Hàm Biến Phức

Chuong I:So'phni va
dayes' phs
1.So'
S plin
NCZ < QC I C I

1)
Day ding tosophic:
CIR
DatD
9(a,b/1
=

a,bG/R}
(cid)
(a,b)
qa d
+
=

+(a,b) (c,d)[(a
+

c,b d)
+
+

(a,b>
+

(cid) In (ac -

bc,ad bc) +

Ally:Tap
⑰ hop vaqhe=whanva Iphiptrain
trend fig va that man:

i) ChialR nhi l+rg con

qua doing whatIR -> a

H(a.8) $
&

ii) pfisc" 1 =0 cd 4
Cm:Xef(0,1) G
->

I
no
trong
(0,1)" (0,1)(0,1) =
( 1,0)
=
-

=
-
1.
Plu:Trges' at
⑭ xink whi even
dghtrges' phns,
mapticia 1 Agh so
plink, pfii =(9,1) dgldni
as aid

Nxet:DG(a,b)
⑭ (a,8) ((,b)
=
+

=
(a,8) (8,1)(bs8)
+

= a+ bi
z (a,b) 24oenvot. duan dang bi
Vay =
a

(a,bt
(R)

Goisdang dai so' cna epz:

a: p'this (Rez)

b:p'do (Imz)

Dlu:z
⑭ a
=
bic
+

E a
=
-

bi(sp lien
hop cina z

T(c'. Ez =

,
zG(R

E=z Gk
,vz
zTz z
=
+

zfzzt
-

z1z E.ze
=

fze,LC
X.z
= X.z -XG(R,ZtC
2) Mp phnic
1y
z bic
=>

a
+
=

b . . . . .
. M(a,b)

-
-

Ta
goi mp 8sy Lampphu

& abs
# Modun, agrument via so'phie:
z a =
+
bifD, a, b GR

121:Vatie (mdun)

Nxet:i) (Z)]0 z f
D ,
1Z1 0E)
=
z 8
=

ii) (Zn +Ez/ (ze1

-
+ 1Z21s VznEz GD

iii) 1zn. Z2l = (ze1.(Zz1, tz1,zz

iv) z laso that thismodurcia z latrifict
nbi
z:
(F+b)
(Agrament
 Po(z)" x)
1
1
+

=) = Gf [0,2π]skc:

coes-arii,et
=) z
=
(z) (coe9+ien 9)

God 4 etgh
agrementcna z:
YG [0,2π]
Datargz =

,k 0,
ArgE (argz 2kx
1,12....3
=
= +
=

Nxefi
is
arg (z1 E2) angz argEn+
=

ii)
arg =argzn-argzn
iii) z = r (ca 4+iem 9)
1) z2 vu= (CXn 4 +
is4)
4)
Dang mu ina sp:

Cho YER, Date" -a 4+isi4 ①

#z r
=

(ca9+iem9)

=) z vei),
=
v (z),
=
G:
argz
Nxet:
Chozi r.li4 =

z =
kei4z
i(Gn 4u)
+

i) 21 .z2 U1.k =
2
=

ei(4 4u),z
-

ii)
= E 0
.

iii)z re
=
i c
=) zn rujin4
=

5) Phep Khaican
1sp

nevr* z nEN
sp W
ctgh can bacw cna
epz =
,

Daz rei9 =

w =
seig
w" 2E)=
Jugin9 rei9 =

[ y 2ki
2) +
E3C wahn, h

To which, do che his can sin, coe vhitnin angri

Engvah=,...,n-1.
+

W:
=>
SFF(ca hi tiem
42bi)3
(k 0,11.
=
1)

VD:F1

-
1 200+ isi+t
= +

Ga 2kx 2kx,k 0,1....3

1) F =

isii
+
=

k 0 E1 i
cazz isi
=
=
= =
+

k i
1015 isi
1 12c
=
+
=
+
-

............
 Chuaso'Phai
SC:Day va

17
Day SP

Cho\2n30C a

Day 9Zn] Aghhatata z new:

GC

#370, JNoelchotn > N., co

12n -

z 1 <E

VD: lim zn = z
n -
1

NXe': zn xn
iyn(x x,ynt(R)
+
=

(x, y G(R)
z sC+
by
=

tim zn 7 Es
=

I Sum a

yn y
-

ii) -n -
2 -)(2n) -

(z)
iii) zn zpwn -

-> w

=
En =wn -> Iw
z

[
~
En.
Ensun
Wn -

->
z.w
E/W,0
=5
iv) Day GZn3 Khoith=GZn3:CanChy
2) Yap bichan vatap
compact
⑭AN:

