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    Construction and Design of Multistorey Building

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    Raj Mohammad
    This document discusses the construction and design of multi-storey buildings. It describes projects involving the excavation, layout and foundation of a residential building. It also discusses post-tensioning techniques used for bonded slabs, including the benefits of post-tensioning and the use of tendons and stressing. Finally, it outlines some key building components like formwork design, staircases, deep beams and slabs.

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    Construction and Design of Multistorey Building

    Uploaded by

    Raj Mohammad
    45 views38 pages
    This document discusses the construction and design of multi-storey buildings. It describes projects involving the excavation, layout and foundation of a residential building. It also discusses post-tensioning techniques used for bonded slabs, including the benefits of post-tensioning and the use of tendons and stressing. Finally, it outlines some key building components like formwork design, staircases, deep beams and slabs.

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    This document discusses the construction and design of multi-storey buildings. It describes projects involving the excavation, layout and foundation of a residential building. It also discusses post-tensioning techniques used for bonded slabs, including the benefits of post-tensioning and the use of tendons and stressing. Finally, it outlines some key building components like formwork design, staircases, deep beams and slabs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views38 pages

    Construction and Design of Multistorey Building

    Uploaded by

    Raj Mohammad
    This document discusses the construction and design of multi-storey buildings. It describes projects involving the excavation, layout and foundation of a residential building. It also discusses post-tensioning techniques used for bonded slabs, including the benefits of post-tensioning and the use of tendons and stressing. Finally, it outlines some key building components like formwork design, staircases, deep beams and slabs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 38

    CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF

    MULTISTOREY BUILDING
    PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN

    1. Construction of residential building (escape)


    1.1 Excavation, Layout and Foundation
    1.2 Column layout, shuttering and casting
    1.3 Slab, Beam shuttering and casting
    1.4 Important Components

    2. Introduction to bonded slab post tensioning


    2.1 Post tensioning
    2.2 benefits
    2.3 Tendons and stressing
    PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN

    3. Design of building component

    3.1 Formwork design


    3.2 Staircase design
    3.3 Deep Beams
    3.4 Slabs
    EXCAVATION, LAYOUT AND
    FOUNDATION
    • Excavation is a process of making trenches by digging
    up of earth for the construction of foundations and
    basements.
    • Excavation level at escape site is 219.825 mm
    • Excavation is done by the JCB on the hourly basis
    • After the excavation the surface is leveled called
    surface dressing
    • Layout is done on the PCC poured over leveled surface.
    • Column and foundation (raft ) steel is then laid as per
    drawings.
    POINTS TO TAKE CARE:-

    • layout should be checked properly.


    • Check any difference between architectural and structural
    drawings regarding location of column.
    • After excavation check the stability of temporary structures
    built near the excavated ground.
    • Before laying raft reinforcement, shuttering wall which is
    mainly brick wall should be built and should be filled with soil
    on other side.
    • Check the direction of chair bars in the raft
    EXCAVATION
    LAYOUT
    RAFT FOUNDATION
    COULMN CASTING

    • On the raft the column layout is done.


    • Layout for starter.
    • The column ties and link bars are provided as per column
    reinforcement drawings and general specifications.
    • Displacement of main bars should be provided with L bar
    • The plumb of formwork should be checked.
    • Height of cast should be calculated accurately.
    • Avoid caps as far as possible.
    LAYOUT , PEDESTAL & STARTER
    LINKS & TIES
    PLUMB & FORMWORK, CASTING,CURING
    SLAB, BEAM SHUTTERING & CASTING

    • beam bottom is first laid on the column and then slab


    formwork is laid

    • After the reinforcement, the slab is checked for steel as per


    drawings and level required.

    • A camber of 5 mm in provided in the center of slab.

    • Casting of slab should be discontinue at l/3 from the support.


    SLAB STAGES
    IMPORTANT COMPONENTS

    • Key in column

    • Water bar

    • Binding materials

    • Expansion joint
    KEY IN COLUMN

    • since the height of column is very large, hence it is


    not possible to cast the column at one time, to cast
    the column later the key is made at the junction so
    that the proper bond between the old concrete
    and new concrete is formed.
    KEY IN COLUMN
    EXPANSION JOINT

    • Since concrete is subjected to volume change. Provision must


    be made to cater for the volume change by way of joint to
    relieve the stresses produced.
    • Expansion joint is function of length
    • Buildings longer than 45 m are generally provided with one or
    more expansion joints.
    • Material used as expansion joint material is armour board
    whose thickness is 25 mm.
    EXPANSION JOINT

    • Expansion joint
    material, size is 25 mm

    • Expansion joint in
    building
    WATER BAR

    • Water bar is provided in the retaining wall o that the


    moisture can’t move from the soil to the joint. Water
    bar is basically provided at the constructions joints
    of retaining wall of two different towers
    WATER BAR
    BINDING MATERIALS
    • Since the thermal expansion of concrete is different from that of
    masonry. The interface between the concrete and the masonry is
    liable to crack. To avoid this crack the chicken wire mesh is used
    to avoid the crack and also provides the better grip for Masonry
    with concrete.

