ily Designation: G1 - 03 (Reapproved 2017)"* Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluai Specimens‘ ing Corrosion Test ‘This standards sued under he ed designation Gl; tbe nue aude folowing the dcsignaton nds the year of cin! doin or inthe eae of ein the yer ofa vsken. A naber ie pareneses nats he year fat earl A super tpston e) ndcaes an efor change sie the last evison ur eaproval #1 NOTE—Fiitorilly updated references in Section ? im December 2017 1. Scope 1.1 This practice covers suggested procedures for preparing bare, solid metal specimens for tests, for removing corrosion products aftr the test has been completed, and for evaluating the corrosion damage that has occured, Emphasis is placed on procedures related 10 the evaluation of corrosion by mass loss and pitting measurements. (Warning—In many. cases the corrosion product on the reactive metals titanium and zirco- nium is a hard and tightly bonded oxide that defies removal by chemical or onfinary mechanical means. In many such cases, corrosion rates are established by mass gain rather than mass Joss.) 1.2 The values stated in SI units are t be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilty of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, heath, and environmental practices and deter ‘nine the applicability of regulatory linitations prior to use. For specific waming statements, see 1.1 and 7.2. 1.4 This international standand was developed in accor dlance with internationally recognized principles on standard ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standanis, Guides and Recon mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers 10 Trade (TBI) Commitee 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standands:* "This pci is unde the jurdcon of ASTM Commitee GO on Corsi ‘of Mets and is the dr espns of Subcommiie GDI. O5 on Labs Conosien Tess Current eon approved Nox: 1, 2017 Published Dever 2017. Originally approved in 1967 List pesca edition apprnedin 2011 as GI ~€3 (201). DOT 1O11S30G0001-09RI7EOH For relerenced ASTM snd, vs the ASTM web, www asin ore. ce ewes ASTM Customer Service st series. For fanaa Bool of STM Stondaisvlur infrmatio, refer tothe anda Docem Sut page om Ine ASTM wetute ‘A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility 10 Intergranular ‘Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels 1193 Specification for Reagent Water 11384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware 12776 Methods of Test for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Electrical Methods) (With- drawn 1991)" G16 Guide for Applying Statis Data G31 Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals 3 Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corro- sion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens 146 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Cor- rosion G50 Practice for Conducting Atmospheric Corrosion Tests on Metals, G78 Guide for Crevice Corrosion Testing of lron-Base and Nickel-Base Stainless Alloys in Seawater and Other Chloride-Containing Aqueous Environments 6193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion to Analysis of Corrosion Terminology 3.1 See Terminology G193 for terms used in this practice. 4. Significance and Use 4.1 The procedures given are designed to remove corrosion products without significant removal of base metal. This allows ‘an accurate determination ofthe mass loss of the metal or alloy that occurred during exposure 10 the corrosive environment. 4.2 These procedures, in some cases, may apply to metal coatings. However, possible effects from the substrate must be considered, 5. Reagents and Materials 5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that The last approved senion of this hisoral snd i referenced on ew ator, any AST eaten 10 Bar Ho De, PO Box C706, es Contac A 842255, re Sesly G1 - 03 (2017)"" all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such specifications are available.* Other grades may be used, provided itis first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity 10 permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination. 