LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 9
Quarter 1 Week 3

L I. LEARNING SKILLS

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Explain the different patterns of non – Mendelian inheritance (S9LT-Id-29).

At the end of the learning bundle, you should be able to:

a. identify the structure of a DNA molecule;
b. understand how the pairing of DNA’s nitrogenous bases work; and
c. infer that a particular gene has specific location in the chromosomes that codes
for specific traits.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

In your Grade 7 Biology, you learned that organisms are composed of cells.
These cells contain organelles that functions together to sustain metabolic activities of
life. These cells are controlled by the central processing unit called the nucleus. Inside
the nucleus are threadlike structures called the chromosomes. Each chromosome is
made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from
parents to offspring, DNA contains specific instructions that make each type of living
organisms, whether plants or animals unique.
In this learning bundle, you will explore the structures and compositions of the
DNA and understand its importance for the continuity and preservation of inheritance
of life on earth.

III. ACTIVITIES

In this learning bundle, you will be performing three (3) activities that will
enhance your ideas about the structures and importance of DNA in the preservation
and inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. The first task will focus on the
structures of the DNA, followed by the complementary based pairing of nitrogenous
bases of the DNA, and finally, you will track the codes of life from its cellular level. You
will write your answers on the worksheet provided.

1 LEARNER’S COPY
 Practice Task 1: Let’s Color the DNA
Directions: Read the structures and functions of the DNA inside the box and understand
how it serves as a “safety deposit box” for the codes of specific traits of an organism and
color its part following the coloring scheme presented.

Our body is made-up of cells which contains different kinds of

organelles. The central control unit of our cell is the nucleus
which contains chromosomes that holds our genes. A gene
is a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein, which
in turn codes for a specific trait. These traits can be seen in
the color of our eyes, skin or hair, height, body structures, etc.

Meanwhile, DNA is the chemical that genes and

chromosomes are made of. It stands for deoxyribonucleic
acid. DNA is called a nucleic acid because it was first found
in the nucleus.

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the

structure of DNA. The DNA is a double helix structure, which
is like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of
alternating pentose sugar and phosphate molecules. The
sugar is called deoxyribose. The rungs or steps are made-up
of nitrogenous bases.

The rungs or steps of the ladder are pairs of 4 types of

nitrogen bases. Two of the bases are purines – adenine (A)
and guanine (G). The pyrimidines are thymine (T) and
cytosine (C). The bases are known by their coded letters A,
G, T, C. These codes are arranged in sequence of three (3)
DNA nucleotides called codons. These bases always bond in
a certain way. Adenine will only bond to thymine. Guanine
will only bond with cytosine. This is known as the nitrogenous
based pairing rule. Each base pair is joined together by
hydrogen bonds.

The bases can occur in any order along a strand of DNA. The
order of these bases is the code the contains the instructions
for a specific gene that codes for a specific trait. (Muskopf,
2017)
Please note that the nitrogenous bases (A-T & C-G) are attach to the sides of the ladder at the sugars and not the phosphate.

Coloring Scheme: Thymine (T) Red

1. Color all the phosphates pink
(labeled with a "P”). Adenine (A) Green
2. Color all the deoxyriboses (“D”)
with blue. Guanine (G) Violet
3. Color the nitrogenous bases and
the hydrogen bond of the DNA with Cytosine (C) Yellow
the colors presented at the table.
Hydrogen Bonds 000 Orange
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Guide Questions:
1. What are the three (3) main compositions of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
2. How can you describe the shape of the DNA?
3. How do the nitrogenous bases pairs with each other? What do we call this pairing rule?

