Engine Exhaust Gas Outlet

    TABULAR COLUMN:

    Compression Ratio: _____________

    SPEED LOAD MANOMETER FUEL FLOW


    (RPM) F in kg READING ml Time (t)
    (hw) in mm in secs
    FORMULAE AND CALCULATIONS:
    1] BRAKE POWER:
    2 πN (F∗9.81∗r )
    BP =
    60∗1000
    Where Rated speed = N = 1150 rpm
    Rated power = 7.8 kW
    Arm length = r = 0.15 m
    Maximum Load F = kg

    2] Fuel consumption:
    10 mL∗ρ
    mf = = kg/ s
    t∗1000∗1000 ¿

    where ρ-density of fuel=800kg/m3

    3]Mass of air
    π*
    ma=ρa* Cd * d2 (2gha)1/2 = ___ kg
    4

    Cd=0.65 d-orifice diameter=0.012m

    ha=(ρw/ρa) * (hw/1000) =_______ m

    ρw=1000kg/m3

    ρa=1.1 kg/m3

    g=9.81m/s2

    4] Air fuel ratio:


    A
    = ma/mf = _____
    F

    5]Brake thermal efficiency:


    B. P
    ȠB Thermal = ∗100=______%
    Q
    Q = mf * CV

    6] Brake Specific fuel consumption:


    mf
    BSFC = ∗3600=¿______kg/kW hr
    B. P

    7] Indicated Power:
    IP = FP + BP in KW

    Friction Power – Draw the Willan’s lines between BP Vs Fuel Consumption.

    8] Indicated Thermal Efficiency:


    IP
    ȠB Thermal = ∗100=______%
    Q

    Q = mf * CV

    FINAL TABLE OF CALCULATIONS:


    BP(kW) ȠB Thermal IP(kW) ȠI Thermal Air fuel ratio

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