5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to Water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by Type IV of Specification D1193, 6. Methods for Preparing Specimens for Test 6.1 For laboratory corrosion tests that simulate exposure to service environments, a commercial surface, closely resem bling the one that would be used in service, will yield the most meaningful results 6.2 Itis desirable to mark specimens used in corrosion tests with a unigue designation during preparation, Several tech- niques may be used depending on the type of specimen and lest. 6.2.1 Stencil or Stamp—Most metallic specimens may be marked by stenciling, that is, imprinting the designation code into the metal surface using hardened steel stencil stamps it with a hammer. The resulting imprint will be visible even after substantial corrosion has occurred. However, this procedure introduces localized strained regions and the possibility of superficial iron contamination in the marked area. 6.2.2 Blectric engraving by means of a vibratory marking tool may be used when the extent of corrasion damage is known to be small. However, this approach to marking is much more susceptible to having the marks lost as a result of corrosion damage during testing. 6.2.3 Fage notching is especially applicable when extensive corrosion and accumulation of corrosion products is antici pated. Long term atmospheric tests and sea water immersion tests on steel alloys are examples where this approach is applicable. I is necessary to develop a code system when using edge notches. 6.24 Drilled holes may also be used to identify specimens ‘when extensive metal loss, accumulation of corrosion products, oor heavy scaling is anticipated. Drilled holes may be simpler and less costly than edge notching. A code system must be developed when using drilled holes. Punched holes should not, bbe used as they introduce residual strain. 6.2.5 When it is undesirable to deform the surface of specimens after preparation procedures, for example, when testing coated surfaces, tags may be used for specimen identi fication. A metal or plastic wire can be used 10 attach the tag 10 the specimen and the specimen identification can be stamped fon the tag. It is important to ensure that nether the tag nor the ‘wire will corrode or degrade in the test environment. It is also important to be sure that there are no galvanic interactions between the tag, wire, and specimen, “Reagent Chemicals American Chonicol Society Specteains, American ‘Chemis! Sait. Watington, DC. For Sospestins on te esting of resents nt listed by the American Chemical Society, See ual Sundar for Labornry (Chemicals BDH Lid, Pose. Dore, UK. andthe Che Sees Pharmscopeta ‘ind Namal Formulary US. Phatacopeal Convent, ts (USPC), Reckile, ND. 6.3 For more searching tests of either the metal or the environment, standard surface finishes may be preferred. A suitable procedure might be: 6.3.1 Degroase in an organic solvent or hot alkaline cleaner, (See also Practice G31.) [Nove Hot alates and chlrinted solvents may attack some metas, Nome 2—Ulrasonic cleaning may be beneficial in both pretest and posttest cleaning procedures, 63.2 Pickle in an appropriate solution if oxides or tarnish are present. In some cases the chemical cleaners described in Section 6 will sulfice ‘Nowe 3-Piekling may cause localized corresion on some materials 6.3.3 Abrade witha slurry of an appropriate abrasive or with ‘an abrasive paper (sec Practices A262 and Test Method 1D1384) The edges as well as the faces of the specimens should bbe abraded to remove burrs. 6.3.4 Rinse thoroughly, hot air dry, and store in desiccator. 