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    gr7 Bio Notes (Dec2021)

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    Sahithi P
    The document discusses nutrients and a balanced diet. It describes essential nutrients as those that must be obtained through diet, including macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fat which provide energy, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts. It provides details on the roles and sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water. The document stresses that a balanced diet contains varying foods in proportions to meet all nutritional needs.

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    gr7 Bio Notes (Dec2021)

    Uploaded by

    Sahithi P
    23 views5 pages
    The document discusses nutrients and a balanced diet. It describes essential nutrients as those that must be obtained through diet, including macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fat which provide energy, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts. It provides details on the roles and sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water. The document stresses that a balanced diet contains varying foods in proportions to meet all nutritional needs.

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    The document discusses nutrients and a balanced diet. It describes essential nutrients as those that must be obtained through diet, including macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fat which provide energy, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts. It provides details on the roles and sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water. The document stresses that a balanced diet contains varying foods in proportions to meet all nutritional needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views5 pages

    gr7 Bio Notes (Dec2021)

    Uploaded by

    Sahithi P
    The document discusses nutrients and a balanced diet. It describes essential nutrients as those that must be obtained through diet, including macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fat which provide energy, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts. It provides details on the roles and sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and water. The document stresses that a balanced diet contains varying foods in proportions to meet all nutritional needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

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    NOTES
    DECEMBER 2021
    Chapter- 7.1- Nutrients
    7.2- A Balanced Diet

    GRADE: 7 SUB: BIOLOGY

     Nutrients in our diet


     Essential nutrients are nutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the
    body.
     These cannot be made by the body at all or cannot be made in sufficient amounts
    for good health. Therefore, essential nutrients must be obtained from a dietary
    source.
     While there are many essential nutrients, they can be broken into two categories:
    macronutrients and micronutrients.
     Macronutrients are eaten in large amounts and include the primary building blocks
    of our diet — protein, carbohydrates, and fat — which provide our body with
    energy.
     Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients, and are needed only in small quantities.
    There are six main groups of essential micronutrients and macronutrients. New
     Protein

     Protein is essential for good health.


     Protein provides the building blocks of the body, and not just for muscle. Every cell,
    from bone to skin to hair, contains protein.
     Protein is used primarily for growth, health, and body maintenance.
     All our hormones, antibodies, and other important substances are composed of
    protein.
     While meat, fish, and eggs are good sources of essential amino acids, we
    can also get protein from plant sources like beans, soy, nuts, and some
    grains.
     Exactly how much protein do we need daily depends on a variety of
    factors including how active you are, and your age.
    BIOLOGY /WS /DECEMBER 2021 1
    .

     Carbohydrates
     Carbohydrates are necessary for a healthy body.
     Carbohydrates fuel our body, especially the central nervous system and
    the brain, and protect us against diseases.
     Some carbohydrates are healthier than others. Whole grains, beans, and
    fibre-rich vegetables and fruits should be opted instead of refined grains
    and products with added sugar.
     Fats

     Healthy fats are an important part of a healthy diet.

     Fat supports many of our body’s functions such as vitamin and mineral
    absorption, blood clotting, building cells, and muscle movement.

     Including healthy fats in our diet can help balance our blood sugar,
    decrease the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and improve the
    brain function. They’re also powerful anti-inflammatories, and they may
    lower the risk of arthritis, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease.

     Unsaturated fats are important for our body as they provide essential fatty
    acids that our body can’t make.

     They are found in nuts, seeds, fish, and vegetable oils (like olive,
    avocado, and flaxseed).

     Avoid trans fats and limit the intake of saturated animal-based fats like
    butter, cheese, red meat, and ice cream.

     Vitamins

     There are many kinds of vitamins from various food groups.

     They participate in different metabolic functions such as maintaining healthy skin


    and hair, building bones and releasing and utilizing energy from foods.

     Vitamins can be classified into water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins.

    BIOLOGY /WS /DECEMBER 2021 2


    .

     Minerals

     Minerals are a group of essential nutrients.

     They regulate many body functions such as fluid balance, muscle contraction and
    transmission of nerve impulses.

     Some minerals also contribute to body structure and build strong and healthy
    bones, such as calcium

    BIOLOGY /WS /DECEMBER 2021 3


    .

     Dietary fibre

     Dietary fibre is the indigestible part found in plants.

     It helps stablise blood sugar, promote gastrointestinal health and prevent


    constipation.

     Dietary fibre can be classified into soluble and insoluble fibre.

     Water

     Water is the most abundant substance in human body.

     It is also an essential nutrient to maintain our health.

     The major functions of water include regulation of body temperature, production of


    body fluids, transportation of nutrients and removal of waste products.

     Balanced diet

     A balanced diet is a diet that contains differing kinds of foods in certain quantities and
    proportions so that the requirement for calories, proteins, minerals, vitamins and alternative
    nutrients is adequate.

    BIOLOGY /WS /DECEMBER 2021 4


    .

     Common deficiency diseases

    BIOLOGY /WS /DECEMBER 2021 5

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