PRE-TEST

Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. Alan is really a book worm. __________ often reads until late at night
a) He
b) Alan
c) She
d) The
2. The cat is running up and down the stairs. Can you catch ………?
a) the cat
b) she
c) he
d) him

3. This souvenir is beautiful, right? __________ is from Ireland.

a) It
b) He
c) This
d) This Souvenir

4. Have __________ got a dog, Sam?

a) anyone
b) they
c) someone

1
d) it

5. He ordered __________a hamburger.

a) himself
b) herself
c) themselves
d) itself

6.Those toys belong to those kids. Those toys are ___________

a) Theirs
b) Yours
c) Hers
d) His

7.This book belongs to my neighbor Willie. This book is ___________ .

a) his,
b) hers
c) theirs
d) yours

8. This bag belongs to you. This bag is ________ .

a) hers
b) yours
c) mine
d) him
2
9. This sewing kit belongs to my mother. This sewing kit is ___________
a) theirs
b) hers
c) these
d) that
10. _________ aren´t my shoes. Mine are not here.
a) this
b) these
c) those
d) that

3
4
LESSON 1: PERSONAL, REFLEXIVE AND RELATIVE
PRONOUN
5
 What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:
a.) identify the differences and similarities between,
personal, reflexive, and relative pronouns

b.) discuss the personal, reflexive, and relative pronoun.

c.) create a short story using personal, reflexive, and

relative pronoun.

Hi, welcome to the first station of your journey in English wherein you will
be encountering the types of pronouns. This topic will serve as your bridge
What’s New
to explore the grammar world

Readentify Me! s

To start with, let’s have first an activity that will trigger your
activeness. Since you are now aware of what is pronoun in your 6
past lessons. What you are going to do is that you are task to
identify the pronouns present in the given text. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.
 Text 1.

My name is Sally. But when I talk about

myself to others, I always use I or me,
not Sally. When I talk directly to you, I
use you most of the time, not your
name. When I refer to another person,
most of the time I use he or him,
instead of the name. When I refer to
my cat, I may say it or he (depending
on how close I am to my cat!). When I
refer to my computer, I say it.

Text 2

Hi. My name is Eric. I often the go to the beach where people

watch the sunset. Today, I invited David who is my best friend to
watch the sunset.

"Have you ever been here David?" "Yes, I have." "Really?"

"I came here with my cousin who lives in London."

"What does he do in London?"

"He works for a company that buys and sells computer

equipment’s."

"Where does he stay?" 7

What is It

Let us know discover and identify some

of the types of pronouns that will
trigger your curiosity to learn and
explore the world of grammar

What is a Personal Pronoun?

A personal pronoun is a pronoun used to refer to particular

people, animals, or things. Personal pronouns are used to
replace people, places or things to make sentences shorter and 8
clearer.

In the following examples, personal pronouns are italicized.

1. You have to come with me.

What is a Reflexive Pronoun?

Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of the action 9

are the same person, animal or thing. In other words, reflexive pronouns
are words ending in -self or -selves that are used when the subject and the
What is a Relative Pronoun?

A relative pronoun is a pronoun that is used to refer to nouns, modify

10
them or say something more about them. The relative pronouns that are
commonly used in English are Who, Whom, That, Which, Whoever,
Whomever, whose, and Whichever.
11
What’s More

Activity 1. You are tasked to create a Ven Diagram

showing the differences between personal, reflexive, and
relative pronoun. Then you are required to discuss how
they differ from each other.

Activity 2. Create a short story using the personal,

reflexive, and relative pronoun. You may choose what
topic you want to choose. You are graded using the rubric
below.

Rubrics Points
Descriptive Details 20
 Detailed, vivid descriptions using the senses: sight, sound,
taste, touch, smell.
 Details are shown not told
 Dialogue moves the plot, increasing suspense, showing
readers a trait(s) of the character(s), and/or changing the
situation or conflict the characters are in
 Setting is the backdrop of the story.
 Characters are known through physical description,
dialogue, and/or interaction with others.
 Length is two pages, no more than three.
Organization 10
 Story is told in multiple paragraphs.
 Paragraph breaks occur when the scene shifts.
 Each time a different character speaks a new paragraph is
created.
Use of pronouns 30
 Written in first-person point of view.
 Uses the pronouns I, me, my, myself, we, us, our,
ourselves.
 Doesn’t use second-person pronouns: you, your, yourself
except in dialogue.
Word Choice 20
 Uses specific nouns.
 Uses action verbs.
 Does not use words like really, always, very, a lot
Sentence Structure 20
12
  No fragments.
 No run-on sentences.
 No awkwardly constructed statements.
 Well-crafted sentences.

