Importance of Well Control...

Importance of Well Control
Importance of Well Control
1. Safety at Well and Assets ( Equipment + People)

2. What if – Liability Scenarios
3. Understanding Root Causes
4. Building Well Control / Safety Culture
i. Concept and Design
ii.Pressure Control Equipment
iii.Training of Personnel
Safety at Wells and Asset
• Safety Of Assets
• Design, and Controls
• Deployment and Utilization
• Equipment and Systems
• Monitoring Integrity
• Health of People Working
• Competent and Trained People
• Upgrading Health and Skills
• Environment Impact
• Carbon Signature
• Methane Monitoring
What if - What Can Happen
Understanding Safety Barriers For Well Control
• Purpose of the workers and professionals is to
avert incidents.
• Several Companies use models to assess the
risks associated with the incidents
• Swiss Cheese Model : Hazards do exist, and events
can happen when the barriers (cheese slices
shown) fail. The model helps people to realize the
importance of barriers and assess the risk before
and after the event.
• Bow Tie Model : Helps to assess risks and
demonstrate threats, and consequences along with
importance of barriers
• It is critical to note that Oilfield is a

hazardous place and the incident / top event
can take place necessitating a good
understanding of Well Control
Understanding Root Causes
Several Explanations related to the Barrier

Failures are available and it is
recommended to watch the video shared
by US Government.
Barrier failures have led industrywide response including the govts and
International Associations and Committees of Oil and Gas Operators. API
Standard 53 published in Nov 2012 replacing the Recommended Practice API
RP 53. The standard details the pressure control equipment must Comply to
avert the Incidents.
Building Well Control – WCI
• To keep Well’s hydrocarbon contained within the pipe
• Be Familiar with Hierarchy of Controls
• Knowledge of the well construction
• Skilled personnel
• Critically examine the purpose / Objective (Eliminate /
substitute)
• Develop the concept and select the design method with
least exposure to hazardous situations (Replace hazard)
• Review the risks associated with the Operations
• Verify the engineering controls
• Plan and Prepare Procedures to mitigate risks
• Skilled personnel -Verify Competency and Fit for work
with adequate personnel protective equipment
Building Well Control - Safety Culture
(EHS / HSE / SHE )

What’s the process followed ? ……..Concept, Design, Demonstrate, Execute…
How do we and Measure Safety Culture ???
Using Robust “Safety Management System” Pillars of Success…

Understanding Well Control
Concept of “Barriers”
• Well Barrier Element is a physical element which itself does not
prevent the flow but in combination of other well barrier elements
form a Well Barrier.
• A well barrier is an envelope of one or several well barrier elements
preventing fluids from flowing unintentionally from the formation
in to the wellbore, in to another formation or in to external
environment.
• Barriers can be primary and Secondary
• Examples of Barriers : Primary Casing, Tubing, Cement, Blow Out
Preventer
Barriers During Different Phases of Well
Barriers During Different Types of Well
Barriers During Types of Well Intervention
Well Control – IOGP / IWCF
• Safety at well and Asset focusses primarily in the area of
prevention, in order to reduce the likelihood of major
incidents.
• As part of this, International Association of Oil and Gas
Producer (IOGP) aims to eliminate any unplanned release
of oil and gas from a well. Part of their Work Areas include:
• Monitoring Well Control Incidents (WCI) and share
learnings
• Competency and Training Of personnel
• Develops and implements strategies for Well Control
Systems
• Well Expert Committee (WEC) monitors and develops
Standards that supports overall purpose and mission
of prevention
• IWCF : International Well Control Forum
• Designs, Conducts and Facilitate Competency
Assurance for people in critical roles.
• Several Levels are designed for different roles
• It is highly recommended to complete Level -1 as
follow up of this course.
What if - What Can Happen - Examples
• July 1988 Pipe Alpha Incident
• April 2010 – Macondo Incident
• Jan 2018 - Prior Trust Gas Well Blow Out
• May 2020 – Baghjan Well Blow out
Blow Out in Oklahoma

