Unemployment Problem

Unemployment
Along with poverty, unemployment is also widespread in Bangladesh.

“Unemployment is a state of workless for a man fit and willing to work, that is it is a condition
of involuntary and not voluntary idleness”. – C.B. Mamoria.
Unemployment is often described as a “Condition of involuntary idleness”. – Nava Gopal Das.
Types of unemployment
Different types of unemployment are discussed below:
1) Seasonal Unemployment: Seasonal unemployment is very much associated with
agriculture. During the off-season many labors will have to spend their time idly without
having any work. In some industries such as sugar, woolen, ice factories, workers get
jobs only for a certain period of the year or in a particular seasons. When season is over,
they don’t get work into the factories and they will have to wait for the next season to
come to find the same work.
2) Agricultural Unemployment: Agricultural unemployment is caused by a number of
factors such as the very seasonal nature of agricultural work, the decay of cottage
industries, lack of demand for homemade products, lack of alternative work in the rural
areas, sub-division of land holdings, etc.
3) Technological and Frictional Unemployment: Sometimes in the technological field
‘friction’ is caused due to an imbalance between the supply of labor and the demand for
it. This friction does not allow the potentialities of the labor to be tapped. Even though
unemployed workers are there, ready to work, they may not be fit tor the work, or they
may not have the required skill and qualification to do the work. Since the demand of the
customers is constantly shifting from one product to another, it becomes difficult for
workers to catch up with the tastes and choices of the workers. Such shifts in consumer
demand may make certain factories to e closed down leaving behind a trail of
unemployment.
Technological unemployment is caused mainly because of the introduction of labor
saving machines. It is caused due to the reduction of man power necessary to produce a
finished article. The process of automation and mechanization have caused great
anxieties and insecurities for workers displacing good number of them from work. Every
advance in technology virtually means today, displacement of human labor to some or the
other to extent.
4) Industrial unemployment: Industrial unemployment is caused in another manner. Due
to high pressure of people on land a large number of rural people are moving towards
urban areas in search of jobs in some factories or the other, only to get disappointment in
a short time. Slow growth of industries, competition with foreign industries, unplanned
industrialization, defective industrial policies, labor strikes etc., may also cause industrial
unemployment.
5) Cyclical Unemployment: Due to the “trade cycles”, booms, recessions and depression
are common in the business world. Such ups-and-downs in business, influence the
volume of unemployment which decreases when trade is good and increases when it is
bad.
6) Educational unemployment: There is a close link between the job opportunities and the
system of education. If the education system does not meet the requirements and skills
need in job, there causes some unemployment.
7) Temporary unemployment: Our young men and women who are capable of securing
for themselves some jobs, do not get them soon after their education. Many of them are
made to wait for some time during which they remain as unemployed. People often
change their jobs and in the interval f changing they may remain as unemployed for a
short period.
8) Voluntary unemployment: Voluntary unemployment is found when the workers
voluntarily withdraws himself from the work. He may do so due to the quarrel with the
employer or he may have other sources of income. This condition is relatively rare and
hence this type of unemployment is not given much importance.
9) Involuntary unemployment or under-employment: It refers to a condition in which
the self-employed working people are not working to their full capacity. People who are
partially employed or are doing inferior jobs while they could do better jobs are not
adequately employed. It can be called a state of under-employment.
Evil effects of unemployment

The problem of unemployment is a serious one and it leads to a number of consequences. The
evil effects of unemployment are discussed below.
1) Unemployment and personal disorganization: Unemployment is not only a social
problem it is also an individual problem. An unemployed person loses self-respect and
faces a discouraging and a disappointing outlook. It weakens his ambition, destroys his
capacity for continuous endeavor, induces a liking for idleness and self-indulgence,
impairs technical skills, weakens nerve and will power, creates a tendency to blame
others for failures etc. It also damages physical, mental and moral health also.
2) Unemployment and family disorganization: Unemployment causes physical hardships
and mental agony not only to the individual of the employable age, but also to his family
members. If the income person of the family loses the job, the entire family suffers. In the
absence of regular income the family has o fall back upon its little savings. Valuable
articles, golden ornaments, furniture, vessels and such other things are often sold or
mortgage to find money for immediate expenses.
Unemployment upsets the balance of the family life. The entire family faces uncertainty
and indefiniteness. Children may be asked to stop their education and join factories at an
early age. Wife may be compelled to go out of the household for work.
3) Unemployment and social disorganization: Unemployment, if not controlled, may
prepare the way for social disorganization. Due to unemployment, people fail to live up
to the expectations of society. Some of them may even engage in anti-social activities.
Unemployment may even pollute the economic and political fields. It makes the non-
corrupt persons to become dishonest, the responsible and dignified to become
irresponsible and undignified, the active and creative persons to become idle and
lethargic and son on.
4) Irreparable economic losses: Unemployment causes incalculable economic losses.
Since the unemployed persons become parasites on society they pose a big economic
burden. The failure to provide jobs to all those who have the willingness and the
potentiality to work, inevitably brings down economic production. Low production would
cause low per capital income. People will be compelled to share among themselves
country’s poverty and not its affluence.

Unemployment Problem

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Unemployment

Along with poverty, unemployment is also widespread in Bangladesh.

Evil effects of unemployment

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