What I Have Learned

In a one-half piece of paper, summarize your

understanding in this lesson. Include your realization as
well as the significance of the lesson in doing your
schoolwork’s.

Sum it Up

A personal pronoun is a pronoun used to refer to

particular people, animals, or things. Personal pronouns
are used to replace people, places or things to make
sentences shorter and clearer.

Reflexive pronouns are words ending in -self or -selves

that are used when the subject and the object of a
sentence are the same

The relative pronouns that are commonly used in

English are Who, Whom, That, Which, Whoever,
Whomever, whose, and Whichever.

Answer Key
13
 What’s New What’s More

Text 1. Activity 1. Answer may vary

It, he, she, Activity 2. Answer may vary
I, me, you, we,
them, they, us, What I Have Learned
who, and whom.
Answer may vary

Text 2.
I, who, he

LESSON 2: POSSESIVE, DEMONSTRATIVE AND

INDIFINITE PRONOUNS
14
 What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:
a.) identify the differences between possessive,
demonstrative, and indefinite pronouns

b.) discuss the possessive, demonstrative, and indefinite

pronouns

c.) compose sentences using possessive,

demonstrative, and indefinite pronouns

Hi, welcome to the first station of your journey in

English
What’s Newwherein you will be encountering the types
of pronouns. This topic will serve as your bridge to
explore the grammar world

Arrange the given jumbled letters to form

a correct word inside the box. Write your
NORPOUNS
answer in your activity notebook.
ESSOPESIVES

ETIVRATSMONDE

INTEIDINIF
15
 What is It

What is a Possessive Pronoun?

Possessive pronouns are pronouns that shows

ownership to something or someone. Like all pronouns,
it substitutes a noun or noun phrase so that repetition
is avoided. For example, in the phrase, "These books
are yours, not mine", the words "yours" and "mine" are
possessive pronouns and stand for "your books" and
"my books," respectively.

Examples

This is my bicycle. This is mine.

That is Mary’s necklace. It is hers.

This house belongs to us. It is ours.

This is your shirt. This is yours.

Look at these drawings. Mine is the smaller one.

All the pictures were good but his was the prettiest.

What is a Demonstrative Pronoun?

A demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that is used to refer to 16

something specific in a sentence. It can be either singular or

plural.
 What is Indefinite pronoun?

Indefinite pronouns are pronouns that are used to refer to

17
people or things without mentioning who or what exactly they
are. In other words, an indefinite pronoun does not directly
refer to any particular person, animal or thing. It is ‘not
definite’ and vague. Typical indefinite pronouns are:
What’s More

18
Compare and Contrast the difference between
possessive, demonstrative, and indefinite pronouns. You
may do it in a creative way. May it be a graph, diagram
or any presentation you want, as long as you can
present it accurately. Aside from that, make sure that
you can discuss each comprehensively. Be creative in
presenting the differences of given pronouns. You are
graded using the rubrics below.

What I Have Learned

REFLECTION

In 5-10 sentences write here your takeaways in the lesson. Its application to
your studies and how it can help you become a holistic learner.

Sum it Up

19
 Possessive pronouns are pronouns that shows ownership
to something or someone.

A demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that is used to

refer to something specific in a sentence. It can be either
singular or plural.

Indefinite pronouns are pronouns that are used to refer

to people or things without mentioning who or what
exactly they are.

Answer Key

What I Have Learned

What’s new

Pronouns Answer may Vary

Possessive
Demonstrative
Indefinite

What’s More
Answer may vary

LESSON 3: FORMATION OF ADJECTIVE

20
What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:
a.) define what is adjective

b.) formulate an adjective word out from noun and verb

c.) construct an adjective with suffixes and prefixes.

What’s New

Hi, let us now discover the world of Adjective. You

will be encountering here some adjectives that will
enrich your knowledge on how to incorporate
adjectives in making sentences and in making a
literary text.

Fill in the Missing Letter.