&

Hong be'o!is
Chi
· Beo
 Chong 2: Ham sobiensolphin

bien plans
S1:Hain
ChotapDC Anh
Aln:
⑭ 4.
x.8:D +- &
Aguila
sobienso'
I ham phnixaedinh trend.

ki him:w f(z)
= x
=

iy
+

VD:
f(z) z ,zG0 =

z
f(z) x yz 2syi
-
x
iy
+
+
= =
=

=>

SRef=uSiy) -
2) Tink AucvaGuc oten:

inhtren D, E.- D
Choo xac (tap d' tu

Jano:
④
l aahhizzo
ocoghan va view(a):

nth:
imf(z) a
=

XE>0,55> 0.8zGD, 1Z -70170. Paco

(f(z) -

a) <3
 y.(m, j(z) R>0.750
⑭
a =
0
=

sIchoifxED,
12 -

201 /S,taco

(zzd-R -

1) E0
0.1m f(z)
= a =)
=

570,f5M>0.NzE
(z) M, ch. (g(z) -

a 3

+)(if(z) 0
=
=>
*R>0,7M30:1g(z)1 ,
#(z)) M.
④ DIn:
Chog/D<Δ gltn fazoED =>
nz f(z) f(z0)
=
Bai tap:

& 137:3:(z1=3

(z).(f ")
z = +

3.10
=
i)
+

=3.
(cr2z+iimt) -arge:I

21E = -2 (z1:2

(z1.) +iEi)
z =

=2.) -

1 0i)
+

=2 (cre+iimi)=1argz: it

3) z i 1
=
+
1(z):E
=

(z1.)E1 "FE)
z = +

=2.
( i)
=.(cr21+i im2) =

arg:I
 1(z) 22

" liti
47z -

=
1 -
i 3(z)
= = 2 z -
=
1 i
+
=

.
=

+i)
57z 2
=
5:x(z)
+
=
E9

E:reg.
( g")
>

Y elcho:
=
argE: <109 21E9.
=

Eg im9:51

67z 2-5: =11z1:Eg

=

Es.
(Eg "s")
zi

G 4:21Es
=>
argz =

elcho(cos4:-5)
in E3.

77z :
-
2 50=1(z):Eg
+

zi was = im4 51
=
2 se

Eq
 8) z ib(b f0) 1(z) b
=
= =

b.(8 bi)
z =
+

b.(0 1i)
=
+

b/os
=
+
iint
arg:It
is

9) z =
a ib(a 0)
+
+

THe:12):Va

:z:
th("bel
=)arge:9sk: 9 ca
4:
I
bu
sin -

THe:b 0 =

= 1121:a

:z =

a(2 0i) +

:
a (conit+ iin i)

=arg:i.
& z = =
-1. Datz r (car imE) rein
/
=
+
=

PTE) reiY rn.ei(n-e 4 =

> r(cos4-ism G) nn-(Cos =

(n-1)4+ iem(n-1)4)
4:rncor(n-1)9
(e)
Gre0e4:Murtim
rein (n-1)4

=rin-y 1
=
=) r 1(don 2)
=
=

cor 9 coe(n-114
S
=

Akhists, taco:
sin G:sin (n-1)4

S
(n-1)4=4
=2kee
=
2 kit
+

[I
(=) (I

L (n -

1)4 4 2k =
+

(n -119:n -0 2kπ
+
4 2hi(a -2
=

G i
=

2k/m
+
 3:Dinh ngha ca's himso cap
1) Ca'sham
cap:
so

f(z) az
=

b,
+

a, bE K:hamugmjen ttinh

f(z):z,mEN:ham mis

f(z) az +
= b, a, b, c,dE K:Ham phantinh
cz d
+

fz:a.z" a,znt....+ +
an-1z+an: Him ti
boz" b,zw -1+... bn 1z bu
+
+

+
-

3 ham ham ho
tren
(a'trghip das bitis
2) Ham mi,
Hail gian, Ham Hypebolic:
+ Xet
E = 1 z +

zi+
+
...

ze
-

..

