Quiz 2 – P3 (Surveying) 13.

Compute the thickness of a flexible pavement for a wheel

Name & Section: _______________________________ load of 50 kN, if the allowable bearing pressure on the base
Encircle the letter of your answer. of the pavement is 0.15 MPa and the equivalent radius of the
contact area of the tires is equal to 165 mm.
Situation 1 - A -6% grade and a 2% grade intersect at Sta. 14+720 a. 173.4 c. 137.4
whose elevation is at 35 m. The two grades are to be connected b. 160.63 d. 166.30
by a parabolic curve. The rate of change of the grade is 1% per Situation 5 – A sheet asphalt mixture is to be made using the
station. following percentages by weight of the total mix.
1. Find the length of the curve. Material Specific Gravity Percent by Weight
a. 140 c. 130 Sand 2.68 80%
b. 160 d. 150 Filler 2.70 12%
2. Find the elevation of the first quarter point on the curve. Asphalt Cement 1.01 8%
a. 37.8 c. 38.7 A compacted test specimen weighing 11.18 N in air was found to
b. 42.6 d. 46.2 weigh 6.33 N when suspended in water.
3. Find the elevation of the lowest point of the curve. 14. Compute the absolute specific gravity of the composite
a. 32.6 c. 38.5 aggregates.
b. 35.8 d. 36.2 a. 3.27 c. 3.21
Situation 2 – A horizontal curve has a radius of 400 m. Assuming b. 2.37 d. 2.31
that the maximum superelevation rate should not exceed 0.08 15. Compute the bulk specific gravity.
and maximum side friction of 0.18. a. 3.27 c. 3.21
4. Determine the maximum velocity that a vehicle could pass b. 2.37 d. 2.31
thru the curve in kph. 16. Compute the porosity.
a. 120 c. 125 a. 2.37 c. 3.27
b. 115 d. 110 b. 2.53 d. 3.25
5. What is the maximum length in meters of the curve to be
connected at each end of the circular curve for a smooth 17. The number of accidents for 6 years recorded in a certain
transition? section of a highway is 5892. If the average traffic is 476,
a. 136.88 c. 138.86 determine the accident rate per million entering vehicles.
b. 133.55 d. 135.53 a. 5256 c. 5625
Situation 3 – A central simple curve has a spiral curve 120 m long b. 5265 d. 5652
on two sides. For a design speed of 90 kph. 18. It is observed that 50 traffic crashes occurred on a 20-mile-
6. Calculate the desirable radius of central curve in meters. long section of Route 120 in one year. If the average daily
a. 218.7 c. 128.7 traffic on the section was 5500 vehicles, determine the rate
b. 217.8 d. 127.8 of fatal crashes per 100 million vehicles-miles if 6% of the two
7. Calculate the radius of the central curve if the rate of change crashes involved fatalities.
of centripetal acceleration is limited to 0.5 m/s3. a. 6.42 c. 6.47
a. 206.24 c. 204.62 b. 7.42 d. 7.47
b. 260.42 d. 240.26 19. Data on traffic accident recorded for the past 5 years on a
Situation 4 - The free flow speed at a portion of the highway is certain stretch of a two lane highway is tabulated as follows:
62.8 mph and a jam density of 110 veh/mi. Year Property Damage Injury Fatal
8. Compute the density when the flow is maximum. 2010 110 42 4
a. 44 veh/mi c. 55 veh/mi 2011 210 54 2
b. 33 veh/mi d. 66 veh/mi 2012 182 60 5
9. Compute the speed of maximum flow.
2013 240 74 7
a. 41.3 mi/hr c. 32.8 mi/hr
2014 175 94 6
b. 38.2 mi/hr d. 31.4 mi/hr
Total 917 324 24
10. Compute the maximum capacity in veh/hr.
Calculate the severity ratio.
a. 1277 c. 1772
a. 0.725 c. 0.275
b. 1722 d. 1727
b. 0.527 d. 0.257
20. What is the recommended rate of change of centripetal
11. Determine the minimum stopping sight distance on a ˗3.5%
acceleration?
grade for a design of 110 kph. Coefficient of friction between
a. q=0.6 m/s3 c. q=0.2 m/s3
tires and pavement is 0.28. Driver’s reaction time (including 3
b. q=0.4 m/s d. q=0.8 m/s3
perception time) is 2.5 seconds.
a. 270.63 c. 260.73
b. 206.37 d. 207.36
12. The clearance to an obstruction of a horizontal curve is 40 m
and the desirable sight distance when rounding a horizontal
curve is 600 m. Determine the minimum radius of the
horizontal curve if the length of the curve is 550 m.
a. 1118.178 c. 1117.188
b. 1171.188 d. 1181.178
Quiz 2 – P3 (Surveying) Perception reaction time is 2.5 seconds and the coefficient of
Name & Section: _______________________________ friction is 0.35. Determine the appropriate speed limit in kph