Practice Task 2: Find my Pair

Directions: Using your idea about how nitrogenous bases pairs with each other. Identify the
complementary based pairs of the given DNA strands below that forms a specific gene:

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Practice Task 3: Tracking the Codes of Life
Chromosomes are bundles of tightly coiled DNA located within the nucleus of almost every
cell in our body. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. (yourgenome, 2016)
o In plant and animal cells, DNA is tightly
packaged into thread-like structures called
chromosomes
o A single length of DNA is wrapped many
times around lots of proteins called
histones, to form structures called
nucleosomes.
o These nucleosomes then coil up tightly to
create chromatin loops.
o The chromatin loops are then wrapped
around each other to make a full
chromosome.
o Each chromosome has two short arms (p
arms), two longer arms (q arms), and a
centromere holding it all together at the
center.
o Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
(46 in total): one set comes from your
mother and one set comes from your father.
o Of these 23 pairs, one pair are sex
chromosomes so differ depending on
whether you are male or female (XX for
female or XY for male).
o The other 22 pairs are autosomes (non-
sex chromosomes) and look the same for
both males and females.
o The DNA making up each of our
chromosomes contains thousands of
genes.

Directions: Track the location of the DNA that contains important information that codes for
a specific trait by giving your explanations to the different learning tasks below.

Learning Tasks Illustrations Answers/Explanations

Identify the location

of the chromosome
inside an animal cell
and describe its
structure.

https://how-to-draw-cartoons-online.com/cartoon-cell.html

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 Explain how the
chromatins can fit
into the
chromosomes.

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome

Describe how the

double helix DNA
forms chromatin
loops that create
chromosomes found
in the cell.

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome

Explain how the

information inside
the DNA contains
genes for a specific
trait like the color of
the eyes, hair, body
https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome
structures, etc.

Guide Questions:
1. What is the role of the nucleus in the preservation of the genetic codes of life?
2. How important are the codes of the DNA in the transmission of hereditary traits from
parents to offspring?
3. What will happen to the genes if the nucleus will be damaged?

ASSESSMENT

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer and write your
answers on the worksheet provided.

1. What is the composition of a DNA molecule?

a. DNA is composed of pentose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases.
b. DNA is composed of ribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases.
c. DNA is composed of sugar, hydrogen group and nitrogenous bases.
d. DNA is composed of nucleic acid, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases.

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 2. Which of the following base pairs are properly paired following the complementary
base paring of nitrogenous bases?
a. ATT – GCA – TTT c. TAA – GCG – ATA
TAA – CGG – AAA ATT – CGG – TAT

b. GCG – TTA – AAA d. GCG – TGC – CCC

CGC – AAT – TTT CGC – ACG – GGG

3. Which is correctly sequenced from smallest to the biggest unit?

a. Chromosomes, nucleosomes, DNA molecules and chromatin
b. DNA molecules, nucleosomes, chromatin, and chromosomes
c. Nucleosomes, DNA molecules, chromatin, and chromosomes
d. Genes, DNA molecules, chromatin, and chromosomes

4. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Genes are made up of chromosomes.
b. DNA are made up of loops of chromatin.
c. Genes are made up of DNA molecules.
d. DNA molecule contains histones that makes it smaller.

5. What will happen if the DNA codes of an organism will be altered or damaged?
a. New organisms will be formed similar with the normal organisms.
b. New organisms will be formed with identical features from another organism.
c. The traits will be affected that could have minimal and/or fatal effect to the
characteristics of the organism.
d. The characteristics of the organism will not be affected due to its unique
ability to adapt.
(Manjares, 2020)

IV. RUBRIC FOR SCORING

Practice Task 1: Let’s Color the DNA

Excellent Good Average Poor Very Poor

5 4 3 2 1
DNA Student’s Student’s Student’s Student’s The student
Identification work is neat, work is neat work is not work is did not color
and Coloring and all parts but only neat and messy and the parts of
Skills of the DNA several parts only half of only few the DNA
were of the DNA the parts of parts of the molecule.
appropriately molecule the DNA DNA
colored were colored molecule molecule
using the using the was colored were colored
given color appropriate with the with the
scheme. color desired color desired color
scheme. scheme. scheme.

