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    Superman

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    of 4

    Cambridge IGCSE™

    PAKISTAN STUDIES 0448/01


    Paper 1 The History and Culture of Pakistan May/June 2021

    1 hour 30 minutes

    You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.


    * 0 4 9 1 3 7 7 2 4 6 *

    You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)


    Insert (enclosed)

    INSTRUCTIONS
    ● Answer three questions in total:
    Section A: answer Question 1.
    Section B: answer two questions.
    ● Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper,
    ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.

    INFORMATION
    ● The total mark for this paper is 75.
    ● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
    ● The insert contains all the sources referred to in the questions.

    This document has 4 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

    DC (LO) 214425/1
    © UCLES 2021 [Turn over
    2

    Section A

    Answer the following question.

    1 This question is about Anglo-Indian relations between 1911 and the early 1920s.

    Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

    (a) According to Source A, what were the reasons for India supporting Britain in the First World
    War? [3]

    (b) What can we learn from Source B about the British presence in India at this time? [5]

    (c) Explain the importance of the Lucknow Pact of 1916. [7]

    (d) To what extent had India benefited by the early 1920s from supporting Britain in the First
    World War?

    Explain your answer. [10]

    [Total: 25]

    © UCLES 2021 0448/01/M/J/21


    3

    Section B

    Answer any two questions from this section.

    2 (a) Describe the achievements of Ranjit Singh. [4]

    (b) Explain why Muhammad Ali Jinnah chose Urdu as the national language of Pakistan. [7]

    (c) ‘The work of Shah Waliullah was the main factor contributing to the spread of Islam between
    1700 and 1850.’

    How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [14]

    [Total: 25]

    3 (a) Describe what happened at Allahabad in 1930. [4]

    (b) Explain why the Muslim League was formed in 1906. [7]

    (c) To what extent were the outcomes of the War of Independence beneficial for India?

    Explain your answer. [14]

    [Total: 25]

    4 (a) Describe the terms of the Simla Agreement. [4]

    (b) Explain why Congress and the Muslim League opposed the Cripps Mission of 1942. [7]

    (c) ‘Ayub Khan’s agricultural policies were the most effective of the domestic reforms that took
    place between 1958 and 1969.’

    How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [14]

    [Total: 25]

    5 (a) Describe the main events of Muhammad Khan Junejo’s political career. [4]

    (b) Explain why there were changes of government between 1951 and 1958. [7]

    (c) ‘Pakistan has had good relations with the United States since 1947.’

    How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [14]

    [Total: 25]

    © UCLES 2021 0448/01/M/J/21


    4

    BLANK PAGE

    Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
    reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
    publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

    To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
    Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
    at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

    Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
    Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.

    © UCLES 2021 0448/01/M/J/21

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