Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof

GCSE Mathematics (1MA1) – Higher Tier

Themed papers – Algebraic proof

Please note that this mark scheme is not the one used by
examiners for making scripts. It is intended more as a guide to
good practice, indicating where marks are given for correct
answers. As such, it doesn’t show follow-through marks (marks
that are awarded despite errors being made) or special cases.

It should also be noted that for many questions, there may be

alternative methods of finding correct solutions that are not
shown here – they will be covered in the formal mark scheme.

NOTES ON MARKING PRINCIPLES

Guidance on the use of codes within this mark scheme

M1 – method mark. This mark is generally given for an appropriate method in

the context of the question. This mark is given for showing your working and
may be awarded even if working is incorrect.

P1 – process mark. This mark is generally given for setting up an appropriate

process to find a solution in the context of the question.

A1 – accuracy mark. This mark is generally given for a correct answer

following correct working.

B1 – working mark. This mark is usually given when working and the answer
cannot easily be separated.

C1 – communication mark. This mark is given for explaining your answer or

giving a conclusion in context supported by your working.

Some questions require all working to be shown; in such questions, no marks

will be given for an answer with no working (even if it is a correct answer).

This publication may only be reproduced in accordance with Pearson Education Limited copyright policy.
©2020 Pearson Education Limited.
Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof
Question 1 (Total 3 marks)
Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
(x + 3) × (x + 3) M1 This mark is given for writing the area
using algebraic terms

x2 + 3x + 3x + 9 = 10 M1 This mark is given for expanding

(x + 3)(x + 3)

x2 + 6x = 1 A1 This mark is given for rearranging to

give the given expression

Question 2 (Total 4 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
Let an odd number be 2n + 1 B1 This mark is given for finding an
algebraic representation of an odd
number

(2n + 1)2 M1 This mark is given for an expression for

the square of an odd number

4n2 + 4n + 1 A1 This mark is given for expanding

brackets

Thus 4(n2 + n) + 1 is 1 greater than a C1 This mark is given for concluding

multiple of 4 statement

Question 3 (Total 4 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner Mark Notes
might expect to see
(n – 2)2 = n2 – 4n + 4 C1 This mark is given for a correct
expansion of (n – 2)2

n2 – 2 − n2 + 4n − 4 C1 This mark is given for a correct

expansion of n – 2 – (n – 2)2

2(2n − 3) C1 This mark is given for reducing the

expression to (2n − 3)

2(2n−3) always even since it has a factor C1 This mark is given for a correct
of 2 for all values of n conclusion supported by working
shown

2020 GCSE Mathematics 1MA1 – Themed papers. Higher Tier. 2

Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof
Question 4 (Total 2 marks)
Part Working an or answer examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
For even numbers 2n: C2 This mark is given for a fully correct
proof
(2n)2 – 2n = 4n2 – 2n = 2(2n2 – n) so even
(C1 is given for a partial explanation)
For odd numbers 2n + 1:
(2n + 1)2 – 2n + 1 = 4n2 + 4n + 1 – (2n +
1)
= 4n2 + 2n
= 2(n2 – n) so even
Thus for all integer value of n, n2 – n is
never an odd number

Question 5 (Total 3 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
Let two consecutive even numbers be 2n P1 This mark is given for a method to
and 2n + 2 algebraically represent two consecutive
even numbers

(2n)2 + (2n + 2)2 P1 This mark is given for a process of

= 4n2 + 4n2 + 8n + 4 expanding both expressions with at least
one expansion fully correct eg 4n2 and
4n2 + 4n + 4n +4

= 4(2n2 + n + 1) A1 This mark is given for a complete and

correct proof
which is a multiple of 4 for any n

Question 6 (Total 3 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
2n – 1, 2n + 1 C1 This mark is given for a correct
representation of two consecutive odd
numbers

(2n + 1)2 – (2n – 1)2 C1 This mark is given for multiplying out
brackets and collecting terms
= (4n + 4n + 1) – (4n – 4n + 1)
2 2

= 4n2 + 4n + 1 – 4n2 + 4n – 1

= 8n C1 This mark is given for stating a correct

conclusion
Always a multiple of 8

2020 GCSE Mathematics 1MA1 – Themed papers. Higher Tier. 3

Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof
Question 7 (Total 2 marks)
Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
1 1 This mark is given for expanding the
2 brackets
(n2 + n + n2 + n + 2n + 2)