Supply the missing letters to form a correct word.

UON
Choose the group of FLU
letters that HYA
is connected to the
missing group of letters.
EOB SASK

21
 1. E __ V I __ __ S - Feeling or showing envy

2. __ E __ LTH ___ - in a good health

3. M__ V A __ L __ - capable of being moved

4. B L _C __ I __ H - something that is very dark in

color
5. P __ A Y __ __ L - fond of games and
amusements

What is it?
22
 What are Adjectives?

The words that add a description to a sentence

and alter nouns are known as Adjectives. The words
that describe a name, place, person, animal, thing, or
that depicts the number of the noun are known as
adjectives which mean added to. Adjectives are one
of the important parts of speech. It could be any
single or compound word that modifies the noun.
Let’s see below how adjectives are formed?

Formation of Adjectives From Nouns:

We can form adjectives from nouns by adding

suffixes to a noun. The Adjectives that are formed by
adding -y or -al or -ial as a suffix are given below in
the table. If the noun has an ‘e’ in the ending, it is
removed and -y or -al or -ial is added as a suffix to
the noun to form an adjective. 

23

Suffix Noun Adjective

24
Suffix Verb Adjective

-y Speed Speedy

Read Readable

enjoy Enjoyable

-able Shake Shakeable

laugh Laughable

-ous Continue Continuous

-al Judge Judgmental

Hate Hateful

-ful Help Helpful

forget Forgetful

-ic Scene scenic

-less tire Tireless

Create Creative

-ive talk Talkative

Annoy Annoying

-ing amuse amusing

25
What’s More

ACTIVITY 1

Noun and Verb Showdown

Divide the class into two or more teams, then on the left
side of the board write a noun and verb on the right side.
Teams have a minute to write down as many adjectives as
they can out from the noun and verb that is presented.
Teams get a point for every adjective that is appropriate.

ACTIVITY 2

In a one whole sheet of paper, ask each student to

construct a literary piece may it be: poem, short story,
essay, feature etc. that uses adjective incorporating
suffixes and prefixes.

What I Have Learned

26
 Reflection. Answer the following questions.

1. How does the formation of adjective help you boost

your writing skills?
2. What is the significance of formation of adjective in
writing a literary piece?
3. how can you improve your knowledge and skills
using the adjectives.

Sum it Up.

Words that describe a name, place, person, animal,

thing, or that depicts the number of the noun are known
as adjectives which mean added to.

We can form adjectives from nouns by adding

suffixes to a noun

Suffixes like ‘-y’ , ‘-able’ , ‘-ous’ , ‘-al’ , ‘-ful’ , ‘-ic’ , ‘-

less’ , ‘-ing’ and ‘-ive’ can be added to verbs to form
adjectives.

27
Answer Key

What’s New
What’s More What I have
1. envious Learned
Activity 1.
2. healthy
Answer may Answer may vary
3. movable
vary
4. blackish
Activity 2.
5. playful
Answer may
vary

LESSON 4: COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES

What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:
a.) identify different forms of adjective

b.) write the degree of comparison of an adjective

c.) present a table showing different forms of adjective

28
 What’s New

Burgerbable! (burger + describable)

Describe the difference of the three burgers.

What is It

Comparison of Adjectives

Adjectives change form to show

comparison.
Look at the following examples.
Winston is clever.
Winston is cleverer than Harry.
Winston is the cleverest boy in the class.

Clever, cleverer, and cleverest are different

forms of the same adjective clever. The three
forms are called Degrees of Comparison.
29

The adjective clever is said to be in the Positive Degree.

The adjective cleverer is said to be in the Comparative Degree.

30

The Superlative Degree of an adjective denotes the highest degree

of the quality and is used when more than two things or sets of things
31
 What’s More

Create a table showing the different degree of

comparison of a given adjective.

angry blue
bad bold
big bossy
bitter
black
bland
bloody

Adjective Comparative Superlative

angry

bad
big

bitter

black
bland

bloody

32
 blue

bold

bossy

What I Have Learned

Construct sentences using the positive,

comparative, and superlative degree of
adjectives with the following adjectives:

1. strange

2. dull

3. handsome

4. shy

5. blue

33
Sum it Up

 Adjectives change form to show comparison.

