UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris

Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended

Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

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This text is for question number 1 to 5.

In 1954, the first organ transplant occurred in Boston when surgeons removed a kidney from one identical twin to place it
inside his sick brother. Though some transplants rely upon living donors, routine organ transplantation depends largely
upon the availability of organs obtained from individuals who have died.

From an anthropological perspective, the meanings of death and the body vary cross-culturally. While death could be said
to represent a particular biological state, social agreement about this state’s significance is of paramount importance.
Anthropologist Margaret Lock has explored differences between Japanese and North American acceptance of the
biological state of “brain death” and how it affects the practice of organ transplants. 

Brain death relies upon the absence of measurable electrical currents in the brain and the inability to breathe without
technological assistance. The brain-dead individual, though attached to machines, still seems alive with a beating heart
and pink cheeks. North Americans find brain death acceptable, in part, because personhood and individuality are culturally
located in the brain. North American comfort with brain death has allowed for the “gift of life” through organ donation
and subsequent transplantation.

By contrast, in Japan, the concept of brain death is hotly contested and organ transplants are rarely performed. The
Japanese do not incorporate a mind–body split into their models of themselves and locate personhood throughout the
body rather than in the brain. They resist accepting a warm pink body as a corpse from which organs can be harvested.
Further, organs cannot be transformed into “gifts” because anonymous donation is not compatible with Japanese social
patterns of reciprocal exchange.

Organ transplantation carries far greater social meaning than the purely biological movement of an organ from one
individual to another. Cultural and biological processes are tightly woven into every aspect of this new social practice.

Source: Haviland et al, 2011: 8

No. 1
The word “agreement” as used in the first paragraph means ….

A. Development
B. Difference
C. Protocol
D. Convention
E. Law

No. 2

The importance of the information described in paragraph three is to ….

A. contrast the writer’s argument presented in paragraph two

B. give further explanation of the statement expressed in the first paragraph
C. elaborate more on the writer’s claim in paragraph two
D. give a detailed evidence of description stated in paragraph one
E. emphasize the significance of the topic discussed in the passage

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

No. 3

According to the passage, North American and Japanese people each have their own definition of brain death. Thus, they
have different parameters to consider a human being to be brain-dead.

Is this statement true or false? Why?

A. True, the Americans think that a person is brain dead when there are no apparent electrical currents in their brain,
while the Japanese believe otherwise.
B. True, the difference lies in the fact that Americans consider inability to breathe without technological assistance a
brain death situation while the Japanese don’t.
C. False, both peoples think that when no activities in the brain occur, which means absence of personhood, a person
is already considered brain dead.
D. False, both Americans and Japanese have agreed on the definition of brain death state in order to smoothen the
organ transplant mechanisms between the two nations.
E. False, while the Americans associate loss of personhood with brain death situations, the Japanese do not agree
with the brain-death concept in the first place.

No. 4

From the passage we can conclude that the reason Japanese people reject the brain death state is because ….

A. North Americans use more advanced technologies to measure or judge a person’s biological state
B. Japan is part of the Eastern culture world, while North Americans are Westerners
C. the fact that brain-dead people are still alive can be observed from their beating hearts
D. Japanese people have a different understanding about personhood compared to North Americans
E. for Japanese, a gift cannot be accepted if it’s not given voluntarily and anonymously by others

No. 5

Organ transplantation is not simply a biological movement of an organ, its practice is also highly ... cultural context.
Fill in the blank!

A. reliant on
B. overdependent on
C. independent from
D. detached from
E. resulting in

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

This text is for question number 6 to 10.

Literacy in the Kurikulum Merdeka was aimed toward facilitating students’ general capabilities to think and to make
sense of their knowledge and foster a love of books. But the Kurikulum Merdeka also embeds a much more coherent
theoretical framework for literacy. In the past there has been a lack of text resources, and teaching instruction, particularly
when it comes to the progression of literacy learning at the primary and secondary levels. 

The government has also replaced what was a high stakes national exam with Minimum Competency Assessment,
moving away from testing contents taught in school, this assessment narrowed the focus on assessing students’ general
skills namely literacy and numeracy. The literacy test measures Indonesian students' general literacy capabilities of utilizing
and evaluating the knowledge they learn from many school subjects to formulate and solve problems, that is, critical
thinking. This is quite a departure from the old National Exam, which emphasized measuring students’ mastery of school
subjects or content areas.

However, improving Indonesia’s literacy education demands more than a piece of national curriculum regulation.
More literacy resources (texts/books) and qualified literacy teachers are required to ensure literacy learning in Indonesian
classrooms. Making quality book resources available to support literacy learning is a big issue the government must tackle.
Non-government services such as Room to Read and The Asia Foundation’s Let’s Read provide free-to-download quality
children’s books published by Indonesian nonprofit publishers like the Litara Foundation. 

But greater effort could be directed towards improving qualified Indonesian literacy teachers. This is challenging
because literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka emphasizes nurturing general capabilities and a love of books.
Teachers that meet such qualifications are needed for this to happen. Literacy teachers should be comfortable engaging
students with books for reading skills and discussing difficult topics raised in the book. 