1 1 This mark is given for a complete proof

2 with reference to (n + 1)2 being square
= (2n2 + 4n + 2) = n2 + 2n + 1 for all integers n
= (n + 1)2
which is square for all integer values of n

Question 8 (Total 5 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
x = 10 + 2y 1 This mark is given for a method to start
the process by finding a value for x in
(10 + 2y) + y = 20
2 2
terms of y and substituting

(100 + 20y + 20y + 4y2) + y2 = 20 1 This mark is given for expanding

brackets on the expression obtained
4y2 + 20y + 20y = 100

5y2 + 40y + 80 = 0 1 This mark is given for forming a

quadratic equation to be solved

(5y + 20) (y + 4) = 0 1 This mark is given for solving the

quadratic equation for y and so find the
y = –4, x = 2
value of x

The line intersects the circle at only one 1 This mark is given for a fully correct
point (2, –4), so must be a tangent statement to conclude the proof

Question 9 (Total 3 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
(y + x) = k(y − x) 1 This mark is given for setting up an
equations from the information given

ky – y = x + kx 1 This mark is given for isolating x and y

on opposite sides

k ( x+1 ) 1 This mark is given for using correct

k −1 algebra to reach a conclusion
y(k – 1) = k(x + 1) so y =

2020 GCSE Mathematics 1MA1 – Themed papers. Higher Tier. 4

Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof

Question 10 (Total 4 marks)

Part Working or answer an examiner might Mark Notes
expect to see
(a) N = 100a + 10b + c M1 This mark is given for forming algebraic
K = 100c + 10b + a expressions for N and K

N – K = 99a – 99c M1 This mark is given for finding the

difference for their expressions

= 99(a – c), so a multiple of 99 C1 This mark is given for a concluding

statement using the term 99(a – c)

(b) Yes, it has no effect since the b terms C1 This mark is given for a correct
cancel statement

2020 GCSE Mathematics 1MA1 – Themed papers. Higher Tier. 5

 Mark scheme for 1MA1 Higher Tier themed papers: Algebraic proof

Performance data:
Total % Edexcel mean averages
Taken from A
Q Marks TOPIC Spec Ref Mean Marks of candidates who achieved grade:
O
Q Series Paper available marks ALL 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 U
1 4 June 2017 1H 3 Algebra A4, G16 2 66 1.97 2.97 2.92 2.73 2.26 1.48 0.62 0.1 - - 0.08
8
2 12 June 2018 1H 4 36 1.43 3.82 3.28 2.33 1.20 0.41 0.13 0.0 - - 0.01
Algebra N6, A4, A6 2 4
3 16 June 2017 1H 4 Algebra A1, A4, A6 2 27 1.06 3.08 2.25 1.56 0.89 0.37 0.13 0.0 - - 0.02
5
4 13 June 2019 1H 2 Algebra A6 2 17 0.34 1.29 0.72 0.41 0.23 0.10 0.03 0.0 - - 0.02
1
5 15 Nov 2019 3H 3 Algebra A6 2 12 0.35 2.89 2.35 1.61 0.71 0.33 0.05 0.0 - - 0.01
0
6 15 Nov 2018 3H 3 Number N10 1 11 0.34 2.90 2.47 1.45 0.93 0.37 0.07 0.0 - - 0.01
2
7 17 Nov 2017 1H 2 Algebra A4, A6 2 6 0.12 1.75 1.35 0.71 0.36 0.21 0.07 0.0 0.01
3
8 19 Nov 2017 3H 5 Algebra A19, A16 1 2 0.12 4.62 1.88 1.08 0.34 0.19 0.03 0.0 0.00
1
9 14 Nov 2017 1H 3 Ratio R4, R8, A5 2 2 0.06 2.25 1.59 0.51 0.22 0.05 0.02 0.0 0.00
1
10a 17a Mock Set 2 3H 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
10b 17b Mock Set 2 3H 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
0.3
33 5.79 25.57 18.81 12.39 7.14 3.51 1.15 5 33

This publication may only be reproduced in accordance with Pearson Education Limited copyright policy.
©2020 Pearson Education Limited.