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This document discusses mechatronics and passive electronic components. Mechatronics involves the synergistic integration of mechanical, electronic, computer, and control systems. Examples of mechatronic systems include industrial robots, mobile robots, scanners, and parking gates. Passive electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are important parts of electronic systems. Their values can be determined by color bands or numbers. Kirchhoff's laws and circuit analysis techniques are used to determine the relationships between voltage and current in passive circuits.

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Lect 1

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THE BBEAST
28 views28 pages
This document discusses mechatronics and passive electronic components. Mechatronics involves the synergistic integration of mechanical, electronic, computer, and control systems. Examples of mechatronic systems include industrial robots, mobile robots, scanners, and parking gates. Passive electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are important parts of electronic systems. Their values can be determined by color bands or numbers. Kirchhoff's laws and circuit analysis techniques are used to determine the relationships between voltage and current in passive circuits.

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This document discusses mechatronics and passive electronic components. Mechatronics involves the synergistic integration of mechanical, electronic, computer, and control systems. Examples of mechatronic systems include industrial robots, mobile robots, scanners, and parking gates. Passive electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are important parts of electronic systems. Their values can be determined by color bands or numbers. Kirchhoff's laws and circuit analysis techniques are used to determine the relationships between voltage and current in passive circuits.

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© All Rights Reserved
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28 views28 pages

Lect 1

Uploaded by

THE BBEAST
This document discusses mechatronics and passive electronic components. Mechatronics involves the synergistic integration of mechanical, electronic, computer, and control systems. Examples of mechatronic systems include industrial robots, mobile robots, scanners, and parking gates. Passive electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are important parts of electronic systems. Their values can be determined by color bands or numbers. Kirchhoff's laws and circuit analysis techniques are used to determine the relationships between voltage and current in passive circuits.

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ME-303

MECHATRONICS
Dr. Fakhre Alam Khan

1
What is Mechatronics?
• Mechatronics describes the synergistic 
integration of mechanical , electronic , 

computer, and control systems.





2
APPLICATIONS (EXAMPLES) OF
MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS

• Industrial Robots: Chemical hazardous environment.


• Mobile Robots: Vacuum cleaning, Assisting soldiers in combat
operations, or Delivering food and medicine (recently in Chinese) in
hospitals.
• Scanner: Image converts into computer readable format.
• Parking Gate: Sensor controlled motor
operated gate. 3
Why Do Electronic Systems Matter

4
Active and Passive Electronics

5
Resistors

6
Resistors (why do we need ?)

1. Limit current flow (most of the times)

2. Divide voltage (sometimes)

7
Resistors (value)

 How to evaluate resistance


of a resistor?
 Resistance values are indicated
by color bands.

 What is the resistance of this


Resistor?
8
Capacitors
 Capacitance normally in F or pF.

 Farad (large unit of capacitance).

 That’s why capacitance is given


in F or pF.

Types:
1) Polarized
2) Non-Polarized 9
Capacitors
Non-Polarized:

Polarized:

Large capacitors can hold a significant charge for a long time… 10


Capacitors (why do we need ?)

11
Capacitors (value)
 Capacitance for smaller capacitors are
normally in pF.
 If there are 2 numbers, then value is in pF.
 If there are 3 numbers, then use 3rd digit as
multiplier 10x. (where x is 3rd digit)
 If 3rd digit is “8” divide by “100” and if “9” then
by “10”.
 A Letter code normally indicates tolerance as
shown in table.
12
Inductors
 Stores energy as magnetic field..

13
Inductors (why do we need ?)

14
Inductors (value)
 Small inductors values are in microHenry (H)
 If there are 2 numbers, then value is in H.
 If there are 3 numbers, then use 3rd digit as
multiplier 10x. (where x is 3rd digit)
 If 3rd digit is “8” divide by “100” and if “9” then
by “10”.
 If “R” appears in value, it shows decimal point
and there is no multiplier.
 A Letter code normally indicates tolerance as
shown in table. 15
Passive Electronics (Circuits Analysis)
 Simple equations allow us to determine, rate at which energy
is being:

1. Stored

2. Dissipated

16
Passive Electronics (Circuits Analysis)
1) Electron Flow (Classical Theory) Benjamin Franklin
(1750):
 Electricity as an invisible fluid that flows from area of
excess charge (positive) to an area of deficiency
(negative) of charge.

2) Electron Flow (Modern Theory):


 Benjamin Franklin (1750) guessed incorrectly.
 Electrons flow from negative charge to positive charge.
 For most circuits analysis, this is immaterial.
 For semiconductor theory analysis, we need to
recognize true direction of electrons flow. 17
Passive Electronics (Basic Rules)

18
Passive Electronics (Basic Rules)

19
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)

Quick Check:

20
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)

Quick Check:

21
Circuit Analysis
A voltage divider partitions voltage in a linear manner.

22
Circuit Analysis
Determine the relation b/w input and output signals.

23
Circuit Analysis
Step: 1
Apply KVL to circuit loop formed by Vs, VR and Vc.

24
Circuit Analysis
Step: 2
Apply Ohm’s law and KCL to circuit loop.

25
Circuit Analysis
Step: 3
Substitute and simplify.

1st order Differential equation.

26
Circuit Analysis
Step: 4
Interpret meaning.

 = 2f

See literature for details.


27
Circuit Analysis
Cutoff Frequency:
System's frequency response at which energy
flowing through the system begins to be reduced
(attenuated or reflected) rather than passing through.
Magnitude Gain:
The ratio of output signal to input signal.
Phase Shift:
Normally pure resistor voltage and current in in-phase.
In case of inductor or capacitor, the signal are out-of-phase due to
impedance (due to imaginary component (j) of their resistance.)
28

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