Source: jakpost.com (with modifications)

No. 6
What is the topic of the passage above?

A. Literacy education in Kurikulum Merdeka

B. Literacy education as a way to build critical thinking
C. The importance of qualified teachers in literacy education
D. Vital changes in educational approach through Kurikulum Merdeka
E. Focus shift to literacy and numeracy in Kurikulum Merdeka

No. 7
Paragraph 2 primarily functions to ….

A. illustrate the actual condition of students’ literacy level

B. oppose the idea that extra books resources and better teachers are needed
C. anticipate criticism on the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka
D. counter the argument about the lack of qualifications of literacy teachers
E. further explain the change of focus on education toward literacy

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

No. 8
What is the author’s attitude towards the topic of the passage?

A. the writer is optimistic for there is already a change in curriculum that improves the theoretical literacy framework
B. the writer is skeptical about whether the improvement will be successful without providing books and competent
teachers
C. the writer is sympathetic to the students for having to improve their capabilities in literacy and numeracy
D. the writer is hopeful that the teachers will manage to improve students’ knowledge and love of books 
E. the writer is pessimistic about the government’s effort directed toward upgrading literacy teachers’ qualifications

No. 9

“But greater effort could be directed towards improving qualified Indonesian literacy teachers.”

Which of the following uses the modal word ‘could’ the same way it is used in the sentence above?

A. Could you please give me some water?

B. He could have gone to Bandung last week, but I’m not too sure.
C. It could be dangerous for you to drive alone last night, you know?
D. You could ask the person over there; he might know where your destination is.
E. I could give you some assistance if you need some.

No. 10
But greater effort could be directed towards improving qualified Indonesian literacy teachers. This is challenging
because literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka emphasizes nurturing general capabilities and a love of books.
Teachers that meet such qualifications are needed for this to happen. Literacy teachers should be comfortable engaging
students with books for reading skills and discussing difficult topics raised in the book. 

What does the pronoun “this” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Greater effort to improve literacy

B. Literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka
C. Nurturing general capabilities and a love of books
D. Improving qualified literacy teachers
E. Ensuring literacy education in the classroom

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

This text is for question number 11 to 15.

In English, the sky is blue and the grass is green. But in Vietnamese, there is just one color category for both sky and
grass: xanh. For decades, cognitive scientists have pointed to such examples as evidence that language largely determines
how we see color. But new research with four to six-month old infants indicates that long before we learn language, we
see up to five basic categories of hue: a finding that suggests a stronger biological component to color perception than
previously thought.
The study, published recently in the Preceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, tested the color-
discrimination abilities of more than 170 British infants. Researchers at the University of Sussex in England measured how
long babies spent gazing at color swatches, a metric known as looking time. First, the team showed infants one swatch
repeatedly until their looking time decreased, a sign they had grown bored with it. Then, the researchers showed them a
different swatch and noted their reaction. Longer looking times were interpreted that the babies considered the second
swatch to be a new hue. Their cumulative responses showed that they distinguished among five colors: red, green, blue,
purple and yellow.
“The finding suggests we’re all working from the same template,” explains lead author Alice Skelton, a doctoral-
students at Sussex. “You come prepackaged to make color distinctions but given your culture and language, certain
distinctions may or may not be used.” For instance, infants learning Vietnamese most likely see green and blue, even if
their native language does not use distinct words for the two colors. The same thing could happen for someone who grew
up in England, every color has a name and a code.
Source: Scientific American
No. 11
The author generally compares ….

A. English and Vietnamese language for colors

B. different colors in infants
C. our eyes’ and our language’s perception of colors
D. biology and language
E. how culture shaped our perception of things

No. 12
 The paragraph following the passage is most likely about ….

A. other findings from the research

B. the biological explanation about how we perceive colors
C. the conclusion of the research
D. the development of language for naming colors
E. how culture shaped our understanding about colors

No. 13
   Which information could be added to paragraph 1?

A. another example of language used for interpreting colors

B. colors that can be found in nature
C. the methodology of the research
D. other differences in English and Vietnamese
E. the way colors are depicted in every language

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

No. 14

In English, the sky is blue and the grass is green. But in Vietnamese, there is just one color category for both sky and
grass: xanh. For decades, cognitive scientists have pointed to such examples as evidence that language largely determines
how we see color. But new research with four to six-month old infants indicates that long before we learn language, we
see up to five basic categories of hue: a finding that suggests a stronger biological component to color perception than
previously thought.
The study, published recently in the Preceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, tested the color-
discrimination abilities of more than 170 British infants. Researchers at the University of Sussex in England measured how
long babies spent gazing at color swatches, a metric known as looking time. First, the team showed infants one swatch
repeatedly until their looking time decreased, a sign they had grown bored with it. Then, the researchers showed them a
different swatch and noted their reaction. Longer looking times were interpreted that the babies considered the second
swatch to be a new hue. Their cumulative responses showed that they distinguished among five colors: red, green, blue,
purple and yellow.
“The finding suggests we’re all working from the same template,” explains lead author Alice Skelton, a doctoral-
students at Sussex. “You come prepackaged to make color distinctions but given your culture and language, certain
distinctions may or may not be used.” For instance, infants learning Vietnamese most likely see green and blue, even if
their native language does not use distinct words for the two colors. The same thing could happen for someone who grew
up in England, every color has a name and a code.
Source: Scientific American

What can we infer about the relationship between how we see colors and the language we use?