6.4 When specimen preparation changes the metallurgical condition of the metal, other methods should be chosen or the ‘metallurgical condition must be corrected by subsequent treat- ‘ment. For example, shearing a specimen to size will cold work ‘and may possibly fracture the edges. Edges should be ma- chined 6.5 The clean, dry specimens should be measured and ‘weighed. Dimensions determined to the third significant figure and mass determined to the fifth significant figure are sug- gested. When more significant figures are available on the ‘measuring instruments, they should be recorded, 7. Methods for Cleaning After Testing 7.1 Corrosion product removal procedures can be divided into three general categories: mechanical, chemical, and elec- twolytic. 7.1.1 An ideal procedure should remove only corrosion products and not result in removal of any base metal, To determine the mass loss of the base metal when removing. corrosion products, replicate uncorroded control specimens should be cleaned by the same procedure being used on the test specimen. By weighing the control specimen before and after cleaning, the extent of metal loss resulting from cleaning can be utilized to correct the corrosion mass loss. [Non 4—It is desirable o scrape samples of corosion procs before using any chemical techniques to remove them. These serapings can then he subjected to various forms of analyses, including perhaps. X-ray Airaction to determine erytal forms as well as chemical analyses to lok for specific coerodants, such a chlorides. AM ofthe chemical techniques that are discussed in Section 7 tend to destroy the comosion products nd thereby lose the information contained in these corrosion products. Care may be required 0 that uncomraded mil is not removed with the corosion prods 7.1.2 ‘The procedure given in 7.1.1 may not be reliable when heavily corroded specimens are to be cleaned. The application of replicate cleaning procedures to specimens with corroded surfaces will often, even in the absence of corrosion products, result in continuing mass losses. This is because a corroded surface, particularly of a multiphase alloy, is often more susceptible than a freshly machined or polished surface 10Aly G1 - 03 (2017)"" corrosion by the cleaning procedure. In such cases, the following method of determining the mass loss due t0 the cleaning procedure is preferred, 7.1.2.1 The cleaning procedure should be repeated on speci meng several times, The mass loss should be determined after ‘cach cleaning by weighing the specimen, 7.1.22 The mass loss should be graphed as a function of the ‘number of equal cleaning cycles as shown in Fig. 1, Two lines will be obtained: AB and BC. The latter will correspond to ‘corrosion of the metal after removal of corrosion products. The will correspond approximately to 7.1.2.3 To minimize uncertainty associated with corrosion of the metal by the cleaning method, a method should be cchosen to provide the lowest slope (near to horizontal) of line BC. 7.1.3 Repeated treatment may be required for complete removal of corrosion products. Removal can often be con- firmed by examination with a low power microscope (for example, 7x to 30x). This is particularly useful with pitted surfaces when corrosion products may accumulate in pis, This repeated treatment may also be necessary because of the requirements of 7.1.2.1. Following the final treatment, the specimens should be thoroughly rinsed and immediately dried, 7.14 All cleaning solutions shall be prepared with water and reagent grade chemicals, 7.2 Chemical procedures involve immersion of the corro- sion test specimen in a specific solution that is designed t0 ‘remove the corrosion products with minimal dissolution of any base metal. Several procedures are listed in Table Al.1, The cchoice of chemical procedure to be used is partly a matter of {rial and error 10 establish the most effective method for a specific metal and type of corrosion product scale. (Warning—These methods may be hazardous to personnel). 7.2.1 Chemical cleaning is often preceded by light brushing (non metallic bristle) or ultrasonic cleaning of the test speci- ‘men {0 remove loose, bulky corrosion products. Mass Loss . Number of Cleaning Cycles FIG. 1 Mass Loss of Corroded Specimens Resulting trom Repet- ‘ive Cleaning Cycles 7.2.2. Intermittent removal of specimens from the cleaning solution for light brushing or ultrasonic cleaning can often facilitate the removal of tightly adherent corrosion products 7.2.3. Chemical cleaning is often followed by light brushing ‘or ultrasonic cleaning in reagent water to remove loose products. 