Encircle the letter of your answer. considering the stopping sight distance specifications.
a. 25.65 c. 56.25
Situation 1 - A -6% grade and a 2% grade intersect at Sta. 14+720 b. 52.56 d. 26.52
whose elevation is at 35 m. The two grades are to be connected 14. Compute the thickness of a flexible pavement for a wheel
by a parabolic curve. The rate of change of the grade is 1% per load of 50 kN, if the allowable bearing pressure on the base
station. of the pavement is 0.15 MPa and the equivalent radius of
1. Find the length of the curve. the contact area of the tires is equal to 165 mm.
a. 140 c. 130 a. 173.4 c. 137.4
b. 160 d. 150 b. 160.63 d. 166.30
2. Find the elevation of the first quarter point on the curve. 15. A sheet asphalt mixture is to be made using the following
a. 37.8 c. 38.7 percentages by weight of the total mix.
b. 42.6 d. 46.2 Material Specific Gravity Percent by Weight
3. Find the elevation of the lowest point of the curve. Sand 2.68 80%
a. 32.6 c. 38.5 Filler 2.70 12%
b. 35.8 d. 36.2 Asphalt Cement 1.01 8%
Situation 2 – A horizontal curve has a radius of 400 m. Assuming A compacted test specimen weighing 11.18 N in air was found to
that the maximum superelevation rate should not exceed 0.08 weigh 6.33 N when suspended in water. Compute the porosity.
and maximum side friction of 0.18. a. 2.37 c. 3.27
4. Determine the maximum velocity that a vehicle could pass b. 2.53 d. 3.25
thru the curve in kph. Situation 5 – A rigid pavement is to be used to carry a wheel load
a. 120 c. 125 of 53.5 kN. The allowable tensile stress of concrete is 1.38 MPa.
b. 115 d. 110 Sufficient dowels are used across joints.
5. What is the maximum length in meters of the curve to be 16. Design the thickness at the edge of the pavement.
connected at each end of the circular curve for a smooth a. 248.215 c. 241.148
transition? b. 170.517 d. 175.625
a. 136.88 c. 138.86 17. Design the thickness at the center of the pavement.
b. 133.55 d. 135.53 a. 248.215 c. 241.148
Situation 3 – A central simple curve has a spiral curve 120 m long b. 170.517 d. 175.625
on two sides. For a design speed of 90 kph.
6. Calculate the desirable radius of central curve in meters. 18. A portion of the extension of SLEX is known to have a free-
a. 218.7 c. 128.7 flow speed of 60 kph and a capacity of 3600 veh/hr. If a given
b. 217.8 d. 127.8 hour 3344 vehicles were counted at a specified point along
7. Calculate the radius of the central curve if the rate of change this highway, compute the space mean speed of these
of centripetal acceleration is limited to 0.5 m/s3. vehicles.
a. 206.24 c. 204.62 a. 16 or 44 kph c. 20 or 40 kph
b. 260.42 d. 240.26 b. 18 or 42 kph d. 22 or 38 kph
Situation 4 - The free flow speed at a portion of the highway is 19. It is observed that 50 traffic crashes occurred on a 20-mile-
62.8 mph and a jam density of 110 veh/mi. long section of Route 120 in one year. If the average daily
8. Compute the density when the flow is maximum. traffic on the section was 5500 vehicles, determine the rate
a. 44 veh/mi c. 55 veh/mi of fatal crashes per 100 million vehicles-miles if 6% of the two
b. 33 veh/mi d. 66 veh/mi crashes involved fatalities.
9. Compute the speed of maximum flow. a. 6.42 c. 6.47
a. 41.3 mi/hr c. 32.8 mi/hr b. 7.42 d. 7.47
b. 38.2 mi/hr d. 31.4 mi/hr 20. Data on traffic accident recorded for the past 5 years on a
10. Compute the maximum capacity in veh/hr. certain stretch of a two lane highway is tabulated as follows:
a. 1277 c. 1772 Year Property Damage Injury Fatal
b. 1722 d. 1727 2010 110 42 4
2011 210 54 2
11. What is the recommended rate of change of centripetal 2012 182 60 5
acceleration?
2013 240 74 7
a. q=0.6 m/s3 c. q=0.2 m/s3
2014 175 94 6
b. q=0.4 m/s3 d. q=0.8 m/s3
Total 917 324 24
12. Determine the minimum stopping sight distance on a ˗3.5%
Calculate the severity ratio.
grade for a design of 110 kph. Coefficient of friction between
a. 0.725 c. 0.275
tires and pavement is 0.28. Driver’s reaction time (including
b. 0.527 d. 0.257
perception time) is 2.5 seconds.
a. 270.63 c. 260.73
b. 206.37 d. 207.36
13. A building is located 5.8 m from the centreline of the inside
lane of a curve section of a highway with 120 m radius.
SOLUTIONS