 forms are called Degrees of Comparison
 The Positive Degree is used to denote the mere
existence of some quality of what we speak
about. It is used when no comparison is made.
 The Comparative Degree of an adjective is used
when two things or sets of things are compared.
 The Superlative Degree of an adjective denotes
the highest degree of the quality and is used
when more than two things or sets of things are

Answer Key

What’s New – Answer may Vary

What I Have Learned – Answer may vary

What’s More
Adjective Comparative Superlative

angry Angrier Angriest

34
bad Worse Worst

big Bigger Biggest

bitter Bitterer Blackest

LESSON 5: PREPOSITION SIGNIFYING TIME AND
PREPOSITION DENOTING DURATION

What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:
a.) define what is preposition

b.) use preposition signifying time and denoting

duration 35

c.) identify the preposition signifying time and denoting

duration in the given text
 What’s New

Lifetimeline!

Direction: Create a 1-2 minute video of yourself

showing your most happy moments in life. If possible,
you can include what specific event it is. You may send
it your subject teacher via messenger or a copy in a
flash drive.

What is it

Prepositions are words that describe the

position or direction of movement of a thing
or a person, or the time at which something
takes place.

Prepositions Signifying Time

Common prepositions that signify time are at, in and on.

Uses
36
To signify time

To signify a particular time we use at.

Examples:
 However, in some cases, prepositions are not used,
even if time is indicated.

Examples are as follows:

1. Are you going out this evening?

2. The garden was lovely last summer.

3. I am going on holiday next Monday.

4. It might rain today.

5. I am going to the movies tomorrow.

37

Prepositions Denoting Duration

Prepositions are words that denote position, direction of
 Until

Examples:
38
They are going away tomorrow. They will be away until
Friday.

I went to bed early but I was not tired. I read a book until
What’s More

39
 Activity 1. Write On.
You are going to write your own short fiction story
using the preposition signifying time and denoting
duration. You may choose topic you like too. You may
also relate it to your personal experience and do some
innovations. You are graded using the rubric below.

RUBRICS Excellent Very Good Satisfactor Needs

4 pts 3 pts y More
2 pts Work
1 pts
Title Title is creative, Title is Title is Story has a
catchy, and creative and interesting title that is
intriguing catchy. not related
to the plot.
Plot Story has multiple Story has Story has a Either the
problems and multiple problem and problem or
suitable solutions. problems and solution. There the solution
suitable are two events is missing.
solutions. in the story.
Setting The setting is fully The setting is The setting is The setting is
described using fully described described and mentioned.
imagery and and at least at least one -
descriptive three senses two senses are
language are developed. developed.
Characters Characters have Characters Characters Characters
names; are have names, have names have names
physically are physically and are and one
described, and described, and physically descriptive
personalities shine the reader has described. quality about
through; relating an idea about them.
to the characters is their
easy. personalities.
Conventions There are no There are There are few There are
errors. And proper minimal errors. errors and it numerous
use of preposition does not mistakes in
are seen. detract from grammar,
the meaning of spelling, that
the story. detract from
40
 the reading
of the story.
Conclusion/ The conclusion is The conclusion The conclusion There is no
intriguing and is wraps up the leaves the discernable
Resolution/ leaves the reader story well, but reader conclusion.
Denouement satisfied leaves the unfulfilled.
reader with
questions.

Activity 2. Gingerbread Man

You are going to identify the preposition signifying time
and denoting duration by underlining it in a given short
story entitled the Gingerbread Man.

The Gingerbread Man

Once upon a time, there was a ginger bread man by the name of Gingy. This
bright little Gingy was a star. He was admired for his bravery and intelligence, 41
also he was very jealous. There was nothing that could scare Gingy. Everyone
in the kingdom knew that. He was a warrior…always ready to fight for himself
and his loved ones. No one was enemies with little Gingy…except the oven. In
the kingdom, when you were a star, you are bound to have enemies along
42
 What I have learned

How useful is the preposition signifying time and

denoting duration in writing your journals and diary?
Answer it in 2-3 sentences in a separate sheet of
paper.

Sum it Up

 Preposition signifying Time.