Thea
dlyAbel, chai has in
then tai WICK

Kihien:e=
~
rE
-
Sm z (-1)".
= E
2n 1+

0
(2n 1)!
n =

+ICO1Z=
-1. E
 Er
2n 1
#Shz
+

= z
ewens!

Chz=
E!
3) Cas tinh chai ina Liam
et:
w

et.e eE
+

i) =
=> et 0, z E C

iZ z
(i) eiz shz ez
-

imz =
1 -
=
-

2i 2

iz Z
iii) eit+ chz e4
- -

CO2z C e
+

= =

2i 2

iv) et, sinz, than

core boar vachn ki 2it

as : Easing

-can
isikt (h 0,2)
=

b0 = 1
=
zr c0r0 =
+ ismO =
1

1 Ei
k 1 1z
ca2 isin
= = +
+
-
=

b 2 =1zs
cret+in=- i
=
=
b, Fi
refore ( 2)
=
+
iim(-)]
=

Ith2+iin his
k 0
=

+ 7k 0 1z1
Y(x(-y) iin( y)]
= -
+

= =

zz
4[(01)) in(I)]
+k 1 =)
= =
+

④ Car:2
gtr:E-
nam trim at
diqua gis +lt? all

vo phan giashein dink

Ahiory zwa ad cardia (a :1, -1,z
1
d
·
Z Dat z- 1 r(cor4+ihm
=
4)

i !
S
E:
Gr(cotti in
if
I am
hittieI)
Dat z =

(cr4+is
-z? r.((4 iim 4)
=
+
2
=
-
1 =
(z 1)(z +1)
-
=>
argz, arg(z-1) farg(z
=
+1)

argE,:arg(z-1) arg (z 1)
+

=> +

tgth":zs:V(cae+iries

=z? v(c014+ 25) +iem (4+2x)

=

=N (c024-:in 4) z2 =
- 1

1)
>argz2 arg(z-1)arg(z
= -

knictd-Apen
③ (z, -zz) IIIze) all -

1z1) ((z zz) Zc() 1z- zel

=
+

+1ze) (a)

=)(zn)- 122) (zi -

ze
122) 117
=
- ze) Ze
+

l lEz-zel+Izel
=Izzt-1ze) Izz -
ze 2

&=> IIzel -(all_ (ze -

zz1

Dan"= lEe)=Izul
"Yay ra(=>
6)a,CMR:
(E-1) largel -

Dat r(c024 ein 4). As:(z) 70, 0.arge

trong
-> i
z =

442i
=

Tacs
(-1):(c 4+
in 93-11
=10004 -
It is in 41:tent
-

-2cg+ hints
1+

2
-
ro

=
=2.pin) 2.
(El
=14largl.

~Yughic hinhho:
New atlet la A,
Elact' ith IE-1) had
dai dayAB
is
large (a As dan day
Cang AB.
Ts otc'co'sdai
rhihow Asda day
day AB Inon
cay
AB.
 Chrony #: Haim
which hint
S1: which hinh
Khanhim him

⑪ Alm:
Chohle
f(z) xac dinh tren mi DCe

Xet:
Mf(z xz)- f(z), z, z ED
+
+

sZ

-New to dien ghan way

z I thisno
dgt ago ham phut,
Kihier:I'(z) boar
CE)
via
I taiz.

j(z) (s f(z =
3
+
z)- f(z)
I

>Neny a das ham

phus taiz thita na y
la E-kha"

vitai z (kha vi
phas
cobha
+
Tgth to niem:
/

f(z), -...., j*(z), -....

Ally:
⑦
Glei g(z), g(z) la-kha vitaizn. Khict',sai
him
af(z) Bg(z), f(z).g(z),
(9(z)
= 0)
+

va:
sig 4-Khavitai Zo

i)(dy = Bg)(z) cf(z) g(z),2,BEC

=
=

ii)
(f.g)"(z) g(z).g(z) f(z).gi(z)
=
+

iii)
(t)'(zr=g'(zc).g(za)-f/zv). g'(zr),q(z) t0
g((z)
iv) Nen
f(z) ta'K-khavita zu
g(z)
va la K-Khari

taif (zo) the

goy kriphustan to va(gog' (zoh
I(z). g(y(zi)
=

VDe:
f(z) z =f(z) nz 1
-
=
=

Ila D-Khari tait zEC

vD2:
f(z):z2
2z - 1
,
z +

G
xj(z) 2z(21,2 z 2=-2z
=
=

(2z -
1)