7.3 Electrolytic cleaning can also be utilized for removal of corrosion products. Several useful methods for corrosion test specimens of iron, cast iron, or steel are given in Table A2.1 7.3.1 Electrolytic cleaning should he preceded by brushing fo ultrasonic cleaning of the test specimen to remove loose, bulky corrosion products. Brushing or ultrasonic cleaning should also follow the electrolytic cleaning to remove any loose slime or deposits. This will help to minimize any redeposition of metal from reducible corrosion products that ‘would reduce the apparent mass loss. 7.4. Mechanical procedures can include seraping, scrubbing, brushing. ultrasonic cleaning, mechanical shocking, and im- pact blasting (for example, grit blasting, water jt blasting, and so forth). These methods are often utilized to remove heavily encrusted corrosion products. Scrubbing with a nonmetallic bristle brush and a mild abrasive-distilled water slurry can also be used to remove corrosion products. 7.4.1 Vigorous mechanical cleaning may result in the re- moval of some base metal; therefore, care should be exercised, ‘These should be used only when other methods fail to provide adequate removal of corrosion products. As with other methods, correction for metal loss due to the cleaning method is recommended. The mechanical forces used in cleaning should be held as nearly constant as possible, 8, Assessment of Corrosion Damage 8.1 The initial total surface area of the specimen (making corrections for the areas associated with mounting holes) and the mass lost during the test are determined, The average corrosion rate may then be obtained as follows: Corrosion Rate = (K W)A XT XD) o a constant (see 8.1.2), time of exposure in hours, mass loss in grams, and density in glem’ (see Appendix X1). 8.1.1 Corrosion rates are not necessarily constant with time of exposure. See Practice G31 for further guidance. 8.1.2 Many different units are used (© express corrosion rates. Using the units in 7.1 for 7, A, W, and D, the corrosion rate can be calculated in a variety of units with the following appropriate value of K: Coos Rate Unte Dosis comet ae Oar) ate Easton sper year (py) Sa5x 10 ‘notes per yea (oy) 345% 108 ‘ehes per ton (pm) aor ‘ibmtes pr yea (ry) Oren 10! ‘meromotes per yet (or) 27610" Donmtres per second pe) 2a ‘ame per sare meter per Pour (gt) 10% 10% Iles po savre decmetor pe ey (ri 2a0xly at - 03 (2017)"" ricegans pe square moter par second npin?s) 2 78x 10x Nore Sif desired, these constants may also he used to convert corrosion ses fom one set of units to another. To convert a corrosion rte imunite X toa rte in unite Y, muliply by KK’ for example: 5 (2.78 1345 X10") pms (2) 8.1.3 In the case of sacrificial alloy coatings for which there is preferential corrosion of a component whose density differs from that ofthe alloy, it is preferable to use the density of the ‘corroded component (instead of the initial alloy density) for calculating average thickness loss rate by use of Eq 1. This is done as follows: (J) cleaning to remove corrosion praxucts ‘only and determine the mass loss of the corroded component; (2) stripping the remaining coating to determine the mass ofthe uncorroded component; (3) chemical analysis of the stripping solution to determine’ the composition of the uncorroded component; (4) performing a mass balance to caleulate the ‘composition of the corroded component; (5) using the mass ‘and density of the corroded component to calculate the average thickness loss rate by use of Eq 1. An example of this procedure is given in Appendix X2 ‘The procedure described above gives an average penetration rate of the coating, but the maximum penetration for a multiphase alloy may be larger when the corroded phase is not uniformly distributed across the surface, In such cases, i i generally considered good practice to obtain a cross section through the corroded surface for microscopic examination ‘This examination will reveal the extent of selective corrosion of particular phases in the coating, and help in understanding the mechanism of attack 8.2 Comosion rates calculated from mass losses can be misleading when deterioration is highly localized, as in pitting or crevice corrosion. If corrosion is in the form of pitting, it may be measured with a depth gage or micrometer calipers with pointed anvils (see Guide G46). Microscopical methods will determine pit depth by focusing from top to bottom of the pit when itis viewed from above (using a calibrated focusing knob) or by examining a section that has been mounted and rmetallographically polished. The pitting factor is the ratio of the deepest metal penetration to the average metal penetration (as measured by mass los) 15 Nort 6~See Guide G46 for guidance in evaluating depths of ping Nore 7—See Guide G78 for guidance in evaluating eevice corrosion 8.3 Other methods of assessing corrosion damage are: 8.3.1 Appearance—The degradation of appearance by rusting, tarnishing, or oxidation. (See Practice G33.) 8.3.2 Mechanical Properties—An apparent loss in tensile strength will result if the cross-sectional area of the specimen (measured before exposure to the corrosive environment) is reduced by corrosion, (See Practice G50.) Loss in tensile strength will result if a compositional change, such as dealloy. ing taking place. Loss in tensile strength and elongation will result from localized attack, such as eracking or intergranular conosion, 8.33 Elecirical Properties—Loss in electrical conductivity can be measured when metal loss results from uniform corrosion. (See Test Methods D2776.) 8.34 Microscopical Examination—Dealloying, exfoliation, cracking, or intergranular attack may be detected by metallo graphic examination of suitably prepared sections. 9. Report 9.1 The report should include the compositions and sizes of specimens, their metallurgical conditions, surface preparations, and cleaning methods as well as measures of corrosion damage, such as corrosion rates (calculated from mass losses), ‘maximum depths of pitting, or losses in mechanical properties. 10. Precision and 10.1 The factors that can produce errors in mass loss ‘measurement include improper balance calibration and stan- ardization. Generally, modern analytical balances ean deter- ‘mine mass values to 0.2 mg with ease and balances are available that can obtain mass values to +0.02 mg. In general, mass measurements are not the limiting factor. However, inadequate corrosion product removal or overcleaning will affect precision. ins 10.2 The determination of specimen area is usually the least, precise step in corrosion rate determinations. The precision of calipers and other length measuring devices can vary widely. However, it generally is not necessary to achieve better than £1 % for area measurements for corrosion rate purposes. 10.3 The exposure time can usually be controlled to better than #1 % in most laboratory procedures. However, in field exposures, corrosive conditions can vary significantly and the estimation of how long corrosive conditions existed can present significant opportunities for error. Furthermore, corro: sion processes are not necessarily linear with time, so that rate values may not be predictive of the future deterioration, but only are indications of the past exposure. 10.4 Regression analysis on results, as are shown in Fig. 1, can be used (0 obtain specific information on precision. Se Guide G16 for more information on statistical analysis. 10.5 Bias can result from inadequate corrosion product, remoyal or metal removal caused by overcleaning, The use of repetitive cleaning steps, as shown in Fig. 1, can minimize both of these errors 10.5.1 Corrosion penetration estimations based on mass loss ccan seriously underestimate the corrosion penetration caused by localized processes, such as pitting, cracking, crevice corrosion, and so forth. 