DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ME8492 KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY

16 MARK QUESTION
UNIT 1 – BASICS OF MECHANISM

PART-B

1. (i) Classify Kinematic Pairs based on degrees of freedom

(ii) What is Inversion and list its properties [MAY2016]
2. Define inversion of mechanism. Explain the inversions of four bar mechanism with neat sketch with suitable
example. (or) Sketch & explain any three kinematic inversion of 4 bar chain.
[JUNE 2014/APRIL 2015/NOV 2015/APRIL2017]
3. Explain the various inversions of double slider crank mechanism with neat sketch. [APR2017/18]
4. Design a four-bar crank rocker quick return mechanism to give a time ratio of 1.25 with rocker swing angle as
75° clockwise. Assume the output link (rocker) length as 50 mm and in the right extreme position it is vertical.
5. (i) Find the degrees of freedom of mechanism as shown in figure. [MAY2016]

(ii) State the inconsistencies in Grubler’s criterion [MAY2016]

6. (i) Find the maximum and minimum transmission angles for the mechanisms shown in fig.2. The figure indicates
the dimension in standard units of lengths.
(ii) Write short notes on toggle mechanism [NOV2013/MAY2018]
7. In a crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism, the distance between the fixed
centres is 240 mm and the length of the driving crank is 120 mm. Find the inclination of the
slotted bar with the vertical in the extreme position and the time ratio of cutting stroke to the
return stroke. If the length of the slotted bar is 450 mm, find the length of the stroke if the line
of stroke passes through the extreme positions of the free end of the lever.
[NOV2015/APRIL2017]
8. Sketch & describe the working of two different types of quick return mechanisms. Derive an expression for the
ratio of time taken in forward & return stroke of these mechanisms.
[JUNE2014/APRIL2015]
9. Sketch and explain any various types of straight-line motion generating mechanism.[APR18]

10. What is a kinematic inversion? Discuss any 3 application of inversion of slider crank mechanism with suitable
sketches. [APRIL2017]
11. Find the degrees of freedom for the mechanisms shown in figure. [APRIL2017/2018]

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 UNIT – II KINEMATICS OF LINKAGE MECHANISMS

PART-B
1. In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 15 cm long. The crank AB is 4 cm long and rotates at 120 rpm
clockwise, while the link CD (whose length is 8cm) oscillates about D. Be and AD are of equal length. Find the
angular velocity of link CD when angle BAD=60°. [NOV2015]
2. The crank of a slider crank mechanism is 15 cm and the connecting rod is 60 cm long. The crank makes 300rpm
in the clockwise direction. When it has turned 45° from the inner dead centre position, determine (i)
acceleration of the mid-point of the connecting rod and (ii) angular acceleration of the connecting rod.
[NOV2015]
3. Locate all the instantaneous center of the mechanism as shown in figure 1 shown below. The lengths of various
links are: AB = 150mm; BC = 300mm; CD = 225mm; and CE = 500mm. When the crank AB rotates in
anticlockwise direction at uniform speed of 240rpm, find (i) Velocity of Slider E, and (ii) Angular Velocity of
the links BC and CE. [APRIL2015]

Fig.1 Fig.2

4. (i) In a slider crank mechanism, the length of the crank OB and connecting rod AB are 125 and 500 mm
respectively. The center of gravity G of the connecting rod is 275 mm from the slider A. The crank speed is 600
rpm clockwise. When the crank has turned 45° from the IDC, determine 1.Velocity of the slider A, 2. Velocity of
point G, 3. Angular velocity of the AB.
(ii) Derive an expression for angular velocity of link in a 4 bar linkage [JUNE2014]
5. For the toggle mechanism as shown in figure 3, the slider D is constrained to move along horizontal direction. The
crank rotates at 180 rpm. The dimensions of various links are as follows. OA = 180 mm; CB = 240 mm; AB =
360 mm; BD = 540 mm. For the given configuration determine the velocity of the slider and angular velocities of
links AB, BC and BD. Also determine the linear acceleration of the slider D.

Fig.3 Fig.4
6. A Single cylinder rotary engine is shown in figure 4 below. OA is fixed link, 200mm long. OB is the connecting
rod and is 520 mm long. The line of stroke is stroke is along AD and at the instant is inclined at 30˚ to the
horizontal. The body of the engine consists of cylinders rotates at a uniform speed of 400 rpm about fixed centre
A. Determine the acceleration of slider B and angular acceleration of the connecting rod.
[Apr 2015]

