Vedic Age
Vedic Age
Vedic Age
Historically, after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization, which occurred around 1900
BCE,groups of Indo-Aryan peoples migrated into north-western India and started to inhabit
the northern Indus Valley. The Indo-Aryans represented a sub-group that diverged from
other Indo-Iranian tribes at the Andronovo horizon before the middle of the 2nd millennium
BCE.The Indo-Iranians originated in the Sintashta culture, from which arose the subsequent
Andronovo horizon. The Indo-Aryans migrated through the adjacent Bactria–Margiana area
(present-day northern Afghanistan) to northwest India, followed by the rise of the Iranian Yaz
culture at c. 1500 BCE, and the Iranian migrations into Iran at c. 800 BCE. Archaeological
cultures associated with Indo-Iranian migrations ). The Andronovo, BMAC and Yaz cultures
have often been associated with Indo-Iranian migrations. The GGC, Cemetery H, Copper
Hoard and PGW cultures are candidates for cultures associated with Indo-Aryan
movements.Some Indian writers and archaeologists have opposed the notion of a migration
of Indo-Aryans into India, and argued for an indigenous origin of the Indo-Aryans. In this
view, "the Indian civilization must be viewed as an unbroken tradition that goes back to the
earliest period of the Sindhu-Sarasvati (or Indus) tradition (7000 or 8000 BCE)." Though
popular in India, and reflecting Indian views on Indian history and religion,[19] the idea of a
purely indigenous origin of the Indo-Aryans is outside the academic mainstream.The
knowledge about the Aryans comes mostly from the Rigveda-samhita,the oldest layer of the
Vedas, which was composed c. 1200–1000 BCE. They brought with them their distinctive
religious traditions and practices.The Vedic beliefs and practices of the pre-classical era
were closely related to the hypothesised Proto-Indo-European religion,and the Indo-Iranian
religion.] Funeral sacrifices from the Sintashta-culture show close parallels to the sacrificial
funeral rites of the Rigveda, while, according to Anthony, the Old Indic religion probably
emerged among Indo-European immigrants in the contact zone between the Zeravshan
River (present-day Uzbekistan) and (present-day) Tajikistan. It was "a syncretic mixture of
old Central Asian and new Indo-European elements",which borrowed "distinctive religious
beliefs and practices" from the Bactria–Margiana culture,] including the god Indra and the
ritual drink Soma.