Name:

Freder
ickChr
ist
ianBer
ing

Cour
se&Sect
ion:
BITWAFl
l
l-i
2

1.Di
scusst
hedi
ff
erentpl
atewel
dingposi
ti
on.

Fl
atPosi
ti
on(
1GOr1F)

-Thistypeofwel dingisper for

medf r
om theuppersi deoft hej oint.Thefaceoft heweldi
s
approximatelyhorizont al
.Fl
atwel di
ngisthepreferredterm;howev er,thesameposi t
ionis
somet i
mescal l
eddownhand. Tomakegoodbeadwel dsonapl at esur face,t
hef l
aremot i
on,t
ip
angle,andposi t
ionoft hewel dingflameabov ethemol tenpuddleshoul dbecar eful
ly
maintained.
Thewel dingt or
chshoul dbeadjustedtogi vethepropert ypeofflamef orthe
part
icularmet albeingwel ded.Nar r
owbeadwel dsaremadebyr aisingandl oweringtheweldi
ng
fl
arewi t
hasl i
ghtci rcularmotionwhi l
eprogressingforward.Thet i
pshoul dform anangleof
approximately45degr eeswi t
ht heplat
esurface.Thef l
amewi l
lbepoi ntedinthewel di
ng
di
recti
on.

Hor
izont
alPosi
ti
on(
2FOr2G)

-Inhorizontalwelding,theweldaxisisappr oximatelyhorizont
al,
butthewel dt y
pedi ctatesthe
compl et
edef ini
ti
on.Al i
gnt hepl
atesandt ackwel datbot hends.Thet orchshouldmov ewi tha
sl
ightoscill
ationupanddownt odistri
butet heheatequal lytobothsidesoft hejoint,t
her eby
holdi
ngt hemol tenmet al i
naplasti
cst ate.Thi spreventsexcessiv
ef l
owoft hemet altothe
l
owersi deoft hejointandper mit
sf astersolidifi
cati
onoft heweldmet al.Ajointinahor izontal
posit
ionwi l
lrequir
econsi der
abl
ymor epract i
cet hanthepr evi
oustechniques.Iti
s, howev er,
i
mpor tantthatthetechni quebemast er edbef orepassingont oothertypesofwel dposi tions.
Ver
ti
cal
Posi
ti
on(
3FOr3G)

-Invert
ical positi
onwel di
ng, t
heaxisofthewel disappr oximat el
yv ert
ical.Whenwel dingis
doneonav ert
icalsurface,themol t
enmet alt
endst orundownwar dandpi leup.Thef lowof
metalcanbecont r oll
edbypoi nti
ngtheflameupwar data45- degreeangl et otheplat eand
hol
dingt her odbet weent hef l
ameandt hemol tenpuddl e(seeabov e) .
Themani pulationofthe
tor
chandt hef i
ll
err odkeepst hemet al
from saggingorf all
ingandensur esgoodpenet r
ati
on
andfusionatt hej oint.
Botht hetor
chandt hewel dingrodshoul dbeosci ll
atedt odeposi ta
uni
form bead.Thewel dingrodshouldbehel dsl i
ghtlyabovet hecent erl
ineoft hejoint,andthe
weldi
ngf lameshoul dsweept hemoltenmetal acrosst hejointtodistri
but eitevenly.

Ov
erheadPosi
ti
on(
4FOr4G)

-Ov
erheadwel
dingi
sper
for
medf
rom t
heunder
sideofaj
oint
.

Inov erheadwel di
ng, t
hemet aldeposi tedtendst odroporsagont hepl ate,causingthebeadt o
haveahi ghcrown.Themol tenpuddl eshoul dbekeptsmal lt
oov er
comet hisdiffi
cult
y,and
enoughf i
ll
ermet alshouldbeaddedt oobt aingoodf usi
onwi t
hsomer einforcementatt hebead.
Ift
hepuddl ebecomest oolar ge,theflameshoul dberemov edforaninst anttoper mitt
hewel d
met altof r
eeze.Whenwel di
ngl ightsheet s,t
hepuddl esizecanbecont rolledbyappl yi
ngt he
heatequal lyt
ot hebasemet alandf i
l
lerr od.Thef l
ameshoul dbedirectedt omel tbothedgesof
thejoint.Suffi
cientfil
l
ermet alshouldbeaddedt omaintainanadequat epuddl ewi t
henough
rei
nfor cement.Thewel dingflameshoul dsupportthemol t
enmet al
,andsmal l
wel di
ngav oids
burningdonef rom onedi st
ributeitalongt hejoint.Onl
yasmal lpuddleisr equired,soarod
shoul dbeused.Car eshouldbet akent ocont r
ol t
heheatthroughthepl ates.Thisisparti
cular
ly
i
mpor tantwhenwel dingi ssideonl y.
2.Di
scusst
hePi
peWel
dingPosi
ti
on.

Posi
ti
onsForPi
peWel
ding

-Pipewel
dsaremadeundermanydi f
fer
entrequi
rementsandindif
fer
entwel
dingsit
uati
ons.
Thejobdict
atesthewel
dingposi
ti
on.I
ngeneral
,theposi
ti
onisfi
xed,buti
tcanberol
ledforf
lat
-
posit
ionworkinsomecases.Posi
ti
onsandproceduresf
orweldi
ngpipeareoutl
i
nedbelow.
Hor
izont
alPi
peRol
l
edWel
d

Ali
gnt hejointandt ackwel dorholdinposit
ionwithsteelbri
dgeclampswi t
hthepipemount ed
onsui t
ableroll
ers.St artweldi
ngatpointC( f
igur
ebelow) ,
progressi
ngupwardt opointB.When
pointBi sreached,rot at
et hepi
peclockwiseunti
lthestoppingpointoft
hewel disatpointCand
againwel dupwar dtopoi ntB.Whent hepipeisbeingrotated,
thetorchshoul
dbehel dbetween
pointsBandC, andt hepi perot
atedpastit.

Theposi t
ionofthetorchatpointAi ssi mil
artothatforav ert
icalweld.Aspoi ntBisappr oached,
theweldassumesanear l
yflatposition,andtheangl esofappl i
cati
onoft hetorchandr odar e
alt
eredslight
lyt
ocompensat ef orthischange.Thewel dshouldbest oppedj ustbeforetheroot
ofthestarti
ngpointsothatasmal l openingremai ns.Thestarti
ngpoi nti
sthenr eheatedsot hat
thejuncti
onpointareaisatauni f
ormt emperature.Thiswill
ensur eacompl etefusionoft he
advancingweldwiththestarti
ngpoi nt.I
fthesidewal loft
hepipei smor ethan1/ 4in.(
0.64cm)
i
nt hi
ckness,amul t
i-
passwel dshoul dbemade.

Hor
izont
alPi
peFi
xedPosi
ti
onWel
d

Aftert
ackweldi
ng,t
hepipei
ssetupsothatt
hetackwel
dsareori
ent
edappr
oxi
matel
y,as
shownbelow.Aft
erweldi
nghasbeenst
art
ed,t
hepipemustnotbemovedi
nanydi
rect
ion.

Ver
ti
cal
PipeFi
xedPosi
ti
onWel
d

-Pi
pei
nthi
sposi
ti
on,
wher
eint
hej
ointi
shor
izont
al,
ismostf
requent
lywel
dedbyt
he
backhandmet
hod.Thewel
disst
art
edatt
het
ackandcar
ri
edcont
inuousl
yar
oundt
hepi
pe.