8 (a G-kha vitai zF I
2) Dienkien
Canchy-Rieman:
f(z) UKxy) iv(x,y),
Chrham =
+

z
xtiytDcK
=

Cen U, Chavi tai (x,y) theorghin thongth;cia ham

bien
& this thita na la khavi the faiz xtig (B khavi)
f
=

(
Ally'
* (AK
Cauchy- Rieman

Ham
exc mi
then DCK laK-kha vi

la R2 Kha
i I'tla
I vi
-

(S
EY (y): e
Cauchy-Rieman
S
he
x R) -

(x,y)
Cu
we
-
=

by
3) Ham chinh hinh va' Iso to as ban:

Alm:Ham
* I dytchink to Z. GD a
him nr>

elche:8 lakhavitai mai z D(Er, r) ED

New
Ichh tai maiz ED thi ta na Jchh /
⑦Lim trencho DC
y: T ace the
mering thanhim Kvagi-e
b vies:
quy
Jchh +
a z= y
mag(z) -
=

chh ai
Is
Zo

AN
Jahlta z b.)
=

8(1) chtaic.

②By:J,9 chhtai Zo. Khicts:

*Bgifg,tight
2
I
chh tai zo

ii) 8 chh tai

/
zu, gchh+af(z)
=
Gofchh tai Ec

VD:Cmr:Lam Rez la K-kha vita: I

f(z) z.
=
C
=

Chh i di (thil
nhing:
Gin
Choz=
xxiy-> f(z) (xxy)e x
i.xy
+
= =

-(u(x,y)
v(x,y) x.y =
x2
=

xetbec-R):
(tasy
(f) x 0 1 zC
y
=
=
= =

wayhim
of chithm hiS-R tai dienz 0, docto John
=

4-khavi tai z 0
=

b, til y
I'(0) bg
= 10 3z)+
-

f(0)
1Z

-him SE. RC1z_him Resz 0

=

1z )0
-
sz 1.
Z 0 -
 52: Taiplan
tigen
tink
13 khanhim
va tinhchat:

+Haiw b, ad-bc goldhim plan

0
tryin
+
az =
=

cz d +

Ally:(at w()
q,w) 1)
=
-
x.
=

knicts:Wie is la
song anh.
-

D/ly:Haiphan it bac
giaskhap
no
trong K
Ally: +1 Ham
region putaham pot
on him
>
Hop thanh cna 2 hptt Iahpty
"I Ham pt boot dung from va"
in hinh wron

Alughia:Cho
D(z, R) CK, RC0
z, WGC dgl d yung qua
drngtron GD(za, R) nen

[arg(z-zr):
1z Zo-
arg(w-Zo
zo1 R2=
(v - =

All:
Hampttbas tinh
to
dixing on 2 diem qua during tron
vDw:Tim axa ptbienhinh trin dvithink which no saw
cho z 2 =
think tam

->
Axqcddang:w= e' z -
2

2z -

VD:Tim
anhxa bien(z)21 think (a) (1,
w(2) 0, =

arg wi(z) 0
=

Ginn
1) 2(z 1)
w einn.(6z
ein,2
-
-

~= =
=

12 z -

1)2
=ein-3/4
(112z 1)2
4.
-

ei
wi(z) -3/4
zeis
=
=

15 -

1
i(5 G)
+

=e
6 0 74
-argu(I) 1
+

x
= -
=
=
=

eir. 112 12
e
-W = z- - z +

=
=

1z
Iz
1
1
-
-

2
UDL:Axa pttbiennia trin mpthanh him fromdrivi
biena road
dany:
W: ei4
a
Bai 2:Tim b, de' ham D.Khavi taz:
a, c saw
x+y;
1)
f(z) x
=

ay
+

i(bx cy)
+
+

27
g(z):cocx(chy-anhy) vrinec(chy behy)
+
-

Giai:
1)f(z) x
=

ay i(bx
+ +

cy)
+

x't hi C-R:

0g
2u

S
=
=

1
ay bx
E
6CC
+

= +
c

= G:
b
x a
cy
- +
+

=
-

= 1
-

Sa b. Vay =
-
c
1,
= a - =
b thD-khavitai
z
=x
iy.
+
21f(z) coes(chy+ashy)
=
+

ismnes(chy+ashy)
Siny'achy--chy-behy
E)
(coex 0
=

-chy-ashy:shy+ beby
G

(smx,coex
=

ntyty= hysh
Ba.5:
Glenz= reit
vag(z) uCr, f).
= Viet
pr C-R

todie Cr,
trong toa
Ogici
reit
z =
(xy rcor8
=
=

r
=
imE

f(z) u(r,0) iv(r,0)

