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Milošević and the Escalation of Yugoslavia War

Research Question:

To what extent did Slobodan Milošević's political ideology and military actions

contribute to the escalation of the Yugoslav Wars ?

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Table of Contents
TOPIC ............................................................................................................ 1

INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 3

CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 3

BIBLIOGRAPHIES ..................................................................................................... 4

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Introduction

The breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s was marked by intense ethnic tension

and political turmoil, eventually resulting in Europe's deadliest conflict since World War II.

Slobodan Milošević emerged as the leader of Serbia during this time and implemented

policies less tolerant towards other ethnic groups in Yugoslavia than those of his

predecessors. This IB Extended Essay aims to explore the extent to which Milošević's role in

the escalation of the Yugoslav Wars by examining the historical, ethnic, and international

context of the region, analysing his key policies, and investigating alternative causes for the

conflict.

The Yugoslav war between 1991 and 2001 was a multifaceted and violent conflict

that arose in the Balkans, leading to the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of

Yugoslavia, a multiethnic and multireligious state established after World War II and

directed by Josip Broz Tito. Following Tito's death in 1980, the country experienced

economic and political difficulties and growing nationalism and ethnic tensions among its

constituent republics. In 1991, four of the six republics declared independence, starting a

series of wars that lasted until 2001. These wars were marked by severe atrocities, ethnic

cleansing, humanitarian crises, and the involvement of international organisations such as

the United Nations, NATO, and the European Union. More than 100,000 people died due to

the conflicts, with millions displaced, and the formation of seven new countries: Slovenia,

Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and North Macedonia.

During the war, many international observers believed that former Serbian President

Slobodan Milošević was the leading cause of the conflict. Milošević, as the leader during the

wars and was accused of promoting an ultra-nationalist ideology and military aggression,

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which caused the match to intensify even further. His firm attitude towards other ethnic

groups and the nationalist ideology of greater Serbia resulted in the civil war, separating the

country and raising the level of warfare, resulting in direct foreign intervention. It is

significant to study how Milošević acted as one of the main reasons that caused the

worsening of the war, causing genocide and various war crime. It is substantial as it happens

near the 21st century after people learned from the past mistake in the Second World War.

Especially how the Balkans ran into chaos from a country with various ethnic groups united

together just ten years after Josip Broz Tito’s death, only one year after Milošević became

the president of Serbia. Thus, this essay will discuss the extent to which Milošević’s role in

the war in general, how he and his belief affected the action of the Serbian military during

the war, and the escalation of the conflict in the Balkan peninsula.

Political Ideology

Conclusion

Bibliographies

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