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 Fig.5 Fig.6
7. A four bar chain ABCD as shown in figure 6. In which the link AD is fixed, the length of the links AB =65mm,
BC=75mm, CD=88mm, AD=120mm BF = 45mm CF = 35mm and If the crank AB rotates at 18 rad/sec in
0
clockwise direction. Draw the configuration and velocity diagram when angle DAB=65 and the point E in the
link BC at a distance of 25mm from C and the point G in the link CD at a distance of 28mm. Find the absolute
velocity of point F,E and G and angular velocity of links BC and CD.
8. Derive an expression for Coriolis Component of acceleration with neat sketch and give its directions for various
conditions. [MAY2016]
9. (i) Fig 7, shows the configuration of whitworth quick return mechanism. The length of the fixed link OA and the
crank OP are 200mm and 300mm respectively. Other lengths are AR = 200mm and RS = 400mm. Find the
velocity of ram using instantaneous center method when the crank angle makes a angle of 120˚ with the fixed link
and rotates at 10 rad/s. [NOV2013]
(ii) Differentiate low degree of complexity with high degree of complexity with suitable sketch.

Fig.7 Fig.8
10. Locate all the instantaneous centres of the slider crank mechanism as shown in Fig. The lengths of crank OB
and connecting rod AB are 100 mm and 400 mm respectively. If the crank rotates clockwise with an angular velocity
of 10 rad/s, find: 1. Velocity of the slider A, and 2. Angular velocity of the connecting rod AB.
[MAY2017]

UNIT – III KINEMATICS OF CAMS

PART-B
1. (i) Draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration curves, when the follower moves with simple harmonic
motion and derive the expression for maximum velocity and maximum acceleration. (ii)Depict the types of cams
[MAY2016]
2. A cam with 30 mm as minimum diameter is rotating clockwise at a uniform speed of 1200 r.p.m. and has to give
the following motion to a roller follower 10mm in diameter: (i)Follower to complete the outward stroke of 25
mm during 120o of cam rotation with uniform acceleration and retardation ; (ii) Follower to dwell for 60o of cam
rotation; (iii) Follower to return its original position
11 during 90o of cam rotation with uniform acceleration and
retardation ; (iv) Follower to dwell for the remaining 90o of cam rotation. Draw the cam profile if the axis of the
follower follower passes through the axis of the cam. Determine the maximum velocity of the follower during
outstroke and return stroke and also the uniform acceleration of the follower on the out stroke and return stroke.
[APR 2015/NOV2014]
3. Follower type - roller follower, lift=25mm, base circle radius =25mm Roller radius=5mm, out stroke with
UARM, for 20° cam rotation, dwell for 60° cam rotation, return stroke with UARM, for 90° cam rotation, dwell
3
 for remaining cam period. Determine maximum velocity and acceleration during out stroke and return stroke if
the cam rotates at 200rpm in counter clockwise direction. Draw the cam profile for the conditions with follower
offset to the right of cam center by 5mm.
[MAY2016/2018]
4. The following particulars relate to a symmetrical circular cam operating a flat faced follower: Least radius =
16mm, nose radius = 3.2 mm, distance between cam shaft centre and nose centre = 25mm, angle of action of
cam = 150o, and cam shaft speed = 600 r.p.m. Assuming that there no dwell between ascent or descent,
determine the lift of the valve, the flank radius and the acceleration and retardation of the follower at a point
where circular nose merges in to circular flank.
[APR2015]
5. Draw the profile of a cam operating a knife-edge follower (when the axis of the follower passes through the
axis of cam shaft) from the following data: [NOV2015/MAY2018]
(i) follower to move outward through 30 mm with Simple Harmonic motion during 120° of cam
rotation, (ii) Follower to dwell for the next 60°, (iii) Follower to return to its original position with
uniform velocity during 90° of cam rotation.(iv) Follower to dwell for the rest of the cam rotation. The
least radius of cam is 20 mm and the cam rotates at 240 rpm
6. Draw the profile of a cam in which the follower moves with SHM during ascent while it moves with uniformly
accelerated and decelerated motion during descent. Least radius of the cam = 60 mm; Angle of ascent = 58°;
Angle of dwell= 32°; Angle of descent= 70°; Lift of the follower= 30 mm; Diameter of the roller= 25 mm. If the
cam rotates at 560 rpm anticlockwise find the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower during
descent. [APRIL2017]
7. A Cam is designed for a knife edge follower with following data: (i) Cam Lift = 40mm during 90˚ of cam
rotation with SHM, (ii) Dwell for next 30˚. (iii) During next 60˚ of cam rotation, follower returns to original position
with SHM, (iv) Dwell for the remaining 180˚. Draw the profile of Cam when the line of stroke is offset 20mm from
the axis of the cam shaft. (Assume suitable base circle radius)
[JUN2014]
8. A cam operates an offset follower. The least radius of the cam is 50mm, roller diameter is 30mm, and offset
is 20mm, the cam rotates at 360rpm. The angle of ascent is 48˚, angle of dwell is 42˚, and the angle of descent is 60˚.
The motion is to be SHM during ascent and uniform acceleration and deceleration during descent. Draw the cam
profile[Assume suitable cam lift] [NOV2013]
9. Design a cam for operating the exhaust valve of an oil engine. It is required to give equal uniform acceleration
and retardation during opening and closing of the valve each of which corresponds to 60° of cam rotation. The
valve must remain in the fully open position for 20° of cam rotation. The lift of the valve is 37.5 mm and the
least radius of the cam is 40 mm. The follower is provided with a roller of radius 20 mm and its line of stroke
passes through the axis of the cam. [NOV2017]
10. In a symmetrical tangent cam operating a roller follower, the least radius of the cam is 30 mm and roller radius is
17.5 mm. The angle of ascent is 75° and the total lift is 17.5 mm. The speed of the cam shaft is 600 r.p.m.
Calculate: 1. The principal dimensions of the cam; 2. the accelerations of the follower at the beginning of the lift,
where straight flank merges into the circular nose and at the apex of the circular nose. Assume that there is no
dwell between ascent and descent. [APRIL2017]