=
+

= y. Y:Cost One
+
in

= +.=-rimeterconte
: =contine

rcone
re

I
Thay (I) vase, (II) vic
- r
=E
hay (I), (II) race, I
↑

=-
C-R do

S re-e
Waypf trong bei to as i
 BaiS: f(z) (x-y2)+2i/cy) =

lac- bhave:

*tH1:8 ; -y

I
f(z) x-y2 diacy
4
hido' =
=

3 1

In
(u(x,y) x
y
=

1 3
= -

v(x,y) 2izy
=

24
Xit hi (C-R):

Inare
212 2k

=)
=

by - lot

2y Ly
-

-
=

*H2:8'
hido' f(z) =

x-y2 dixcy
-

(u(x,y) x
y
= = -

v(x,y) 2izy
=

Xit hi (C-R):

S=
-

212 2k

=)
=

by 0

-xy*
x
y
=
=

2y =
 tH3:
#

[
x 40, y 4,0,y -

0, <O,
x
y -xy
Khi do' f(z) c2-y2- Lixcy
=

1
(ulc y x22 y
=

=>
-

(C-R)? Y) 2ky
-

xthe
L

zU

Se
2x 2x

=)
-
=

zy x 0

Gy y
=
= =

-dy =

tH4:
#

[
x 40, y 4,0,y -

0, 0,
x
xy
-

y
Khi do' f(z) =-x
y2- Lixcy
+

ulce
y) x
y
=

E
=> - +

(C-R)? Y) 2ky
-

xthe
L

zU

Se zy -
S E=-8
Bai 6:Cm z
f(z) =
= K- hui tai d'no ca K

Gi z x
iy f(z) = iy
=

x
=
+
= =
-

Net
=
1,
qu
=

eeer=1S

S it
Do
by

Estimateto now via c

 Chrong it:
bythuges' tick phan mahat

Se: Tich phan phis

1) Du va+/chat:

Trong mp(z) choding cong

5
khong khephimvai-diem
dan La A, cua! laBi

Cho him
& (z) x dinh tren 5. Chan any J bacas
dien chia.

A B
7."Y, 4,..-. 4
+
:

B
In
·

Trending 5
talay' thingy
·

In .
cong

whing diem
ginay;..2;
·

Tu itmain
ye
·

A.
Yo

Capting:(n =

8 (y,*). (4j-1j-)
New him raories chan
phy y,*i
Sn ~
E car

17; -7;-) 0
-

15 n
max ->

this
than dodge rich phan can ham
of
them tral hit him La':

SACEIdz.
 Nen
x+iy, f(z) u(x,y) io(ssig)
- viei:z =

=
+

(((z)dz JUdx-Ody+i)Udy+de
-> =

8 in Loai2,c:
the
chatpothing
+)fdz -
=

j jdz

fig khavi rent (ton taifp) this:

-

B.g)dz
((2.8 2.) jdz
B) Idz, fate
+ +

-> Wen WA? Chia think We. We this

I, sdz
(, fdz. (, 1dz +

+
I(fdz)-(If(z))Idz) Smax
If(z)1.1. dil
Lat dai 2

Wen'z
+
f(y)
=
la and
a gina UvaN thi

heila de
S. (pf(h(a)).
(EIdz
8
=
⑦
Truong hapriery, new Wcopttham so 'hua: E = -z(t)

tE Sa,b] thi

1, f(z1dz (
=

g(z(t)). z'C+)dt.

no
vDn:Chow (a
doanthing z 0,
= z 2 +i.
=

Trl( Ed

-
Witham ela't -> 2t+ it, IE 20,17

8
-
.....,
11
T
-
I
)(2
= t -it).(2 i)d + +

5) tdt
5
=

2) Bodi' Gonsat:
bo de Gone at (
(Ally
Chow: (a ham lien to minionlien D vai U la
f(z) then

strong cong dong trenting khu'strong D. Khicto;E>0,

I
dagias I asca'sdinh t Welcho:

dE'
Sedz Got 2E
-
 a bar cas win 1 the chien
odd:
up drong long too can

drong
S2:Cas dinh ly' Cauchy retic phan
cac himihh
dig song dong.
then

1) Ally' Cauchy who mienton

lien:

