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    Quiz 3 Indigenous People in The Philippines

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    Ma Mae Naga
    Ethnoarchaeology uses ethnographic studies of indigenous peoples to help archaeologists understand archaeological findings. The document then describes the major ethnolinguistic and indigenous groups in the Philippines, including their traditional cultures, subsistence patterns, and material cultures. It covers groups such as the Negritos, Cordillera People, Mangyan, Palawan People, Visayan, Lumad, and Bangsamoro peoples.

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    Quiz 3 Indigenous People in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    Ma Mae Naga
    568 views6 pages
    Ethnoarchaeology uses ethnographic studies of indigenous peoples to help archaeologists understand archaeological findings. The document then describes the major ethnolinguistic and indigenous groups in the Philippines, including their traditional cultures, subsistence patterns, and material cultures. It covers groups such as the Negritos, Cordillera People, Mangyan, Palawan People, Visayan, Lumad, and Bangsamoro peoples.

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    Quiz 3 Indigenous People in the Philippines

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    Ethnoarchaeology uses ethnographic studies of indigenous peoples to help archaeologists understand archaeological findings. The document then describes the major ethnolinguistic and indigenous groups in the Philippines, including their traditional cultures, subsistence patterns, and material cultures. It covers groups such as the Negritos, Cordillera People, Mangyan, Palawan People, Visayan, Lumad, and Bangsamoro peoples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    568 views6 pages

    Quiz 3 Indigenous People in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    Ma Mae Naga
    Ethnoarchaeology uses ethnographic studies of indigenous peoples to help archaeologists understand archaeological findings. The document then describes the major ethnolinguistic and indigenous groups in the Philippines, including their traditional cultures, subsistence patterns, and material cultures. It covers groups such as the Negritos, Cordillera People, Mangyan, Palawan People, Visayan, Lumad, and Bangsamoro peoples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    Ethno Archaeology- a tool used by archaeologists for Ethnological study of people for

    archaeological results.

    Culture:
    * non-material
    * material

    Philippine Ethnic Landscape


    ● Archipelago of 7, 500 islands
    ● At least 106 ethnic groups
    ● More than 180 languages
    ● Diverse religious traditions

    MAJOR ETHNOLINGUISTIC GROUPS


    2000 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING
    ● TAGALOG 28.16%
    ● CEBUANO 23.18%
    ● ILOKANO 9.07%
    ● HILIGAYNON 7.57%
    ● BIKOL 6.01%
    ● WARAY 3.36%
    ● KAPAMPANGAN 3.03%
    ● PANGASINAN 1.78%

    = 82% of the Ph population

    ★ 8 Ethnolinguistic Groups in the Philippines


    - Shows the characteristics of western colonizers

    ★ The remaining 8% is composed of the Indigenous peoples in the ethnolinguistic


    groups in Ph.

    INDIGENOUS PEOPLE (Definitions)


    ANTHROPOLOGICAL
    ● THE ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF PARTICULAR TERRITORIES
    PHILIPPINE STATE
    ● OFTEN DESCENDANTS OF TRIBES PEOPLE WHO LIVED ON AS A CULTURALLY
    DISTINCT COLONIZED PEOPLE; MANY OF WHOM ASPIRE TO AUTONOMY
    (KOTTAK 2000.
    IPRA
    - A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO THROUGH RESISTANCE TO POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND
    CULTURAL IN ROADS OF COLONIZATION, NON-INDIGENOUS RELIGIONS AND
    CULTURES, BECOME HISTORICALLY DIFFERENTIATED FROM THE MAJORITY OF
    THE FILIPINOS (IPRA, CHAPTER 2 SECTION 3H).
    - Resisted the colonizers by:
    ● outrighting warfare to colonizers
    ● moral wars by bangsamoro
    ● Igorot raids in Northern Luzon
    ● Retreat to their lands

    The indigenous peoples groups:


    - NEGRITO
    - CORDILLERA PEOPLE
    - CAGAYAN VALLEY GROUPS
    - MANGYAN
    - PALAWAN GROUPS
    - VISAYAN GROUPS
    - LUMADNON
    - BANGSAMORO

    Negritos
    ● Negrito means "little black people" in Spanish.
    ● The Negritos are the aboriginal people of the Philippines.
    ● They are believed to have come to the Philippines from Mainland Asia approximately
    30, 000 years ago.

    Distribution of Negrito Population in the Philippines


    ● Ayta
    ● Ati
    ● Batak
    ● Agta
    ● Dumagat
    ● Mamanwa

    Characteristics of Negritos:
    ● Dark skin
    ● Wavy hair
    ● Small height

    Negrito Culture
    ● TRADITIONALLY ENGAGED IN HUNTING-GATHERING.
    ● THE AGTA OF NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE ARE STILL NOMADIC, WHILE THE
    REST ARE SEMI-NOMADIC OR SEMI-SEDENTARY.
    ● HAVE LOST THEIR ORIGINAL LANGUAGES AND NOW SPEAK
    LANGUAGES BORROWED FROM NEIGHBORING POPULATIONS.