A. The language people grew up learning affects their ability to see colors.
B. Humans have the ability to distinguish colors despite the language they use.
C. Although babies can tell apart between hues, this skill deteriorates with age.
D. Adults who are exposed to certain languages might see colors differently.
E. The language people speak dulls their color-distinguishing ability.

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

No. 15

In English, the sky is blue and the grass is green. But in Vietnamese, there is just one color category for both sky and
grass: xanh. For decades, cognitive scientists have pointed to such examples as evidence that language largely determines
how we see color. But new research with four to six-month old infants indicates that long before we learn language, we
see up to five basic categories of hue: a finding that suggests a stronger biological component to color perception than
previously thought.
The study, published recently in the Preceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, tested the color-
discrimination abilities of more than 170 British infants. Researchers at the University of Sussex in England measured how
long babies spent gazing at color swatches, a metric known as looking time. First, the team showed infants one swatch
repeatedly until their looking time decreased, a sign they had grown bored with it. Then, the researchers showed them a
different swatch and noted their reaction. Longer looking times were interpreted that the babies considered the second
swatch to be a new hue. Their cumulative responses showed that they distinguished among five colors: red, green, blue,
purple and yellow.
“The finding suggests we’re all working from the same template,” explains lead author Alice Skelton, a doctoral-
students at Sussex. “You come prepackaged to make color distinctions but given your culture and language, certain
distinctions may or may not be used.” For instance, infants learning Vietnamese most likely see green and blue, even if
their native language does not use distinct words for the two colors. The same thing could happen for someone who grew
up in England, every color has a name and a code.
Source: Scientific American

Which information supports the assertion that babies can distinguish colors?

A. Infants that are exposed to the Vietnamese language most likely see green and blue.
B. In Vietnamese language, blue and green both fall under the same color name.
C. Infants show heightened interest when they are presented with new colors.
D. Babies show longer looking time when presented with blue and green colors.
E. Toddlers do not have a full grasp of languages that differentiate colors.

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

This text is for question number 16 to 20.

The process of globalization is very controversial. Many people say globalization will help people communicate. Aid
agencies can respond more quickly to a natural disaster. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to
people who may not have been able to afford them. Jobs available through globalization have lifted many people out of
poverty. Globalization has increased the number of students studying abroad.

Not everyone says that globalization is good, however. Some people worry that Western culture will destroy local
cultures around the world. They fear that everyone will end up eating hamburgers and watching Hollywood movies.
Others point out that people tend to adopt some aspects of other cultures without giving up their own. Ironically, modern
technology is often used to preserve and spread traditional beliefs and customs.

Opponents to globalization blame free trade for unfair working conditions. They also say that outsourcing has
caused wealthy countries to lose too many jobs. Supporters of globalization say that factory workers in poor countries are
making much better wages than they would at other jobs available to them. They also argue that free trade has lowered
prices in wealthier countries and improved the economy of poorer countries.

Source: education.nationalgeographic.org (with modifications)

No. 16

From the passage, the author is trying to convey that ….

A. everyone supports modern times globalization

B. there are pros and cons of today’s globalization
C. globalization is changing the world for the better
D. Western culture cannot be separated from globalization
E. there are bad effects of globalization to some societies

No. 17

“They also say that outsourcing has caused wealthy countries to lose too many jobs.”

We can infer from this sentence that ….

A. wealthy countries have become poorer in recent decades

B. this is the argument made by the supporters of globalization
C. outsourcing has triggered the globalization of jobs in the world
D. outsourcing has transferred jobs to developing or poorer countries
E. there are just enough jobs in wealthy countries now

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 UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 02 Extended
Doc Name:002035 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212120845
Set 02 Extended

No. 18

The word “lifted” in paragraph 1 has similar meaning to ….

A. pulled
B. drawn
C. changed
D. pushed
E. raised

No. 19

What is the significance of the information discussed in paragraph 2?

A. To elaborate on the idea presented in paragraph 1.

B. To propose an opposing point of view to that of the idea in paragraph 1.
C. To introduce the ideas discussed in paragraph 3.
D. To provide a framework for understanding ideas in paragraph 3.
E. To argue that the ideas presented in paragraph 1 is invalid.

No. 20

What is the author's most likely motivation for using the word controversial (paragraph 1)?

A. To show that there are two opposing views regarding globalization.

B. To demonstrate one view that shows harsh judgment towards globalization.
C. To convince the readers that globalization is not beneficial.
D. To present his viewpoint on globalization.
E. To illustrate how globalization has been the center of a dispute.

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