Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Disseminated Intravascular
Coagulation
EDEN Q. PANITERCE
INSTRUCTOR
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation – also
known as consumptive coagulopathy is a life-
threatening defect in coagulation that may occur
with several complications of pregnancy like;
• Placental abruption
Plasma Factors
• Platelets
• Fibrinogen
• Prothrombin
• Factor V
• Factor VIII
Diseases that causes DIC fall into three grps
• 1. Infusion of thromboplastin into the circulation, which consumes or uses

up other clotting factor such as fibrinogen and platelets.
Placental abruption and prolonged retention of the dead fetus can cause this
because the placenta is a rich source of thromboplastin.
2. Endothelial damage – Severe preeclampsia and HELLP( hemolysis, elevated
levels of liver enzymes and low platelet levels) syndrome are characterized by
endothelial damage.
• 3. Non specific effects of some diseases. Diseases such as maternal sepsis or
amniotic fluid embolism are in this category.
• DIC allows excess bleeding to occur from the vulnerable area such as IV
sits, incisions, gums, or the nose and from expected sites such as Placental
attachment during the postpartum period.
Treatment
• To correct the cause
• If missed abortion – delivery of the placenta and fetus to ends production
of thromboplastin which is fueling the process
• Blood replacement products such as whole blood, packed blood cells (RBC)
• Cryoprecipitate – administered as needed to maintain the circulating volume
and to transport oxygen to body cells.
Nursing Considerations
• 1. Observe the bleeding from unexpected sites like IV insertion and
venipuncture for laboratory works.
• Nosebleeds and spontaneous bruising maybe early indicators of DIC and
shld be reported.
• Additonal IV line to prepare for additional crystalloids, colloids or blood
products.
• Administer Oxygen at 10 litters P/M be facemask due to blood loss
• Monitor VS
• Monitor IO
• Weigh all blood soak materials to obtain accurate output.
• 1grm = 1 ml
• Pain, redness, warmth, and swelling in the lower leg if blood clots form in the
deep veins of your leg. Headaches, speech changes, paralysis (an inability to
move), dizziness, and trouble speaking and understanding if blood clots form in
the blood vessels in your brain.
• With acute DIC, blood clotting in the blood vessels usually occurs first,
followed by bleeding. However, bleeding may be the first obvious sign.
Serious bleeding can occur very quickly after developing acute DIC. Thus,
emergency treatment in a hospital is needed.
• Blood clotting also occurs with chronic DIC, but it usually doesn't lead to
bleeding. Sometimes chronic DIC has no signs or symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms of Excessive Blood
Clotting
• In DIC, blood clots form throughout the body's small blood vessels. These blood clots can
reduce or block blood flow through the blood vessels. This can cause the following signs and
symptoms:
• Chest pain and shortness of breath if blood clots form in the blood vessels in your lungs and
heart.
• Pain, redness, warmth, and swelling in the lower leg if blood clots form in the deep veins of
your leg.
• Headaches, speech changes, paralysis (an inability to move), dizziness, and trouble speaking
and understanding if blood clots form in the blood vessels in your brain. These signs and
symptoms may indicate a stroke.
• Heart attack and lung and kidney problems if blood clots lodge in your heart, lungs, or kidneys.
These organs may even begin to fail.
Internal Bleeding
• Internal bleeding can occur in your body's organs, such as the kidneys,
intestines, and brain. This bleeding can be life threatening. Signs and
symptoms of internal bleeding include:
• Blood in your urine from bleeding in your kidneys or bladder.
• Blood in your stools from bleeding in your intestines or stomach. Blood in
your stools can appear red or as a dark, tarry color. (Taking iron
supplements also can cause dark, tarry stools.)
• Headaches, double vision, seizures, and other symptoms from bleeding
in your brain.
External Bleeding
• External bleeding can occur underneath or from the skin, such as

at the site of cuts or an intravenous (IV) needle. External bleeding
also can occur from the mucosa. (The mucosa is the tissue that
lines some organs and body cavities, such as your nose and
mouth.)
• External bleeding may cause purpura or petechiae Purpura are
purple, brown, and red bruises. This bruising may happen easily
and often. Petechiae are small red or purple dots on your skin.
• THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Disseminated Intravascular

• 1. Infusion of thromboplastin into the circulation, which consumes or uses

• External bleeding can occur underneath or from the skin, such as

You might also like