DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING

OF ACTION EFFECT RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic name: Therapeutic Vitamin k is to  Vitamin k is a Vitamin k use requires Currently  Monitor the side effects
VITAMIN K Class prevent fat-soluble caution in neonates, there is no such as erythema at the
PHYTONADIONE FAT-SOLUBLE bleeding vitamin that patient with hereditary known injection site, skin Rash
VITAMIN complications affects hypoprothrombinemia, toxicity urticaria,
Actual dose, route, such as coagulation renal impairment, case of associated hypersensitivity
frequency: Pharmacological intestinal, pathways within over anti coagulation due with high reaction, and
1 ampule IV q 8hrs class: volvulus, the body. to heparins, and dosage of hyperbilirubinemia.
x 3 doses HEMOSTATIC torsion, or even hypersensitivity of vitamin k1  To monitor the vitamin
hemorrhagic  Vitamin k is vitamin k. and k2. k, administration or
shock found in food Therefore, level is usually through
and can be a there is no prothrombin time (PT)
dietary designated and INR
supplement. upper
intake
 Vitamin k is level.
essential for the (UL)
synthesis of
coagulation
proteins

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATI MECHANISM INDICATIONS CONTRANDIC ADVERSE NURSING

ON OF ACTION ATION REACTIONS RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic name: Classification:  inhibits cell  to prevent infections  patient’s with CV:  Obtain specimen
CEFAZOLIN ANTIBIOTICS wall at the surgical site hypersensitiv  Thrombophlebitis for culture and
biosynthesis  administering ity to the with IV injection sensitivity
Brand name: Pharmacologic by binding antibiotics prior to drug GI:  Ensure that the
PHIZOLIN class: penicillin- performing surgery  Diarrhea patient is not
FIRST-GEN binding to help decrease the  Abdominal allergic to
Actual dose, CEPHALOSPOR proteins which risk of postoperative cramps penicillin
route, frequency: IN stops infections  Monitor patient for
2mg 2hrs prior peptidoglycan diarrhea
to OR synthesis
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING
OF ACTION EFFECT RESPONSIBILITY
Generic name: Therapeutic class: Inhibits proton Adults: 40mg  Contraindicated in CNS: dizziness,  Monitor patient
OMEPRAZOLE ANTI-ULCER pump activity by IV, medical patient hypersensitive headache for signs and
binding to treatment for to drug or its GI: abdominal symptoms of low
ACTUAL DOSE, Pharmacological hydrogen- patient post- components. pain, constipation, magnesium level,
ROUTE, class: potassium operative to  Overdose: Confusion, nausea, and such as abnormal
FREQUENCY: PROTON PUMP adenosine reduce drowsiness, blurred vomiting heart rate or
40MG/ IV/ OD INHIBITOR triphosphatase, production of vision, tachycardia, Musculoskeletal: rhythm,
located at the gastric acid in nausea, vomiting, back pain palpitations,
secretory surface the stomach diaphoresis, flushing, muscle spasm,
of gastric parietal headache, and dry tremors, seizures.
cells, to suppress mouth.  Instruct the patient
gastric acid to avoid hazardous
secretion. activities if gets
dizzy.
 Teach patient to
recognize the
report signs and
symptoms of low
magnesium levels.
 DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATIONS CONTRANDICATIO ADVERSE NURSING
OF ACTION N REACTIONS RESPONSIBILITI
ES
Generic name: Classification:  It works by  Management  Incompatible with GI:  Inject for at least
KETOROLAC ANTI- stopping the of morphine sulfate  GI pain 15 second
INFLAMMATORY body's moderately  Patients currently  Indicated for
Actual dose, route, production severe, acute  Nausea
taking aspirin, or short term
frequency: Pharmacologic class: of a pain after other NSAIDs  Constipation management (5
30mg IV q8 x 5 NSAIDS substance surgery days)
doses that causes  Diarrhea  Warn patient to
pain, fever,  Vomiting not take other
and NSAID drugs
inflammatio  Advice patient to
n. DRUG TO DRUG seek medical
INTERACTION attention
 Vitamin k – use immediately for
caution/monitor chest pain,
shortness of
breath
 Advise patient to
maintain
adequate fluid
intake

MECHANISM NURSING
DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
OF ACTION RESPONSIBILITY
Generic name: Pharmacological class: Binds to mu-  Relief of  Contraindicated with CNS: seizures,  Assess for level of
TRAMADOL OPIOID opioid receptors. moderate to allergy to tramadol or dizziness, headache, pain relief
ANALGESIC Inhibits reuptake moderately opioids or acute somnolence, anxiety,  Monitor vital
Actual dose, of serotonin and severe pain. intoxication with confusion. signs 
route, Therapeutic class:
frequency: CENTRALLY- norepinephrine in  Decreased alcohol, opioids, or Coordination  Intravenous
50mg slow IV ACTING the CNS. pain psychotropic drugs. disturbance, malaise, injections should
q 8hrs x 5 ANALGESIC  Patients with a history nervousness, sleep be given slowly as
doses of epilepsy or risk disorder, weakness. the Doctor ordered.
factors for seizures. Discontinue drug and
 Patients receiving EENT: visual notify the physician
 MAO inhibitors or disturbance if S & Sx of
CNS depressants hypersensitivity
 Increased intracranial GI: constipation, occur.
pressure or head trauma nausea, abdominal  Assess for
 Patients with a history pain, anorexia, orthostatic
of opioid dependence diarrhea, dry mouth, hypotension or
or who have recently dyspepsia, flatulence, signs of CNS
received large doses of vomiting depression.
opioids.  Monitor the
GU: menopausal patient's liver
symptoms, urinary function, blood
retention/frequency pressure,
respiratory system,
and mental status.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING

OF ACTION EFFECT RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic name: Pharmacological class:  Used as  Management  Should be avoided in CNS:  Monitor what other
MORPHINE OPIATE painkillers of chronic, cases of previous depression, medications a patient
ANALGESIC  Has an moderate to hypersensitivity reaction nausea, is taking.
Actual dose, affinity for severe pain. and immediately vomiting,
route, frequency: Therapeutic class: delta, kappa,  Short term discontinued and urinary  Tell to patients
Precaution only NARCOTIC and mu- management retention taking morphine
opioid of pain.  Extreme caution is should understand
receptors.  necessary with severe the need to avoid any
 Produces respiratory depression other substances that
most of its and asthma exacerbation could lead to
analgesic cases since morphine respiratory
effects by can further decrease the depression
binding to the respiratory drive
mu-opioid  Tell the patient to
receptor report if there is any
symptoms of: nausea
and vomiting,
shortness of breath
and fainting
 Drug Name Classification Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Responsibility
Action
Generic Name: Pharmacological: Stimulates  To prevent  Contraindicated in CNS: anxiety,  Monitor bowel
Metoclopramide Dopamine motility of or reduce patients drowsiness, sound.
antagonist upper GI tract, postoperative hypersensitive to dystonic  Safety and
Brand Name: in block nausea and drug and in those reactions, effectiveness of
Reglan, Metonia dopamine vomiting. with fatigue, drug haven’t been
Therapeutic: receptors at the  To facilitate pheochromocytoma lassitude, established for
Dose: GI stimulant chemoreceptor small-bowel or other restlessness, therapy lasting
5mg trigger zone. intubation. catecholamine- seizures, longer than 12
 Delayed releasing suicidal weeks.
Route: gastric paragangliomas, ideation,  Drug may cause
Oral emptying tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, tardive
Intramuscular secondary to or seizure disorders. confusion, dyskinesia,
IV diabetic  Patient for whom depression, parkinsonian
gastroparesis stimulation of GI dizziness, symptoms, and
Frequency:  GERD motility might be extrapyramidal motor
q 8 PRN dangerous (those symptoms fever, restlessness.
with hemorrhage, hallucinations, Monitor patient
Doctor’s Order: obstruction, or headache, for involuntary
Metoclopramide perforation). insomnia, movements of
1 amp IV q 8  In addition to tardive face, tongue, and
PRN tardive dyskinesia, dyskinesia. extremities,
drug may cause CV: which may
other bradycardia, indicate tardive
extrapyramidal supraventricular dyskinesia or
signs and tachycardia, other
symptoms, hypotension, extrapyramidal
parkinsonian fluid retention, adverse effect.
symptoms, and transient HTN,  Monitor patient
motor restlessness. HF. for fever, CNS
 Metoclopramide GI: bowel symptoms,
isn’t recommended disorder, irregular pulse,
foe use in children diarrhea, nausea. cardiac
due to risk of GU: arrhythmias, or
tardive dyskinesia incontinence, abnormal BP,
and other urinary which may
extrapyramidal frequency, indicate NMS.
erectile
 signs and symptoms dysfunction.  Monitor patient
as well as the risk of Hematologic: for dizziness,
methemoglobinemi agranulocytosis, headache, or
a in neonates. neutropenia. nervousness after
 Galactorrhea, Skin: rash, metoclopramide
amenorrhea, urticaria. is stopped; these
gynecomastia, and Others: loss of may indicate
impotence have libido, prolactin withdrawal.
been reported with secretion,  Diphenhydramine
prolactin-elevating gynecomastia, or benztropine
drugs, including amenorrhea. may be used to
metoclopramide. counteract
extrapyramidal
adverse effects
from high dose.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS AND ADVERSE NURSING

ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS REACTIONS RESPONSIBILITIES
Genericname: Opiod agonist- Binds eith opiatereceptors Indication:Relief of moderate CNS: sedation,  Assess pt.
Nalbuphine antagonist Analgesic in CNS: ascending pain to severe pain, for pre- dizziness, underlying
Brand name: pathways in limbic system, operatively analgesia, vertigo, condition before
Nubain thalamus, midbrain, supplement to balance depression, theraphy, obtain
Dosage: 5mg hypothalamus, altering anesthesia, surgical dysphoria, drug history.
Frequency: q6hrs. perception and emotional anesthesia, obstetrical euphoria, Assess pain
PRN response to pain. Relieves analgesia faintness, (characteristics,
Route: IV pain. Contraindications:Hypersensi floating feeling, location,
tivity. Used cautiously in hallucinations, intensity, type)
patient with emotional heaviness before
instability, head injury, feeling, administration
increased ICP, impaired hostility, and after
ventilation, MI accompanied nervousness, treatment
by N/V, upcoming biliary seizures,  Monitor vital
surgery, and heatic or renal tingling, signs after
disease unreality, oarenteral route.
unusual dreams  Monitor for
CV:Bradycardia respiratory
, hypertension, depression, assess
hypotension, respiratory rate,
tachycardia character and
GU: urinary rythm. Reports
urgency respiratory rate of
Respiratory: <10 per min.
repiratory Watch out for
depression, muscle rigidity
asthma,  Monitor allergic
dyspnea, reaction:pruritus
pulmonary and urticaria
edema  Assess pt. and
family'sknowledg
e of drug
theraphy.