11, Keywords 11.1 cleaning; corrosion product removal; evaluation; mass loss: metals; preparation: specimensdf Gt - 03 (2017) ANNEXES (Mandatory Information) AI. CHEMICAL CLEANING PROCEDURES TABLE A1.1 Chemical Cleaning Procedures for Removal of Corrosion Products Desgnaton Wat Soar Tine Tenperatre Paar Gxt ——Aurinum and Au- 80 WL phosphove aod 0,56 9168) Sto 10min GC to Boling Woonosion prods firs remain, tose en rmeumAleys 20,9 ever oie (10s) fotow wane aoa procedste (C2), Faget water o rake 1000. 12 Niie 2c (HNO, ep 142) HteSmin 20% 25°C —_Remave extraneous depots and bulky ‘coocion product eaves Yosctne that tray ree in oxcessve rove base mat 62:1 Copper ard Copper $00 mL hyhochonc acid (HCI sp gr 1.19) 110Smin 20%9.25° _Deneraton of skuton with punted tegen ‘aye Reagent water to make 1000 mL wl ininize base ma ema a2 449.9 secum cyarae(NaCN) 1to3min 201025 —_Remcves coper sue coreson products oagent water make 1000 mL Tat may nt be removed by hyocnore 8 oon’ (6.2), 2a 100 mL suc acd H,.S0,.sp gr 184) 1 toImin 2010256 Remove ly eotrosio products betore Reagent water to make 1000 mL ‘restment to minimis copper redepoion ‘on specmen sure. cos 120 mL sur acid (H,S0,.spgr 184) 510108 201025 __—Remaves reaeposted copper resting tor 30 gsoduen dichromate (Nas60, 2,0) sulle acid Weatmert. Feapont waar 1 maxo 1000 mL cas SH mL eure acid (H,S0, sp 9° 184) 301060 min 401050" Dena soliton wih ntogen, Brushing of Reopen aero make 1050 mt ‘eat speamene to remove corosion ‘roduats lalowed by remmorsion for 910 631 tonand See! $0¢0 mt nyrostone act HCL spo .18) 11025 min 20%0.25° Soon shouldbe vigrouly sted or 20 ganimony onde (58,03) ‘specimen sod be Used, Longer tres 50 9 somos chonde (Sra) ‘may be requred n ceri stances. ca2 509 sodium nycronae (NGO) 201040 min S010 Calon shuld be oxered ht use of 200 9 graruate zn o ie chips ‘any ane duet ence spontaneous iiton Faget water o rave 1000 ru hon exposure to ar ean eur cas 200 9 sod ryezonce (NaOH) 3010 40 mn 80% 90°C ation shuld be exe to Use of 20 a yarcsted seo ie chips ‘any anc dus since spomtarcaus riten Feagee ate lo make 1000 mc Upon exposure to alr ean cur cas 200'9 dammoniom ete 20min 7519.90" Depending upon the caposton of he (ADHCeO) corosion product attach of bse metal ‘Reagent wart make 1000 mL may ooaue cas S00? hytochioe aid Hsp 119} 10min 208025 Longer eres may be required in certin 35 ghexaretyene everine ineanese FReagont nar to make 1000 mL cas Moten eaatic sods (NOH) wth stoz0mn 9706 For deals oer o Tactical ifrmaton 15-205: cosum hyede Nat) Bulan 8928-970, DuPont Sodus yaa Ceszarg Poems Ope C41 Lend and Leas Aloys 10 mL ace acd (CH,COOH) Sein oting Reagent war make 1000 mL cae 50 g ammonium acetate (CH,COONK,) 10 min sota70e Reagent nator fo moke 1090 me cas 250\g armenian deta (CHjCOONK,) Sin eo.070e Reagent water 0 make 1090 mL 51 Magnesium ana Mag- 150.9 chemium toe (C10) tmin aig ‘The sher eis present to prcpiate ‘esumAloys Og eter ewomate (A.C) ‘horas Reagent wate to make 1000 mL cs2 200g chromium tone (C10) 1 mi 201025' ‘Te balun at's poser to precpiate SO ehvor ata gO) ‘uate 20 3 barum nate (Bt10.),) Fagen aero make 1000 mL C61 Nekeland Nice! 150 mL hytoclove aed (HCL spg' 1.19) 1103min —-2OwasC ‘ays Reagent mateo moxe 1000 mi cs2 SCO mL ure sod 50x 96 F104) 110.9min 2010256 Ragen toro make 1000 mu C71 Sainess Stee SOD Lnine acid (HNO, ep gr 142) «20min OC Reagent wor maue 4000 mL 72 150 9 samen etale wowsome 70C a oneH.O) Reagent wart make 1000 mLAly G1 - 03 (2017)"* TABLE AI.t_Contiued ‘eso Water Sonaion Tine Tempera Fara ora bog atic wed (EMO) min eee 0 mL suluie acd (80. sp gr 1.84) 2 elmo (ometay Howes & farang ethylodde of betanapo! ‘aunotne) eager water to make 1000 mL ora 200 gsazum hyaronise (NGO) Sm Boling {30 gpetacsum permanganate (KH4n0,) eagert water make 1000 mL felbwed by 100 9 darmeniam ciate (OAC HO) ‘Reaper mateo make 1000 mL ors 00 mL rive ck (NO, sp gr 142) St 20ma 2010250 2D ml hyretuote cis (= ge "1308-48°%). eager water mako 1000 mt crs 200 9 soaum hycroxide (NAO) 2ome ———Botleg Caution should be exerceed in he vse of 50. ne pons ‘any ne ust see spontaneous ignition eager war 6 make 1000 mk “hon exposure to a ean cour C81 Tard TinAloys 150g tceaum phosphate toma Boiteg (WesPO, 