- To signify the month, year, or season, we use in
- To signify a day or date, we use on.
- To signify a particular time, we use at.
 There are certain prepositions that denote time
duration. They are from…to, until, since, and for

43
Answer Key

What’s New

Answer may Vary

What’s More

Activity 1. Answer may vary

Activity 2. correct, in, in, at, on, since, until, until,

for, for

What I Have Learned

Answer may vary

44
 LESSON 6: PREPOSITIONS OF TIME AND
PREPOSITIONS DENOTING PLACE AND
DIRECTION

What I Need to Know

Learning Objectives:

a) Differentiate the preposition of time from

preposition denoting place and direction.
b) Select appropriate preposition of time, place and
direction.
c) create a literary text incorporating the prepositions
of time, place and direction

What’s New

Look at the given picture carefully and answer the

following questions bellow.

1. Where is the dog?

2. What do you think is the time?
3. Where is the lamp?

45
 What is it?

Prepositions of
Time: before,
after, between,
by, up to

46

Prepositions of time are words that denote a reference to time.

Common prepositions of time are before, after, between, by,
 By

Examples: By the time we had walked five miles, he was

exhausted.
I am sure that the syllabus will be covered by the end of the
school term.

Up to

Examples: Up to last week, I had not received a reply.

I chatted with my friend right up to midnight.

Prepositions Denoting Place and Direction

Prepositions can denote place, position and direction.

Prepositions of Place (in, on, at) 47

In

“In” is used to express the idea that something or someone is

within some physical or virtual boundary.
 Examples: There are many students in the assembly hall.

At

“At” is used to express the idea that there is a specific place

for someone or something to be present.

Examples: Her friends were waiting for her at the entrance of

school
48
John’s house is at the end of street.

Prepositions of Direction (to, into, onto)

To
‘To’ is used to express the idea that someone or something is

49
Onto

‘Onto’ is used to express the idea that someone or

something is moving towards the surface of
something else.
 What’s More

Activity 1. Fill in the blank with the correct

prepositions.

I met my husband 1.___2004. We met 2.____a park.

3.___Christchurch, a city 4.___ the Island of Philippines. I
was sitting 5.__ the park 6.___ a bench with some
friends. We met accidentally the next day when I was
going 7.__ a café. He walked 8.__ the street to say ‘hello’
and came 9.__ the café with me. We sat 10.__ at a table
and talked for some time.

Activity 2.

Create a literary piece incorporating the preposition of 50

time, place and direction in any topic you choose/ want.
You are graded using the rubrics below.
RUBRICS Excellent Very Good Satisfactor Needs
4 pts 3 pts y More
2 pts Work
1 pts
Title Title is creative, Title is Title is Story has a
catchy, and creative and interesting title that is
intriguing catchy. not related
to the plot.
Plot Story has multiple Story has Story has a Either the
problems and multiple problem and problem or
suitable solutions. problems and solution. There the solution
suitable are two events is missing.
solutions. in the story.
Setting The setting is fully The setting is The setting is The setting is
described using fully described described and mentioned.
imagery and and at least at least one -
descriptive three senses two senses are
language are developed. developed.
Characters Characters have Characters Characters Characters
names; are have names, have names have names
physically are physically and are and one
described, and described, and physically descriptive
personalities shine the reader has described. quality about
through; relating an idea about them.
to the characters is their
easy. personalities.
Conventions There are no There are There are few There are
errors. And proper minimal errors. errors and it numerous
use of preposition does not mistakes in
are seen. detract from grammar,
the meaning of spelling, that
the story. detract from
the reading
of the story.
Conclusion/ The conclusion is The conclusion The conclusion There is no
intriguing and is wraps up the leaves the discernable
Resolution/ leaves the reader story well, but reader conclusion.
Denouement satisfied leaves the unfulfilled.
reader with
questions.

51
 What I Have Learned

How useful is the preposition of time and preposition denoting

place and direction in writing your journals and diary? Answer
it in 2-3 sentences in a separate sheet of paper.

Sum it Up

 Prepositions of time are words that denote a

reference to time. Common prepositions of time are
before, after, between, by, and up to.

 Prepositions can denote place, position and direction.

Prepositions of Place (in, on, at)

 Prepositions of Direction (to, into, onto)

Answer Key

What’s New – answer may vary

What’s More

Activity 1. 1. In, 2. At, 3. In, 4. In, 5. In, 6. On,

7. To, 8. Across, 9. To, 10. down

Activity 2. Answer may vary

What I have learned – answer may vary

52
POST- ASSESSMENT

53