    Cordillera People
    > Indigenous people of CAR in Northern Luzon.
    > They inhabit the Gran Cordillera Central - biggest mountain range in the country.

    Groups:
    ● Bontok
    ● Ibaloy
    ● Ifugao
    ● Isnag
    ● Itneg
    ● l'wak
    ● Kalanguya
    ● Kalinga

    Cordillera Culture
    CAR (CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION)
    ● CONSISTS OF VILLAGES CALLED "ILI"
    ● ELDERS SITTING AS A COUNCIL
    ● ACT AS LEADERS OF THE VILLAGE (OLDER MEN)
    ● TRADITIONALLY, ENDEMIC WARFARE IN AREA BECAUSE OF THE PRACTICE OF
    HEAD-TAKING.
    ● PEACE IN MAINTAINED THROUGH BILATERAL PEACE PACTS BETWEEN
    VILLAGERS.
    - Called as an autonomous village because they resolve their own conflicts.

    Land Use and Ownership in Kalinga


    ● Land Use and Ownership in Kalinga
    - Different system in land ownership

    ●  ICE TERRACES ARE FAMILY OWNED;


    R
    ● SWIDDEN FIELDS ARE OWNED THROUGH USUFRUCT;
    ● WOODLANDS ARE OWNED THROUGH KIN GROUP;
    ● FORESTS ARE COMMONLY OWNED;
    ● BURIAL GROUNDS ARE OWNED BY SPIRITS;
    ● FORESTS ARE COMMONALY
    ● OWNED;RESIDENTIAL ARAS ARE PRIVATELY OWNED.

    Cagayan Valley People


    ● Speak Ibanagic languages
    ● Dominantly Christian
    ● Relatively high degree of acculturation
    Groups:
    ● Bugkalot
    ● Gaddang
    ● Ibanag
    ● Ibatan
    ● Isinay
    ● Itawes
    ● Itbayaten
    ● Ivatan
    ● Kalinga
    ● Malaweg
    ● Yogad

    MANGYAN OF MINDORO ISLAND


    ● Indigenous people of Mindoro Island
    ● The word Mangyan means human being.
    ● They are composed of various ethnic groups with their own languages.

    Groups:
    ● Alangan
    ● Bangon
    ● Buhid
    ● Gubatnon
    ● Hanunoo Mangyan
    ● Iraya
    ● Ratagnon
    ● Tadyawan
    ● Tau Buid

    Traditional Subsistence
    - PRIMARILY SWIDDEN AGRICULTURISTS (A.K.A. SHIFTING AGRICULTURALISTS,
    SLASH-AND-BURN AGRICULTURALISTS)
    - SUPPLEMENTED BY HUNTING AND GATHERING.
    - SEMI-NOMADIC
    - STRONG ATTACHMENT TO THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.
    - GENERALLY HAVE SUSTAINABLE
    - SUBSISTENCE PRACTICES ( E.G. LONG FALLOW PERIOD AND PROPAGATION

    PALAWAN PEOPLE
    ● Primarily swidden agriculturists (a.k.a.
    ● shifting agriculturalists, slash-and-burn agriculturalists)
    ● Anchored in the protection of the environment and respect for biodiversity

    Groups:
    ● Agutaynen
    ● Cuyonon
    ● Kagayanen
    ● Ke-ney
    ● Palawan
    ● Tagbanwa
    ● Tao't Bato

    Palawan People Culture


    ● Pagdiwata Ritual (Shaman)
    - Has a gift of power to heal
    ● Drinking Rice Wine

    VISAYAN GROUP
    ● Traditionally live in interior upland areas of Visayas.
    ● Farming communities.
    ● Eskaya script.

    Groups:
    ● Aklanon
    ● Boholano
    ● Bukidnon/ Sulodnon
    ● Eskaya
    ● Magahat

    LUMADNON OF MINDANAO

    ● The term "lumad" is a Visayan word which means "native". Thus, it is an exonym to
    refer to the Indigenous peoples of Mindanao.
    ● Traditionally, they are non-Christians, non-Muslim groups of Mindanao.
    ● Traditionally, their villages were led by headmen or chieftains (datu)
    ● Nowadays there are a lot of Christians and Muslims in the group

    LUMAD GROUPS:
    ● Bagobo
    ● B'laan
    ● Bukidnon
    ● Higaonon
    ● Mandaya
    ● Manobo
    ● Mansaka
    ● Matigsalug
    ● Subanen
    ● Tagakaolo
    ● T'boli
    ● Teduray
    ● Ubo
    Lumad Material Culture
    ● Tinalak weaving “Dream Weavers”
    ● T’buli brassware

    BANGSAMORO
    ● Islamized group of Mindanao, Sulu and Southern Palawan.
    ● Established Sultanates prior to the coming of the Spaniards in the Philippines.

    GROUPS:
    ● Badjao
    ● tranum
    ● Jama Mapun
    ● Maguindanaon
    ● Meranao
    ● Molbog
    ● Sama
    ● Tausug
    ● Yakan

    Bangsamoro Material Culture


    ● Tausug Kalis
    ● Turugan (Traditional House)

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