Chog(z) chh tvenmien on hier D. Khicts:I

chuten' tron

ZingkhiUCD. Jdz
tacd:(
8
=

Blly'2:NenD
⑦ Lamien dan lien bi chan cot lachntugen

(fat
free
tiny kind this:
I ham y ltus/B=DUSD

richh/D
#
AllyCarchy who min da lien:

Cho Lamiernet len:B UUJ UC ... WOn

=

4)
Alhy:
Klicts:Chog
chh Hus min+1 lien
ID rem
vag HuctrenD.

Jop 1dz 0.
=
Theo cttp Cauchy
I 25ifz(i):Zisi. 21
= 1:4

TH: iG Dr, - i G
Dr

I
(:
= dz

theo at
up Canchy
+
I 2if,(- i)
=

2vi.
=
-

=
4

⑧ Bei
Ede, Und it va 2i
So tacdiz x+
iy, pttehoa
=
Vla:
-

2: -
t1<(1 t) -
(1 +)i,0t 11
+
+

ir---
I
1 [x t) i(t 1)]2. 1 i)dt
+ - +

'
- +
=
 zadz
Bu:
In=(zdz f
+

U coptteo' hoa:z=eit, 02t_) 2n

In=(* eintjeitdt+)
2π
cient. Tent at
[it

i)eicntstattis
i(2n 1t
dt
+

=
e

2π
i(n 1)+ 2 i(2n 1)

%
+

needi
+

=inte lo >i =8

B:
f(z) u(x,y) iv(x,y)
=
+

H(x,y) x3 3xy2 =
-

Taco
3x2 -

3y(

xy
=
-
 Chrony 5:Chai
Taylor
ly' thugesthing die va

Se: Chin Taylor

give he socia ChuaiLing this voting one ching-

el him
he

~Cho Cn(z-zo)" co'ban kinkhas to(aIR.

n 8
=
Trong
hinh lz-Zo LIR chiahas the
from
tag (z)
ZCn(z z)f(z) = -

vig(k)(z) En(n-1)(n -2) ..(n

*

1)(n)z z)*
-

=
-
k +
-

f("(z0) n(n 1) 1.(k n!Ck

=> = -
. . .
.
=

=>(k f()(zu)
=

k!

Chr
* f(z) kha vi vo ban lan tai zo:

Capting Ercw E Cr E. "h z. 0

=

thtagte
LaClimanMacComain
27 Dinh lyTaylor:
-
Wen ham
f(z) chh tven hinhtrin (z-zol LIRthitrong
hind In
from
nay f(z) Litong chachi. Taylor man'staizo. the

f(z) =
Culz-zo)", Iz -zol LD

heeven
cong this:
↳ As diss as dimh day whatbar
G ghczd=I "(z0) Eii (red
= =

Eigen
n!
va.I l oh
trong
hind
frombas quark zu.

VDI:Khaitrien MacLaurini

f(z) z
=

z2 47 13
-

f(z) ,z=2)
=

-
-
Z
(2 3i)][z
9
+

[ -
+
-

(2 -

3i)]

z(z1,2 i) 3i))
=
B
z
+

+ -

x2 -

z. (A +
B) z -

A(2 3i)
-
-

B(2 3i) +

[z (2 3i)"3[z 12 3i)>
-
+
+ -
 =(A B0
+ =

-
A(2 -3i) -
B(2 3i) 1
+

[ E BA ,
-

=
=> =

f(z) I =
[is=z:i)-z]
-
=

=Izlatsi E: Esi i
=

I =
(Esir sites: Eris
~ 1z1 s
r [isimen- silen; z", 1z)(s
 ~4:Ghaitrie
Tay for ta z 1:
=

f(z) z
=

z 2
+

f(z) z3 1 l
=
-

7
+
-
1 3 z
+
- 1

xot:1 113
1
=

3 (z
fz,1)
1)
+
-
-

1(- 1)(z),vaz-
=
)

-
f(z).- 1)(z- 1- (-1(z- 3x
1
+

32
1
+
3)
Bly' day what

glen gragchhtrenmin D, 5day diem phan biet

[zn} <D elcho:

En -> a G
Dvaf(z) g(z.),
= n?1

khids:f(z) =
g(z) zGD