Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 12 views

    Constructors in Java: Rules For Creating Java Constructor

    Uploaded by

    rinkal
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It defines constructors as special methods used to initialize objects. There are two main types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors which initialize objects without parameters, and parameterized constructors which initialize objects with specific parameter values. Constructors can be overloaded like methods to perform different initialization tasks. They are called automatically whenever a new object is created and are used to set initial field values of the object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Constructors in Java: Rules For Creating Java Constructor

    Uploaded by

    rinkal
    12 views8 pages
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It defines constructors as special methods used to initialize objects. There are two main types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors which initialize objects without parameters, and parameterized constructors which initialize objects with specific parameter values. Constructors can be overloaded like methods to perform different initialization tasks. They are called automatically whenever a new object is created and are used to set initial field values of the object.

    Original Title

    Untitled

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses constructors in Java. It defines constructors as special methods used to initialize objects. There are two main types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors which initialize objects without parameters, and parameterized constructors which initialize objects with specific parameter values. Constructors can be overloaded like methods to perform different initialization tasks. They are called automatically whenever a new object is created and are used to set initial field values of the object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    12 views8 pages

    Constructors in Java: Rules For Creating Java Constructor

    Uploaded by

    rinkal
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It defines constructors as special methods used to initialize objects. There are two main types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors which initialize objects without parameters, and parameterized constructors which initialize objects with specific parameter values. Constructors can be overloaded like methods to perform different initialization tasks. They are called automatically whenever a new object is created and are used to set initial field values of the object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Constructors in Java

    1. Types of constructors

    1. Default Constructor

    2. Parameterized Constructor

    2. Constructor Overloading

    3. Does constructor return any value?

    4. Copying the values of one object into another

    5. Does constructor perform other tasks instead of the initialization

    In Java, a constructor is a block of codes similar to the method. It is called when an


    instance of the class is created. At the time of calling constructor, memory for the object
    is allocated in the memory.

    It is a special type of method which is used to initialize the object.

    Every time an object is created using the new() keyword, at least one constructor is
    called.

    It calls a default constructor if there is no constructor available in the class. In such


    case, Java compiler provides a default constructor by default.

    There are two types of constructors in Java: no-arg constructor, and parameterized
    constructor.

    Note: It is called constructor because it constructs the values at the time of object
    creation. It is not necessary to write a constructor for a class. It is because java
    compiler creates a default constructor if your class doesn't have any.

    Rules for creating Java constructor

    There are two rules defined for the constructor.

    1. Constructor name must be the same as its class name

    2. A Constructor must have no explicit return type


    3. A Java constructor cannot be abstract, static, final, and synchronized

    Note: We can use access modifiers while declaring a constructor. It controls the


    object creation. In other words, we can have private, protected, public or default
    constructor in Java.

    Types of Java constructors


    There are two types of constructors in Java:

    1. Default constructor (no-arg constructor)

    2. Parameterized constructor

    Java Default Constructor


    A constructor is called "Default Constructor" when it doesn't have any parameter.

    Syntax of default constructor:

    1. <class_name>(){}  
    Example of default constructor

    In this example, we are creating the no-arg constructor in the Bike class. It will be invoked at the tim

    1. //Java Program to create and call a default constructor  
    2. class Bike1{  
    3. //creating a default constructor  
    4. Bike1(){System.out.println("Bike is created");}  
    5. //main method  
    6. public static void main(String args[]){  
    7. //calling a default constructor  
    8. Bike1 b=new Bike1();  
    9. }  
    10. }  
    Test it Now

    Output:

    Bike is created

    Rule: If there is no constructor in a class, compiler automatically creates a


    default constructor.

    Q) What is the purpose of a default constructor?


    The default constructor is used to provide the default values to the object like 0, null,
    etc., depending on the type.

    Example of default constructor that displays the default


    values

    1. //Let us see another example of default constructor  
    2. //which displays the default values  
    3. class Student3{  
    4. int id;  
    5. String name;  
    6. //method to display the value of id and name  
    7. void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name);}  
    8.   
    9. public static void main(String args[]){  
    10. //creating objects  
    11. Student3 s1=new Student3();  
    12. Student3 s2=new Student3();  
    13. //displaying values of the object  
    14. s1.display();  
    15. s2.display();  
    16. }  
    17. }  
    Test it Now

    Output:

    0 null

    0 null

    Explanation:In the above class,you are not creating any constructor so compiler
    provides you a default constructor. Here 0 and null values are provided by default
    constructor.
    Java Parameterized Constructor

    A constructor which has a specific number of parameters is called a parameterized


    constructor.

    Why use the parameterized constructor?

    The parameterized constructor is used to provide different values to distinct objects.


    However, you can provide the same values also.

    Example of parameterized constructor

    In this example, we have created the constructor of Student class that have two
    parameters. We can have any number of parameters in the constructor.

    1. //Java Program to demonstrate the use of the parameterized constructor.  
    2. class Student4{  
    3.     int id;  
    4.     String name;  
    5.     //creating a parameterized constructor  
    6.     Student4(int i,String n){  
    7.     id = i;  
    8.     name = n;  
    9.     }  
    10.     //method to display the values  
    11.     void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name);}  
    12.    
    13.     public static void main(String args[]){  
    14.     //creating objects and passing values  
    15.     Student4 s1 = new Student4(111,"Karan");  
    16.     Student4 s2 = new Student4(222,"Aryan");  
    17.     //calling method to display the values of object  
    18.     s1.display();  
    19.     s2.display();  
    20.    }  
    21. }  
    Output:

    111 Karan
    222 Aryan

    Constructor Overloading in Java


    In Java, a constructor is just like a method but without return type. It can also be
    overloaded like Java methods.

    Constructor overloading in Java is a technique of having more than one constructor


    with different parameter lists. They are arranged in a way that each constructor
    performs a different task. They are differentiated by the compiler by the number of
    parameters in the list and their types.

    Example of Constructor Overloading

    1. //Java program to overload constructors  
    2. class Student5{  
    3.     int id;  
    4.     String name;  
    5.     int age;  
    6.     //creating two arg constructor  
    7.     Student5(int i,String n){  
    8.     id = i;  
    9.     name = n;  
    10.     }  
    11.     //creating three arg constructor  
    12.     Student5(int i,String n,int a){  
    13.     id = i;  
    14.     name = n;  
    15.     age=a;  
    16.     }  
    17.     void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name+" "+age);}  
    18.    
    19.     public static void main(String args[]){  
    20.     Student5 s1 = new Student5(111,"Karan");  
    21.     Student5 s2 = new Student5(222,"Aryan",25);  
    22.     s1.display();  
    23.     s2.display();  
    24.    }  
    25. }  

    Output:

    111 Karan 0
    222 Aryan 25

    Difference between constructor and method in


    Java
    There are many differences between constructors and methods. They are given below.

    Java Constructor Java Method

    A constructor is used to initialize the state of A method is used to expose the behavior of an
    an object. object.

    A constructor must not have a return type. A method must have a return type.

    The constructor is invoked implicitly. The method is invoked explicitly.

    The Java compiler provides a default The method is not provided by the compiler in
    constructor if you don't have any constructor any case.
    in a class.

    The constructor name must be same as the The method name may or may not be same as
    class name. the class name.

    You might also like