124.0) eager wero ake 1000 mi caz SO mL hyctociorc eed (HO. ep gr 1.18) 10min. are Faget stro rake 1000 mt 91 cana Zne Atoys 150m emmanium nysoe0e (NHOM, Sm pwc 9080) eager wero mske 1000 mL Totoned by ‘50g ehromiom tonde (C10) 1510208 Boling ‘The ever rate shoulé be esoved in water 109 ster vate AgNO.) ‘snd added tthe boing eho ac 0 Reaper water te make 1000 mi proven! excessive eyetlanion svat roma The come sed mus be full fe fo avast aac of th ane Bass roa coz 100 g armenia cide (NHC) 2esmn 706 eager waar te make 1000 mL cos 200 9 conn trode (C10) 1 min wre Chico contamination a the chromic se Reagent water a make 1000. ‘rom eoosion routs formed neat srvrnments snout be avoided to prevent tack of rene base meta cos (235 mk hyeoe act (Hsp oF 15) 158 20125'C Some zinc base metal ay Do removed. A Reagent ater to mako 1000 m. ‘cart! specimen (9.1.1) shoul be enpoyed cas 100 g ammerium persulfate (NHY.S.0,) 5 min 201025 Partly commended for gavarized Fagen water to make 1000 mi tee. cos 100 ganmonium aceaie (CHjCOONK,) 215mm 70°C eager water 10 make 1000 i A2. ELECTROLYTIC CLEANING PROCEDURES TABLE A2.1 Electrolytic Cleaning Procedures for Removal of Corrosion Products Degen vara ‘elabon “Ta Tempoaie Renate Et Won Gaston, Sel 78 @ sedlum hytoxdes (NaOH 201020 min 2010.25 Cathe reatman wih 100 9200 AP cur 25 9 sadum sat (a,50,) Tent dans. Use carn, platinum or stress 78 g eadum cartons (Na,60.) ‘ee ane, Fagen waar make 1000 mL 12 28 mL eulure 6 H,80, 6p 9181) Sin 75 Cathe restmant wih 2000 An? outent dan 05 imbier (doh thowrea or ty Use earn, plainom oes sre, ‘unolre eye o etal ‘unoine) esget water o make 1000 mi e1a G0 ¢ dammanien state Simin _201025'C Cathet treatment wih 100 A? excrnt der (RMOMC HC) Reagent water 6 ake 1000 mi 1. Uso carton ee pstnum anesAly G1 - 03 (2017)"" TABLE AZ1_ Continued Seon Tine Teper Renae ‘PBL adie ocid 80,59 9° 188) Sih TC ——_Gatiodle ream wth 2000 An curr! dor 05 inher (donot thowea oF ‘Sy. Use caren, platram or esd anode. ‘uraine styles or betanaphtol ‘unaine Fagor water Yo make 1000 mi. £31 Copper ard Copper 7.59 potasum enonde CI 103 201025°C Cathe testment with 100 An? curentden- ‘Aoys eager wate to mate 1000 mL ‘sy Uso carbon or platinum anode. E41 Znoand Cecnium SO g ubase sodium phosphate (Na,HPO,) Smin 70"G_—_—Gathade treatment wih N10 Am caren de Faget water fo mate 1000 mL ‘shy Specimen must be energized prt in Imersion Use carbon, patnum or sans ea 100g sium nyo (N20) 02min 201025 Cathode restment wth 100 Ain curent de Feagert water toma 1000 ml ‘ty. Secon must be energized prt im- Imarson. Use carbon, plana o tise Seal snode E51 Ganaral (excusing A> 20g sodum hyhoide (NAOH) 51010 mn 2010256 Camo Weatant with 200 Amn curent den- Tinum Magnes” Reagent watero make 1000 ML ‘Sy. A'SS1600 stale inl anode may bo ea Tn Alay. et APPENDIXES (Nonmandatory Information) X1. DENSITIES FOR A VARIETY OF METALS AND ALLOYS TABLE X1.1 Densities fora Variety of Metals and Alloys Non: IAI UNS numbers that include shelter X indicate a series of rumbers under one category. NE Number ‘oy Benety gem" AaTI00| 00 Bri Asn 198 27 ‘ees 2a 27 92219 zie 2 ‘cco 3009 27 ‘acoos B00 2n ‘sans 00s 27 ‘95050 5080 259 ‘sos sos 268 ‘ss083 sks Bes ‘cose 086 268 aise Bree 268 05357 257 260 nessa 546 260 A056 Sse 266 96061 ost 270 : 062 270 ‘scor0 5070 an ‘6108 610 270 so7075 707% 2a ‘97070 078 218 aarir8 ne 289 Stanese Stes ‘szar00 "ype 201 798 20200 Type 202 ta soozno Type 202 798 e100 Type 364 794 Scots Type soa 794 Seno Type 208 138 soe Type 310 138 ‘ss1i00 Type att 798 ‘s31e00 Type 318 798 oven Type 316 798 ‘sa1700 Tipe 317 798 saat00 Type 921 79 'sa2000 ‘ype 220 798 nesz20 Type 890, 798 30700 Type 207 803fly at - 03 (2017) TABLEX1.1 Continued “Rurinon AyS TUNE Name ‘oy Deny ger ‘S4i000 ype a0 770 43000 pe «30 ie seteo0 Type a5 766 sss0200 Type soe re Other Ferous Metals F000 Gray eat kon 720 (530000400008 Carton stee 798 : Steen Yen 700 W000 ow aoy ses 785 ‘Copper Alloys 20600 copper ‘Cza000 Re orass 200 ee000 Cage brass 260 cee000 ante meta 209 . emily 442 (cees00 Demat 8a aston Aematy 208 caas00 emai 445 B52 ‘ear00 ‘mina base 67 333 ‘cez000 Commercial once 20 880 ‘ceoe00 ‘Aluminum benzo, § 9 608 216 ‘Auminam bronze, 8% 612 778 : 24s ‘ a7 ‘cs1000 ame (s2400 arr . 