Back up
Video Links
• Deepwater Horizon
• Pryor Trust Oklahoma
Safety at Well and Asset (Equipment and People
• https://youtu.be/DXMv5ek06uw
Active Standards
API RP 16ST 1ST ED (R 2014) Coiled Tubing Well Control Equipment Systems; First Edition; December 2014 Active Standard
1.1 General
This recommended practice (RP) addresses coiled tubing well control equipment assembly and operation as it relates to well
control practices. Industry practices for performing well control operations using fluids for hydrostatic pressure balance are
not addressed in this RP.
This document covers well control equipment assembly and operation used in coiled tubing intervention and coiled tubing
drilling applications performed through:
— Christmas trees constructed in accordance with API 6A and/or API 11IW,
— a surface flow head or surface test tree constructed in accordance with API 6A,
— drill pipe or work strings with connections manufactured in accordance with API 7 and/or API 5CT.
1.2 Operations Not Covered in this Document
The following operations are not covered in the scope of this document:
a) coiled tubing well intervention operations without the christmas tree (or surface test tree) in place,
b) coiled tubing drilling operations without the christmas tree (or surface test tree) in place,
c) capillary tubing (tubing less than 3/4 in. OD) well service operations,
d) coiled tubing intervention operations within pipelines and flowlines,
e) reverse circulation operations.
API RP 17G5 1ST ED (2019)
Subsea Intervention Workover Control Systems; First Edition; November 2019
Active Standard
1 Scope
This document provides the requirements for the design, manufacture, and testing of intervention workover
control system (IWOCS) equipment. Blowout prevention (BOP) control systems are outside the scope of this
Recommended Practice and typically are not connected to the IWOCS.
Some requirements in this document are specific to the execution of end user–defined safety functions. It is the
end users’ responsibility to define the safety functions (i.e. timed sequence of events to operate a safety class
device) as an input to this document. This document defines “safety class control functions” used to operate
safety class devices. Annex A provides guidance on the determination of safety class control functions based on
the end user–provided safety functions.
This document identifies the IWOCS equipment typically used in a thru-blowout preventer intervention riser
system (TBIRS) and an open-water intervention riser system (OWIRS); see API 17G for more details on these
systems and associated components. The IWOCS equipment described in this document may be used for other
system types. Table 1 lists equipment typically controlled by an IWOCS.
API SPEC 19TT 1ST ED (2016)
Specification for Downhole Well Test Tools and Related Equipment; First Edition
Active Standard
This specification provides the requirements for downhole well test tools and related equipment as they are defined herein
for use in the petroleum and natural gas industries. Included are the requirements for design, design validation,
manufacturing, functional evaluation, quality, handling, storage, and service centers. Tools utilized in downhole well test
operations include tester valves, circulating valves, well testing packers, safety joints, well testing safety valves, testing surface
safety valves (TSSVs), slip joints, jars, work string tester valves, sampler carriers, gauge carriers, drain valves, related
equipment, and tool end connections.
This specification does not cover open hole well test tools, downhole gauges, samplers, surface equipment, subsea safety
equipment, perforating equipment and accessories, pup joints external to well test tool assemblies, work string and its
connections, conveyance or intervention systems, installation, control and monitoring conduits, and surface control systems.
A downhole well test is an operation deploying a temporary completion in a well to safely acquire dynamic rates, formation
pressure/temperature, and formation fluid data. Downhole well test tools are also used in operations of well perforating, well
shut-ins, circulation control of fluids, and stimulation activities. This document covers the downhole tools used to perform
these operations; however, the operational requirements of performing these operations are not included.

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Importance of Well Control

Importance of Well Control

1. Safety at Well and Assets ( Equipment + People)

• It is critical to note that Oilfield is a

Several Explanations related to the Barrier

(EHS / HSE / SHE )

Using Robust “Safety Management System” Pillars of Success…

• April 2010 – Macondo Incident

• Jan 2018 - Prior Trust Gas Well Blow Out

• May 2020 – Baghjan Well Blow out

Blow Out in Oklahoma

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