UNIT – IV GEARS & GEAR TRAINS

PART – B

1. Calculate: (i) Length of path of contact (ii) Arc of contact and (iii) the contact ratio when a pinion having 23
teeth drives a gear having teeth 57. The profile of the gears is involute with pressure angle 20 o, and module 8mm
and addendum equal to one module. [APRIL2015]
2. Calculate (i) the length of path of contact (ii) arc of contact and (iii) contact ratio when a pinion having 23 teeth
drives a gear having 57 teeth. The profile of the gear involute with pressure angle 20°, module 8mm and
addendum equal to one module. [NOV/DEC 2015]
3. Two gear wheels mesh externally and are to give a velocity ratio of 3 to 1. The teeth are of involute form;
module=6mm, addendum=one module, pressure angle= 20°. The pinion rotates at 90 rpm. Determine (1) the
number of teeth on the pinion to avoid interference on it and the corresponding number of teeth on the wheel, (2)
The length of path and arc of contact, (3) the number of pairs of teeth in contact, and (4) the maximum velocity of
sliding. [JUNE2014]
4. The arm of an epicyclic gear train rotates at 100. Rpm in the anti-clockwise direction. The arm
carries two wheels A and B having 36 and 45 teeth respectively. The wheel A is fixed and the arm rotates about
the centre of wheel A Find the speed of wheel B. What will be the speed of B, if the wheel A instead of being
fixed, makes 200 rpm clockwise. [NOV 2015]

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5. The following data relate to a pair of 20° involute gear in module=6 mm, Number of teeth on pinion=17, Number
of teeth on gear=49; Addenda on pinion and gear wheel=1 module. Find (1) the number of Pairs of teeth in
contact (2) the angle turned through by the pinion and gear wheel when one pair of teeth is in contact, and (3) The
ratio of sliding to rolling motion when the tip of a tooth on the large wheel (a) just making contact (b) Just
leaving contact with its mating tooth, and (c) at the pitch point.
[NOV2014]
6. The cutter of a broaching machine is pulled by square threaded screw of 55mm external diameter and 10mm
pitch, the operating nut takes the axial load of 400N on a flat surface of 60mm internal diameter and 90mm
external diameter. If coefficient of friction is 0.15 for all contact surfaces on the nut, determine the power
required to rotate the operating nut, when the cutting speed is 6m/min.
[APRIL/MAY 2016]
7. A Compound gear train using spur gear is required to give a total reduction ratio of 250 to 1 in 4 steps. The
modules of the gears are 5mm for the first step, 7mm for the second step, 10mm for the third and 16mm for the
fourth. (i) Arrive at the individual speed ratios if a tolerance of +/-0.2% is allowed in the total reduction ratio.(4),
(ii) Find the number of teeth on all gears if minimum no of teeth on any pinion is 20. (4), (iii) Find the pitch
diameters of all gears and centre distance. (4) (iv) Sketch a line diagram showing the gear train. (4)
[NOV2012]
8. (i) In an epicyclic gear train, the sun gear A and the planet gear B are having 36 and 45 teeth respectively. If the
arm rotates at 150 rpm counter clockwise about center of A which is fixed, determine speed of gear B. If the arm
is locked and gear A rotates at 300 rpm what is the speed of gear B? (6)
(ii) An epicyclic gear train is shown in the figure 1. How many revolutions does the arm makes, (1) when A
makes one revolution in clockwise and D makes ½ a revolution in the opposite sense (2) when A makes one
revolution in clockwise and D remains stationary. The number of teeth in gears A and D are 40 and 90
respectively. (10)

Fig.1 Fig.2

9. In an epicyclic gear train a gear C is keyed to the driving shaft A which rotates at 900 rpm. Gears D and E are
fixed together and rotate freely on a pin carried by the arm M which is keyed to the driven shaft B. Gear D is in
mesh with gear C while the gear E is in mesh with fixed annular wheel F. The annular wheel is concentric with
the driven shaft B. If the shaft A and B are collinear and number of teeth on gears C, D, E and F are respectively
21, 28, 14 and 84. Determine the speed and sense of rotation of the driven shaft B.
[APRIL 2015]

10. An epicyclic gear train shown in figure 4. The number of teeth on A & B are 80 and 200 respectively. Determine
the speed of the arm ‘A’: (i) If A rotates at 100rpm clockwise and B at 50rpm anticlockwise (ii) If A rotates at
100rpm clockwise and B is stationary.

