NSTP II 2ND SEM MIDTERM REVIEWER

R. A 9163, Otherwise Known as the National Service Training Program Act of 200

SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
- approach wherein community participation is very essential
- a process of capability building of deprived community people to enable them to plan, manage and control
over their own development program
MOBILIZATION - to mobilize / prepare forces for action
COMPONENTS OF SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
 Grwoth
 Empowerement
 Transformation of Social Institutions
 Enhancement of the Ecological Resource
 Dynamic Cultural Innovation
The process is concerned with mobilizing human and financial resources through five main approaches :
1. Political Mobilization
2. Community Mobilization
3. Government Mobilization
4. Corporate Mobilization
5. Beneficiary Mobilization

COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION
- aims at informing and gaining the commitment of community leaders as well as local government
agencies
COMMUNITY ACTION CYCLE FOR COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION
COMMUNITY EXTENSION

Community engagement
- community-centered orientation based in dialogue.
- is a dynamic relational process that facilitates communication, interaction, involvement and exchange
between an organization and community for a range of social and organizational outcomes.
The Goal Framework of Community Engagement
INFORM
CONSULT
INVOLVE
COLLABORATE
EMPOWER
Concepts of Community
1. Systems Perspective
- a community is similar to a living creature, comprising different parts that represent specialized functions,
activities, or interests, each operating within specific boundaries to meet community needs.
2. Social Perspective
- describing the social and political networks that link individuals, community organizations, and leaders.
3. Virtual Perspective
- Some communities map onto geographically defined areas, but today, individuals rely more and more on
computer-mediated communications to access information, meet people, and make decisions that affect
their lives
4. Individual Perspective
- have their own sense of community membership that is beyond the definitions of community applied by
researchers and engagement leaders
Why Practice Community Engagement?
Advocates of community engagement assert that it improves health promotion and health research.
Community Engagement Models
Community Building
- Projects that intentionally bring people together to simply get to know one another.
Community Education
- Projects that provide instructional services or curricula, or serve to educate the public about a social issue
Community ESL classes, and Gather in the Park.
Community Organizing
- Projects that bring people together with the goal of solving a community issue.
Deliberative Dialogue
- Projects that intentionally bring people together to build understanding across differences.
Direct Service
Projects that provide a service or product to an individual, group, or the community as a whole.
Economic Development
Projects that work on developing the regional economy in a sustainable way.
Engaged Research
Research that directly benefits the community by clarifying the causes of a community challenge, mapping
a community's assets, or contributing to solutions to current challenges and also fits a faculty member's
research agenda.
Institutional Engagement
University resources intentionally offered without undue barriers to the community.
COMMUNITY IMMERSION
- a strategy in community organizing that is sought to imbibe among the NSTP trainees a better
understanding and realization of the different community concerns through the exposure on actual life
situations specifically in the deprived, depressed and the underprivileged (DDU) communities.
- one important requirement of the National Service Training Program (NSTP) prescribed to students, male
or female alike, in private and public higher education institutions and technical-vocational schools.
Geographical and Functional
Geographical community
- defined in the purview of group of persons living in the same geographical location like a certain village,
town, district, area or territory.
• Functional community
defined as the aggregate of people though not necessarily based on living in the same geographical
location, is bounded by a common end such as fighting for the same cause, having the same interests
and goals.
Elements of a Community
1. Demographics – includes population distribution and density
2. History – events of the past that contributed to the development of the
community
3. Culture – ways of living of the people
4. Economy – income level and occupation of people
5. Structures – physical, political and social structures in the community
Examples of Community Partners
• Parents
• The youth ( in-school or out of school)
• Differently-abled constituents
• Professionals
• Members of people’s organizations

COMMUNITY EXTENSION
Dynamics in the Community
Community – group of people
Dynamic
– Self-Motivated Person, Active Person, Energetic Person, known as “Dynamics for Development of the
Community”
- the community should be taken into consideration considering the fact that today’s society is affected
with so many problems.