Situation 1 - A -6% grade and a 2% grade intersect at Sta. 14+720 whose elevation is at 35 m. The two
grades are to be connected by a parabolic curve. The rate of change of the grade is 1% per station.

Given:
Rate of change of the grade, r = 1%
grade 1, g1 = -6% (negative means downgrade)
grade 2, g2 = 2%
since g1 is a downgrade, the curve is a sag parabolic curve.

Find the length of the curve:

𝑔1−𝑔2
𝑟= ;
𝑛

−6−2
1= ; 𝑛 = 8 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 Use 20 meter interval for every stations unless
𝑛
otherwise stated.

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒, 𝐿 = 20 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 × 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

𝐿 = 20 (8) = 𝟏𝟔𝟎 𝐦

Find the elevation of the first quarter point on the curve.

1
𝐿 = 160 ( ) = 40 𝑚
4

𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑂 ′ :
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑂 ′ = 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑃𝐼 + 40(6%) = 35 + 2.4 = 37.4 𝑚

𝐿 160
ℎ = (𝑔1 − 𝑔2) = (−6 − 2) = 1.6 𝑚 (𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒)
8 8
By Square Property of Parabola, SPOP:
ℎ 𝑦1
𝐿 2
= 2; 𝑦1 = 0.4 𝑚
( ) 40
2
 Elevation of first quarter point on the curve, @ point O:
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑂 = 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑂′ + 𝑦1 = 37.4 + 0.4 = 37.8 𝑚

Find the elevation of the lowest point of the curve:

Location of the lowest point, @ point S
𝑔2𝐿 (2)(160)
𝑋= = = 40 𝑚 from PT
𝑔2−𝑔2 (2−(−6))

𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑆 ′ :
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑆 ′ = 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑃𝐼 + 40(2%) = 35 + 0.8 = 35.8 𝑚
By Square Property of Parabola, SPOP:
ℎ 𝑦2
𝐿 2
= 2; 𝑦2 = 0.4 𝑚
( ) 40
2

Elevation of lowest point on the curve, @ point S:

𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑆 = 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣 𝑆′ + 𝑦2 = 35.8 + 0.4 = 36.2 𝑚

Situation 2 – A horizontal curve has a radius of 400 m. Assuming that the maximum superelevation rate
should not exceed 0.08 and maximum side friction of 0.18.
Given:
Superelevation rate, e = 0.08
Coefficient of friction, µ = 0.18
Radius, R = 400 m
Determine the maximum velocity that a vehicle could pass thru the curve in kph.
𝑣2 𝑣2
𝑒+µ= ; 0.08 + 0.18 =
𝑔𝑅 9.81 (400)

𝑚 1𝑘𝑚 3600𝑠
𝑣 = 31.941 × × = 115 𝑘𝑝ℎ
𝑠 1000𝑚 1ℎ𝑟
What is the maximum length in meters of the curve to be connected at each end of the circular curve
for a smooth transition?
0.036𝑣 3 0.036(115)3
𝐿𝑠 = = = 136.88 𝑘𝑚
𝑅 400