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 Fig.4 Fig.5 Fig.6
.
UNIT – V FRICTION IN MACHINE ELEMENTS

PART-B – C402.5

1. The external and internal radii of a friction plate of a single clutch are 120mm and 60mm
r e s p e c t i v e l y . The total axial thrust with which the friction surfaces are held together is 1500N. For unifor m
wear, find the maximum, minimum and average pressure on the contact surfaces.
[NOV2015]
2. The cutter of a broaching machine is pulled by square threaded screw of 55 mm external diameter and
10 mm pitch, The operating nut takes the axial load of 400 N on a flat surface of 60 mm internal diameter
and 90 mm external diameter. If the coefficient of friction is 0.15 for all contact surfaces on the nut,
determine t h e power required to rotate the operating nut, when the cutting speed is 6 m/min.
[MAY2016]
3. (i) In a screw jack, the diameter of the threaded screw 40 mm and the pitch is 8 mm.The total load is 20 KN and it
does not rotate with the screw but is carried on a swivel head having a bearing diameter of 70mm. The coefficient of
friction between swivel head and spindle is 0.08 and between the screw and nut is 0.1. Determine the total torque
required to raise the load and efficiency.
(ii) A single plate clutch transmits 20 kW at 900 rpm. The maximum pressure intensity between plates is 85 kN/m2.
The outer diameter of the plate is 360 mm. Both the sides of the plate are effective and the coefficient of friction is
0.25. Determine the inner radius of the plate and axial force to engage the clutch.
[NOV2014]
4. Determine the maximum power that can be transmitted using a belt of 100 mm x 10 mm with an
angle of lap of 160°. The d e n s i t y of the b e l t is 1000 kg/m3 and the c o -efficient of friction may be taken as
0.25. The tension in the belt should not exceed 1.5 N/mm2
[NOV2015]
5. A flat belt, 8 mm thick and 100 wide transmits power between two pulleys, running at 1600 m/min. The mass of
the belt is 0.9 kg/m length. The angle of lap in the smaller pulley is 165o and the coefficient of friction between the
belt and pulley is 0.3. If the maximum permissible stress in the belt is 2 MN/m2. Find: (i) Maximum power
transmitted and; (ii) Initial tension in the belt.[APR2015]
6. (i) A vertical shaft 140mm diameter rotating at 120 rpm rests on a flat end foot step bearing. The shaft carries a
vertical load of 30kN and the coefficient of friction is 0.06. Estimate the power lost in friction assuming uniform
pressure and uniform wear.
(ii) A multi-plate disc clutch transmits 55 KW of power at 1800 rpm. Coefficient of friction for the friction surfaces
is 0.1. Axial intensity at pressure is not to exceed 160 KN/m2. The internal radius is 80 mm and is 0.7 times the
external radius. Find the number of plates needed to transmit the required torque.
[NOV2013]
7. Following data is given for a rope pulley transmitting 23.628 kW. Diameter of pulley = 40 cm; speed = 110 rpm,
angle of groove = 45°; angle of lap =60°, co efficient of friction = 0.28, No. of ropes = 10. Mass in kg/m length
of ropes = 0.0053 x C2 and working tension is limited 12.2 C2 N where C = girth of rope in cm. Find (i) initial
tension, and (ii) diameter of each rope. [May2016]
8. (i) Derive the force analysis of a body resting on an inclined plane with force inclined to the plane
(ii) List the various types of friction. (4) [NOV2013]
9. A cross belt running over two pulleys 60mm and 300mm diameter connects two parallel shafts 4meters apart and
transmits 7.5kW from the larger pulley that rotates at 225rpm. Coefficient of friction between the belt and the
pulley is 0.35 and the safe working tension is 25N per mm width. Determine 1.Minimum width of the belt
2.Initial belt tension and 3.Length of the belt required. [NOV2017]
10. An electric motor driven power screw moves a nut in a horizontal plane against a force of 75kN at a speed of
300mm/min. The screw has a single square thread of 6mm pitch on a major diameter of 40mm. The coefficient of
friction at the screw threads is 0.1, estimate power of the motor.[NOV2017]

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