Community Dynamics
– is the process of change and development within communities.
- Which strive to bring about positive social change through community-based programming
What are the Dynamics in Community Level?
Integrative Forces
- the process of integrating intuition, reason and imagination in a human mind with a view to developing a
holistic continuum of strategy, tactics, action review and evaluation for addressing a problem in a field.
- what ones has and what one wants.
- learned by applying the SOARA (Satisfying, Optimum, Achievable, Results Ahead).
Disintegrative Forces
– “Disintegrative” processes are therefore seen as “positive,” whereas people who fail to go through
positive disintegration may remain for their entire lives in a state of “primary integration”
Participative Group
1. “Participative group is known by many names.”
2. Shared Leadership
3. Community Empowerment
4. Community Involvement
5. Participative Decision-Making
Groupism
1. The tendency to think and act as members of a group
2. Is the concept which makes everyone to feel:
2.1. Empathy
2.2. Sympathy
2.3. We Feeling
2.4. Goal Achievement
Subgroup
- A group formed of a subject of members drawn from a larger parent group.
Functions
1. Work towards goal achievement
2. Motivate the members
3. Organize meeting with the members
4. Organize meeting with the external agents
5. Liaisoning with the government and other
Minority Group
- A minority is a sociological category within a demographic
- Those who don’t hold the majority of positions of social power in society
Gender and Empowerment
- Is conceived as a process by which women can overcome many of the hurdles that they face such as
education, work status, employment opportunities, health care, social security, position in decision making
by virtue of their gender.
Community Need Assessment
- needs assessment is an inventory survey instrument that is developed to collect information, which will
identify the needs of a particular community.
- serves as a means of establishing a baseline and does so through a systematic data gathering process.
Poverty
- defined as lack of sufficient wealth (usually understood as capital, money, material goods or resources,
especially natural resources) to live what is understood ‘in society as a “normal life”.
- definition of poverty starts that it is an outcome of longstanding conflicts between haves and have-nots.
In economics – there are two kinds of poverty being considered: the relative and absolute.
1. Absolute poverty - in terms of cash income or expenditures in food, clothing and shelter/ basic needs
2. Relative poverty is defined in terms of median family income.
In politics
- the fight against poverty is usually regarded as a social goal, and most governments have done so,
through active intervention in the form of housing plans, social pensions, special job opportunities, or
requirements.
In law
it is recognized as a mitigating factor for the determination of punishment.Poverty is considered as one of
the causes of increased crime rates amongst the poor by increasing their stress.
In education
poverty affects the learning ability of the pupils to effectively profit from the conducive learning
environment.
Causes of Poverty
Poverty is a political issue. People with right-wing views often consider it as related to laziness and
population explosion.
Types of Causes of Poverty
A. Individual
- Poverty is explained by individual circumstances and/or characteristics of poor people.
B. Aggregate
- There are two types of the aggregate poverty theory and these are: case and generic.
1. Case – According to this theory, aggregate poverty is just the sum of individual poverty.
2. Generic – This is explained by general economy-wide problems, such as:
 Inadequate non-poverty employment opportunities;
 Inadequate overall demand (macro problems, macro policy);
 Low national income (Less Developed Country)

THE PROCESS OF COMMUNITY IMMERSION

Phase I: Pre-Immersion
- regards the identification of the community where the students will be immersed
-Trainees will have to prepare themselves physically, mentally and spiritually for many task ahead.
- Trainees must have waivers from their parents or guardians
Area Selection
1. Groups or communities to be chosen belong to the deprived, depressed and unprivileged (DDU).
2. Willingness of local groups and community leaders to work with you in community projects.
3. A Presence of development agencies and other support institutions providing assistance to the
areas.anticipated activities and demands fall within your available resources and ability to meet them.
4. Stable peace and order situation.
5. Accessibility, Successful community immersion also relies on how quickly and how often you can visit
the community.
Phase II: Entering the Community
- To ensures success in entering the community, it is necessary to have community mapping of the target
area.
Ostentatious Entry.
- Complete with banner and a general assembly of the people, the community ushers in the people who will
undergo immersion or outsiders.
Banking on the People’s Weakness.
- Outsiders sometimes enter the community through catching people’s attention.
Academic Style of Entry. Communities
- called social laboratories because they are a place to test the theories learned in classrooms.
But the best way is People-Centered Approach.
- This approach ultimately believes on the capacity of the community people to participate and
acknowledge whether outsider assistance is really needed.
Phase III. Community Integration
Integration- is a continuous process wherein the trainees come into direct contact and become involved
with the community people.
Border Style. If provisions allow, the trainees may choose to stay and live-in the immersion area for a
certain period of time. Live in
Elitist Style. Some trainees tend to stay close to key informants and political players during their stay in the
community.
But the best way is the People-Centered Method of Living with the People.
Phase IV: Community Needs Assessment
- Need assessment, social analysis or community diagnosis as others refer to, is a concrete base for the
formulation of programs.
Methods in Collecting Data for Community Needs Assessment
Focused Group Discussion (FGD)
- with Key informants. The key informants of the community are people who hold socially responsible
positions such as educators, public officials etc
Community Forum/Assembly.
- This involves holding of group events that may include the entire community.
Public records.
- Public records like national census will provide data for social and demographic indicators of the
community.
Survey.
- Survey and questionnaires involve asking individuals in the community about their everyday needs.
Phase V: Program/Project Implementation
- Project implementation deals with the actual execution of the plans. This phase
of project development includes making the final arrangement with the target
clients/community partners, officials involved in the activities, right schedule