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 V. REFERENCES

Manjares, G. M. (2020). Self-Learning Module in Science 9 Quarter 1 Module 6 - DNA,

Genes and Chromosomes. Rawis, Legazpi City: DepEd Region V.
Muskopf, S. (2017, May 19). The Biology Corner. Retrieved from
https://www.biologycorner.com/2017/05/19/dna-coloring/
yourgenome. (2016, January 25). Retrieved from https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-
a-chromosome

What did you learn today? Complete the following sentence prompts with your
answers.
a. What was easiest for me to learn after reading and doing the activities in this learning
bundle? Why?

b. What was the most challenging for me to learn in this learning bundle? Why?

c. What will I ask my teacher to further understand the concept that I did not learn much
in this bundle?

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 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
SCIENCE 9
Quarter 1 Week 3
Worksheet Number 3

Name: ___________________________________Grade and Section: _______________

Date: _____________________________ Score: _________________________

Practice Task 1: Let’s Color the DNA

Directions: After reading the structures and functions of the DNA color its part following the
coloring scheme presented below.

THE DNA Coloring Scheme:

1. Color all the phosphates pink (labeled with
a "P”).
2. Color all the deoxyriboses (“D”) with blue.
3. Color the nitrogenous bases and the
hydrogen bond of the DNA with the colors
presented at the table.
Thymine (T) Red

Adenine (A) Green

Guanine (G) Violet

Cytosine (C) Yellow

Hydrogen Bonds 000 Orange

Guide Questions:
1. What are the three (3) main composition of the
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. How can you describe the shape of the DNA?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. How does the nitrogenous bases pairs with each
other? What do we call this pairing rule?

Please note that the nitrogenous bases (A-T & C- ___________________________________________

G) are attach to the sides of the ladder at the ___________________________________________
sugars and not the phosphate.
___________________________________________
1 Please answer and submit this to your teacher/ adviser.
Practice Task 2: Find my Pair
Directions: Using your idea about how nitrogenous bases pairs with each other. Identify the
complementary based pairs of the given DNA strands below that forms a specific gene:

Practice Task 3: Tracking the Codes of Life

Directions: Track the location of the DNA that contains important information that codes for
a specific trait by giving your explanations to the different learning tasks below.

Learning Tasks Illustrations Answers/Explanations

Identify the location

of the chromosome
inside an animal cell
and describe its
structure.

https://how-to-draw-cartoons-online.com/cartoon-cell.html

2
 Explain how the
chromatins can fit
into the
chromosomes.

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome

Describe how the

double helix DNA
forms chromatin
loops that create
chromosomes found
in the cell.

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome

Explain how the

information inside
the DNA contains
genes for a specific
trait like the color of
the eyes, hair, body
https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome
structures, etc.

Guide Questions:
1. What is the role of the nucleus in the preservation of the genetic codes of life?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

2. How important are the codes of the DNA in the transmission of hereditary traits from
parents to offspring?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

3. What will happen to the genes if the nucleus will be damaged?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

ASSESSMENT ANSWERS: TEACHER’S OVERALL FEEDBACK:

____________________________________
1. _______________ ____________________________________
2. _______________ ____________________________________
3. _______________ ____________________________________
4. _______________ ____________________________________
5. _______________

3
 LAS DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Schools Division Superintendent: Nelson S. Morales Jr.

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Maylani L. Galicia
Chief Education Supervisor, CID: Tita V. Agir
EPS, LRMDS: Nestor B. Bobier
EPS, Science: Jocelyn P. Navera

Writer/ Contextualized by: Saturnino L. Macasinag Jr., LNHS

Editor: Marylou V. Aragamosa, PES
Marissa O. Co, LNHS

Illustrator/ Lay-out Artist: Kenneth M. De la Fuente, DPPMHS

Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Schools Division Office of Ligao City- CID, Learning Resources Management

Section
Binatagan, Ligao City

Telefax: (052) 485-24-96

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