1

Answer
a) Determine the matrix inverse ( using decomposition LU)

2
 0 1
15 3 1
A = @ 3 18 6 A
4 1 12
Calculating U 0 1 0 1
3 15 3 1 15 3 1
R2 15 R1 R2 @ 87 31 A 5 3 @ 87 31 A
4 0 5 5 R 3 87 15 R 2 R 3 0 5 5
R3 15 R1 R3 3 176 1027
0 0 0
0 15 15 1 87
1 0 0
then we …nd L matrix, L = @ l21 1 0 A with l21 = 15 3
= 51 l31 =
l31 l32 1
4 5 3 1
15 l32 = 0 87 15 = 871 0 1
1 0 0 15 3 1
So, L = @ l21 1 0 A U = @ 0 87 5
31 A
5
1027
l31 l32 1 0 0
0 1 0 87 1 0 1
15 3 1 1 0 0 15 3 1
A = @ 3 18 6 A=L U =@ 1
5 1 0 A @ 0 87 5
31 A
5
4 1 1027
4 1 12 15 87 1 0 0 87
Now, we 0 can to1…nd A 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
z1 1 0 0
Let Z = @ z2 A C1 = @ 0 A C2 = @ 1 A C3 = @ 0 A
z3 0 0 1
then
8 , we can to9 solve the three systems for Z
< L Z = C1 =
L Z = C2
: ;
L Z = C3
0 10 1 0 1
1 0 0 z1 1
then, L Z = C1 @ 1
1 0 A @ z2 A = @ 0 A :
5
4 1
1 z 3 0
0 1 0 1 15 87
z1 1
@ z2 15 z1 A=@ 0 A
1 4
87 z2 15 z1 + z3 0
so, z1 = 1 z2 15 z1 = 0 z2 51 (1) = 0 z2 = 15 1
87 z2
4
15 z1 +
z3 = 0
1 1 4
87 5 15 (1) + z3 = 0 z3 = 2387
now0we must to solve 1 U 0 X =1 Z 0 1 0 1 0 74 1
15 3 1 x1 1 x1 1027
so, @ 0 87 5
31 A @
5 x2 A = @ 51 A, Solution is:@ x2 A = @ 1027 20 A
1027 23 23
0 0 x3 x3
87 87 0 74 1 1027
1027
X will be the …rst column of A 1
then A 1
=@ 20
1027
A
23
0 10 1
0 1
1027
1 0 0 z1 0
Now, L Z = C2 @ 1
1 0 A @ z2 A = @ 1 A, Solution
5
4 1
15 87 1 z3 0

3
 0 1 0 1
z1 0
is:@ z2 A = @ 1 A
1
z3 87
0 10 1 0 1
15 3 1 x1 0
U X = Z @ 0 87 31 A @ x2 A = @ 1 A, Solution is:
5 5
1027 1
0 0 x3
0 1 0 35
1 87 87
x1 3081
@ x2 A = @ 176 A
3081
1
x3
0
1027
74 35
1
1027 3081
then A 1
=@ 20
1027
176
3081
A
23 1
1027 10270 10 1 0 1
1 0 0 z1 0
Now, L Z = C3 @ 1
1 0 A @ z2 A = @ 0 A, Solution
5
4 1
1 z3 1
0 1 0 1 15 87
z1 0
is: @ z2 A = @ 0 A
z3 1
0 10 1 0 1 0 1
15 3 1 x1 0 x1
U X=Z @ 0 87 31 A @ x2 A = @ 0 A, Solution is:@ x2 A =
5 5
1027
0 0 x3 1 x3
0 12 1 87
1027
@ 31 A
1027
87
1027 0 74 35 12
1
1027 3081 1027
then A 1
=@ 20
1027
176
3081
31
1027
A
23 1 87
1027 1027 1027
we can to do
0 1 0 74 1 0 1
35 12
15 3 1 1027 3081 1027 1 0 0
A A 1
=@ 3 18 6 A @ 20
1027
176
3081
31
1027
A=@ 0 1 0 A=
23 1 87
4 1 12 0 0 1
0 74 35 12
1 0 1027 1 1027 1027
1027 3081 1027 15 3 1
@ 20 176 31 A @
3 18 6 A=A 1
A
1027 3081 1027
23 1 87
1027 1027 1027
4 1 12
to verify our calculations.

b)
8 Use the inverse to determine
9 the solution.
< 15c1 3c2 c3 = 4000 =
3c1 + 18c2 6c3 = 1500
: ;
4c1 c2 + 12c3 = 2400 0 1
15 3 1
We write the matricial equation, A C = B where A = @ 3 18 6 A C=
4 1 12

4
0 1 0 1
c1 4000
@ c2 A B = @ 1500 A
c3 2400
0 1 0 74 35 12
10 1
c1 1027 3081 1027 4000
then, solving the matricial equation, C = A 1
B @ c2 A = @ 20 176 31 A @ 1500 A
1027 3081 1027
23 1 87
c3 2400
0 1 0 342 300 1 1027 1027 1027
c1 1027
@ c2 A = @ 242 400 A
1027
299 300
c3 1027
(c) Determine how much the rate of mass input to reactor 3 must
be increased to induce a
3
10g=m
0 rise in the
1 0concentration
1 0of reactor 1 1.
15 3 1 c1 + 10 4000
@ 3 18 6 A @ c2 A = @ 1500 A
0 4 1 12 c +
1 20 3 1 0 d 12400
3 0 1
15 3 1 c1 10 4000
@ 3 18 6 A 4@ c2 A + @ 0 A5 = @ 1500 A
4 1 12 c3 d 2400
then
0 1 20 1 0 13 0 1
15 3 1 c1 10 4000
@ 3 18 6 A 4@ c2 A + @ 0 A5 = @ 1500 A
4 1 12 c d 2400
20 1 0 13 30 74 35 12
10 1 0 1
c1 10 1027 3081 1027 4000 333: 3
4@ c2 A + @ 0 A5 = @ 20 176 31 A @
1500 A = @ 236: 03 A
1027 3081 1027
23 1 87
c3 d 1027 1027 1027
2400 291: 43
0 1 0 1
10 333: 3
@ 0 A = @ 236: 03 A so, d = 291: 43
d 291: 43