Situation 3 – A central simple curve has a spiral curve 120 m long on two sides. For a design speed of
90 kph.
Given:
Length of spiral curve, Ls = 120 m
Speed, v = 90 kph
Calculate the desirable radius of central curve in meters.
0.036𝑣 3 0.036(90)3
𝐿𝑠 = ; 120 = ; 𝑅 = 218.7 𝑚
𝑅 𝑅
Calculate the radius of the central curve if the rate of change of centripetal acceleration is limited to
0.5 m/s3.
𝑣3
𝑞= ; 𝑞 = 0.5 𝑚/𝑠 3
𝑅𝐿𝑠
𝑘𝑚 1000𝑚 1ℎ𝑟 3
𝑚 (90 × × )
ℎ𝑟 1ℎ𝑟 3600 𝑠
0.5 = ; 𝑅 = 260.42 𝑚
𝑠3 𝑅
Situation 4 - The free flow speed at a portion of the highway is 62.8 mph and a jam density of 110
veh/mi.
Given:
𝑚𝑖
𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑒 − 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑣𝑓 = 62.8
ℎ𝑟
𝑣𝑒ℎ
𝑗𝑎𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑘𝑗𝑎𝑚 = 110 .
𝑚𝑖
Compute the density when the flow is maximum.

𝑣𝑒ℎ
𝑘𝑗𝑎𝑚 110 𝑣𝑒ℎ
𝑚𝑖
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑘 = = = 55
2 2 𝑚𝑖

Compute the speed of maximum flow.

𝑚𝑖
𝑣𝑓 62.8 𝑚𝑖
ℎ𝑟
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑣𝑠 = = = 31.4
2 2 ℎ𝑟

Compute the maximum capacity in veh/hr.

𝑚𝑖 𝑣𝑒ℎ 𝑣𝑒ℎ
𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑣𝑠 (𝑘 ) = (31.4 ) (55 ) = 1727
ℎ𝑟 𝑚𝑖 ℎ𝑟

Question: Determine the minimum stopping sight distance on a ˗3.5% grade for a design of 110 kph.
Coefficient of friction between tires and pavement is 0.28. Driver’s reaction time (including perception
time) is 2.5 seconds.
Given:
Grade, G = -3.5%
𝑘𝑚 1000𝑚 1ℎ𝑟 𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑉 = 110 × × = 30.556
ℎ𝑟 1ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠 𝑠
Coefficient of friction, µ = 0.28
Perception time, t = 2.5 seconds

Stopping Sight Distance, SSD

𝑚 2
𝑉2 (30.556 )
𝑠
𝑆𝑆𝐷 = 𝑉𝑡 + = (30.556)(2.5) + = 270.63 𝑚
2𝑔(µ𝐺) 2(9.81)(0.28−0.035)

Question: The clearance to an obstruction of a horizontal curve is 40 m and the desirable sight distance
when rounding a horizontal curve is 600 m. Determine the minimum radius of the horizontal curve if
the length of the curve is 550 m.
Given:
Sight distance = 600 m
Clearance distance from obstruction, m = 40 m
Length of curve, Lc = 550 m
Since Sight Distance is greater than the length of curve, S > Lc, use:
𝐿 (2𝑆−𝐿) 550 [2(600)−550]
𝑅= = = 1117.188 𝑚
8𝑚 8(40)
Question: A building is located 5.8 m from the centreline of the inside lane of a curve section of a
highway with 120 m radius. Perception reaction time is 2.5 seconds and the coefficient of friction is
0.35. Determine the appropriate speed limit in kph considering the stopping sight distance
specifications.
Given:
Radius, R = 120 m
Clearance distance from obstruction, m = 5.8 m
Coefficient of friction, µ = 0.35
Grade, G = 0, (the road is level)
Perception time, t = 2.5 seconds
𝑆2 𝑆2
𝑅= ; 120 = ; 𝑆 = 74.62 𝑚, 𝑠𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
8𝑚 8(5.8)

𝑉2 𝑉2
𝑆𝑆𝐷 = 𝑉𝑡 + ; 74.62 = 𝑉 (2.5) +
2𝑔(µ𝐺) 2(9.81)(0.35+0)

𝑚 1𝑘𝑚 3600𝑠
𝑉 = 15.63 × × = 56.25 𝑘𝑝ℎ
𝑠 1000𝑚 1ℎ𝑟

Question: Compute the thickness of a flexible pavement for a wheel load of 50 kN, if the allowable
bearing pressure on the base of the pavement is 0.15 MPa and the equivalent radius of the contact
area of the tires is equal to 165 mm.
Given:
Wheel load, W = 50 kN = 50000 N
Allowable bearing capacity, f = 0.15 MPa
Radius of contact, r = 165 mm
𝑊 (50000)
𝑡 = 0.564√ − 𝑟 = 0.564√ − 165 = 160.63 𝑚𝑚
𝑓 0.15

Situation 5 – A sheet asphalt mixture is to be made using the following percentages by weight of the
total mix.
Material Specific Gravity Percent by Weight
Sand 2.68 80%
Filler 2.70 12%
Asphalt Cement 1.01 8%
A compacted test specimen weighing 11.18 N in air was found to weigh 6.33 N when suspended in
water.
Compute the absolute specific gravity of the composite aggregates.
100 100
𝐺 = 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑓 𝑃𝑎 = 80 12 8 = 2.37
+ + + +
𝐺𝑠 𝐺𝑓 𝐺𝑎 2.68 2.70 1.01

Compute the bulk specific gravity.

𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑤𝑎
𝑑= =
𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑖𝑟 − 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎 − 𝑤𝑤

11.18
𝑑= = 2.31
11.18 − 6.33
Compute the porosity.
𝐺− 𝑑 2.37 − 2.31
𝑛= × 100 = × 100 = 2.53
𝐺 2.37

Situation 6 – A rigid pavement is to be used to carry a wheel load of 53.5 kN. The allowable tensile
stress of concrete is 1.38 MPa. Sufficient dowels are used across joints.
Design the thickness at the edge of the pavement.
3𝑊 3(53.5 ×1000)
𝑡= √ = √ = 241.148 𝑚𝑚
2𝑓 2(1.38)

Design the thickness at the center of the pavement.

3𝑊 3(53.5 ×1000)
𝑡= √ = √ = 170.517 𝑚𝑚
4𝑓 4(1.38)

Question: The number of accidents for 6 years recorded in a certain section of a highway is 5892. If the
average traffic is 476, determine the accident rate per million entering vehicles.
Given:
Number of accidents, N = 5892
Average Daily Traffic, ADT = 476
Time period in years, t = 6 years
Accident Rate per million entering vehicles:

𝑁(1000000) (5892)(1000000)
𝑅= = = 5652
𝐴𝐷𝑇(𝑡)(365) (476)(6)(365)

Question: It is observed that 50 traffic crashes occurred on a 20-mile-long section of Route 120 in one
year. If the average daily traffic on the section was 5500 vehicles, determine the rate of fatal crashes
per 100 million vehicles-miles if 6% of the two crashes involved fatalities.
Given:
Number of accidents, N = 50
Average Daily Traffic, ADT = 5500
Time period in years, t = 1 year
Length of segment, L = 20 miles
Accident Rate per 100 million entering vehicles:
𝑁(100000000) (50)(100000000)
𝑅= = = 124.533
𝐴𝐷𝑇(𝑡)(365)(𝐿) (5500)(1)(365)(20)

𝐹𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 124.533 (6%) = 7.47

Question: A portion of the extension of SLEX is known to have a free-flow speed of 60 kph and a capacity
of 3600 veh/hr. If a given hour 3344 vehicles were counted at a specified point along this highway,
compute the space mean speed of these vehicles.
Given:
Free-flow speed, Vf = 60 kph
Maximum capacity, qmax = 3600 veh/hr
Flow rate, q = 3344 veh/hr
Space Mean Speed, Vs
𝑉𝑓
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑉𝑓 − (𝑘 )
𝑘𝑗𝑎𝑚

𝑞 3344
𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑞 = 𝑘 (𝑉𝑠); 𝑘= =
𝑉𝑠 𝑉𝑠

4𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥 4(3600) 𝑣𝑒ℎ

𝑘𝑗𝑎𝑚 = = = 240
𝑉𝑓 60 𝑘𝑚

𝑉𝑓 60 3344
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑉𝑓 − (𝑘 ); 𝑉𝑠 = 60 − ( )
𝑘𝑗𝑎𝑚 240 𝑉𝑠

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑠;

𝑉𝑠 = 22 𝑘𝑝ℎ & 𝑉𝑠 = 38 𝑘𝑝ℎ

Question: Data on traffic accident recorded for the past 5 years on a certain stretch of a two lane
highway is tabulated as follows:
Year Property Damage Injury Fatal
2010 110 42 4
2011 210 54 2
2012 182 60 5
2013 240 74 7
2014 175 94 6
Total 917 324 24
Calculate the severity ratio.
𝛴 𝐼𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑟𝑦 + 𝛴 𝐹𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑆𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, 𝑆𝑅 =
𝛴 𝐼𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑟𝑦 + 𝛴 𝐹𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑙 + 𝛴 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑦 𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒

324+24
𝑆𝑅 = = 0.275
324+24+917