    • Similarly when the drainage pipes are laid along with the outer
    wall then again the connection between the pipe and the wall
    has different coefficient of temperature change hence they are
    joint to the concrete by lead keys.

    • In the toilets and kitchen sunken portion the joints in any case are
    packed by water proof and non shrinkable material.
    BINDING MATERIALS

    • Chicken wire mesh


    between brick masonry
    and concrete
    • Connection of pipes with
    concrete
    • Chicken wire mesh in
    conduits through concrete
    WATER PROOFING

    • Water proofing has remained as an unsolved complex


    problem

    • Use of plasticizers, super plasticizers, air-entraining agents helps


    in reducing the permeability of concrete by reducing the
    requirement of mixing water, hence can be also be regarded
    as waterproof material.

    • Some of approved water-proofing compound by the


    company
    are:- pidilite, cico, fosroe, baushimine, unitile.

    • Water-proofing cement paint:- super snoweem


    WATER PROOFING

    • Water proofing in sunken


    portion of kitchen and
    bathroom
    • WP in sunken portion at
    ground level
    • WP in retaining wall
    WATER PROOFING IN GARDEN AREA

    • For water proofing in garden area the soil is first leveled and then
    rammed to achieve the maximum density
    • The PCC is then laid down mixed with tape Crete (a water
    proofing compound)
    • After PCC the plaster of fibrous material is done.
    • the bituminous sheets are laid by heating it with the welder. On
    those sheets the drainage pipes are laid down with suitable slope
    and these pipes are covered with geo-fabric sheets.
    • Again the plaster is done. On the plaster the 40 mm aggregates
    are laid.
    • On the aggregate the geo-fabric sheets are laid down on which
    the sand is placed & on the sand the soil ,along with fertilizers, is
    placed on which the gardening is done for the non tower area.
    WATER PROOFING IN GARDEN AREA

    • Sandy soil
    • PCC mixed with tape
    Crete (water proof
    compound)
    • Texas (bitumen) sheet
    • Drainage pipe
    • 40 mm aggregate
    • Geo-fabric sheet
    • Sand
    INTRODUCTION/BENEFITS

    • Post-tensioning is a method of reinforcing (strengthening)


    concrete or other materials with high-strength steel strands or
    bars, typically referred to as tendons

    • allows longer clear spans, thinner slabs

    • lower overall building height for the same floor-to-floor height.

    • allows a high degree of flexibility in the column layout, span


    lengths and ramp configurations
    POST TENSIONING
    PLACEMENT OF TENDONS

    • Positioning and fixing of casting and block-outs to the edge


    formwork or construction joint formwork
    • The support bars shall be prepared in advance.
    • Lay tendons according to tendon layout in accordance with the
    drawings.
    • Fix tendons to correct profiles with support bars and chairs and the
    tendons are made with provisions for grouting using grout using
    grout vents and grout hoses
    • Prepare installation report for every installation as per the enclosed
    format.

    • tolerance of tendon profiles is recommended as follows:


    • **vertical: + 5 mm (at lowest and highest points)
    • Horizontal: + 100 mm
    LOADS ON FALSEWORK

    Loads on Falsework are any combinations of the


    following:
    • Dead loads,
    • Imposed loads,
    • Environmental loads,
    • Incidental loads during erection and operation,
    and
    • Lateral pressure.
    DIFFERENT LOAD DATA

    • Self load shall be determined by either actual measurement or


    in accordance with IS 875 (Part I) the unit weight of wet concrete
    including reinforcement shall be taken as 26 kN/m². However, in
    absence of the data, load may be assumed as 500 N/M2 for the
    purpose of initial calculations .
    • Loads during constructional operation shall constitute the
    imposed loads [see IS 875 (Part 2 ) Where allowance has only to
    be made for access and inspection purposes, a loading of 750
    N/m² should be adequate
    • The lateral pressure due to fresh concrete depends on the
    temperature of concrete as placed, the rate of placing of
    concrete and the concrete mix proportion
    • Wind loads should be taken for design in accordance with IS 875
    (Part 3 ) subject to a minimum horizontal load equal to 3 percent
    of the vertical loads at critical level.
    • Snow loads should be assumed in accordance with IS 875(4) .
    The maximum density of ice may be assumed to be 900 kg/m³.
    OUTPUT OF EXCEL SHEET
    (DOFW)
    • THANK U

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