880 ‘cess00 ase ‘7600 Copper mx 706 204 71000 (Copper xa 710 294 crs00 Copper nex 715, 804 wcrs200 Novel aver 752 875 ead Lssa0s-s3405 Antoni 080 Lsxo Chem i433, Nese oy oas00 ket 200 209 Now4o0 Nickel copper 400 eet Neceeo Neel evemium ron alo 600 851 Nose2s Novel evemium moleenam atoy 625, Bae Noeezs Irn nikal vom aloy 825 ait ‘Nosoz0 Irn ike Gomium alloy 20 Co's 808 : ron kel evomium east loy 20 8.0 Noes Nickel metyosenum alloy 82 ‘82 Moore Nickel veniam moledenm aly 8s care Nosaes Nike cerium molnum alloy 6-3 83 ‘oer metal 000% Magnesium 174 ose00 Moyoderum soz Posseo Pistinam 214s, Poros Sher 040 oso00 Tentalon $600 Craane Th 720 fsn2s0 Tiann 454 Zr3001 ne 73 Foot econ 659fly G1 - 03 (2017)"" 1X2. CALCULATION OF AVERAGE THICKNESS LOSS RATE OF AN ALLOY WHEN THE DENSITY OF THE CORRODING METAL DIFFERS FROM THAT OF THE BULK ALLOY X21 Example X2.1.1 55% AlZn alloy coating on steel sheet exposed for 20.95 years at Point Reyes, CA, (As reported in H.E. Townsend and H.H. Lawson, “Twenty-One Year Results for Metallic- Coated Sheet in the ASTM 1976 Atmospheric Conrosion Tess") X2.2 Measurements ‘X2.2.1 Initial aluminum content of coating, C,, as measured by stripping (Table AJ.1, C.3) and chemical analysis of uncorroded specimens. 5.0% Al 0a) X2.2.2 Time of Exposure, T T= 20395 years = 183 648 hours (92.2) X2.23 Specimen Area, A A= 30cm! (2.3) X2.24 Initial Mass, W, W, = 79.3886 ¢ easy X2.2.5 Mass alter exposure and removal of corrosion prod- ucts according to Table AI.1, C.9.3, W W, = 78.7660 2 02.5) 2.2.6 Mass after removal of remaining coating according to Table Al.1, C35, Wy W,= 7508108 (2.6) STP 1421, Outdoor Atmosphere Corson Town Insratioa, West Cnnhabcten PA, 2002, pp. 284-201 HE, Ed, ASTM X2.2.7 Aluminum content of remaining uncorroded costing by chemical analysis of the stripping solution, C, = 577% al oan X2.3 Calculations 2.3.1 Mass loss of corroded coating, W W= W,~W, = 79.3586~ 78 7660= 05926— (X2.8) X2.3.2 Mass of remaining uncorroded coating, W, W,= Ws~ W, = 78.7660 ~ 75.0810 = 3.6850 (X2.9) X2.33 Total mass of original coating, W, W,=W4W,=05926+36850~ 427768 (X2.10) X23.4 Composition of corroded coating, C owe, a.) Rearranging gives c= (GW, ew yw 002.12) C= (850%4.2796— 57.7% 346850)105926 (2.13) C= 3825 a1 0x2.14) X235 The density, D, of a 38.2 % ALZn alloy is 4.32 ‘ylem’*. In cases where alloy densities are not known, they can bbe estimated by linear interpolation of the component densities. X2.3.6 Calculate the average thickness loss rate, L (corto: sion rate per Eq 1) L=(KXWyA xT xD) 02.15) where K is given in 8.1.2 as 8.76 x 10” L_ = (8.76 x 107 x 0,5926)(300 x 183 648 x 4.32) L_ = 0.218 micrometres per year ASTI Intemational aks no postion respecting the val of ay pater ights assed in connacon with any tom mentoned ‘nme standara Users of ns snc aro expressly acvseo fa determination ete ako fay euon patent gh ad eh of ningerent cf such tes, ate ently te own esponsby, "Th standart! rovsion at ay te by ho responsible tcc commie and must be reviewed every live years and \teotrevse, ether reporovedorwiarann. Your cements are iited ether for eusion ots tandrd or for alton! tandaras land shout be adaressed 19 ASTM iterator Headquarters Yau comments wil ree cash conaderatan ata mac of he response lectnical conve wh you ray aon, you fel hal yeu eanments have Nol rceed afar hearing you shed ‘ake your views known othe ASTM Cemmntoe on Standuds. a heads shown Blow This standards epyighes by ASTI Iterator, 10 Br Harbor Dv, PO Bax C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19420-2859, Unt States nia egri (sngle ar mune copes) af is standard may be obtained ty contacting ASTM a he above addtess 0° at 010-882-3585 (phon), 610832-9585 (lad, oF sersceeasimor ora): of twough the ASTM me {hone astn on). Pemssion igh to pretzcopy the srtoré may aso be secured tom ine Copyignt Clearance Center, 222 Fosoncod Grive, Danvers MA 01823 Tol: (878) 6462600: hp Jw copyright com!