RLE Week 2

Bachelor of Science in Nursing: NCMA 217 RLE
RLE MODULE RLE UNIT WEEK
Menstruation
✔ Read course and laboratory unit objectives

✔ Read study guide prior to class attendance
✔ Read required learning resources; refer to course unit terminologies for jargons
✔ Participate in weekly discussion board (Canvas)
✔ Answer and submit course unit tasks
At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:

1. Describe the significance and purpose of Menstruation
2. Appreciate the physiology of Menstruation
3. Identify the Menstrual cycle
4. Recognize that menstruation is a normal process and not a sickness
5. Assist and increase awareness on menstrual hygiene among adolescent/teenage girls.
6. Implement the Nurse’s Role in Health teaching education on menstruation to both school age
children and their parents.
Menstruation is a woman’s monthly bleeding, often called your “period.” When you menstruate,
your body discards the monthly buildup of the lining of your uterus (womb). Menstrual blood and
tissue flow from your uterus through the small opening in your cervix and pass out of your body
through your vagina.
During the monthly menstrual cycle, the uterus lining builds up to prepare for pregnancy. If
you do not get pregnant, estrogen and progesterone hormone levels begin falling. Very low levels
of estrogen and progesterone tell your body to begin menstruation.
The menstrual cycle is the monthly hormonal cycle a female’s body goes through to prepare
for pregnancy. Your menstrual cycle is counted from the first day of your period up to the first day
of your next period. Your hormone levels (estrogen and progesterone) usually change throughout
the menstrual cycle and can cause menstrual symptoms.
Ovulation is when the ovary releases an egg so it can be fertilized by a sperm in order to
make a baby. A woman is most likely to get pregnant if she has sex without birth control in the
three days before and up to the day of ovulation (since the sperm are already in place and ready to
fertilize the egg as soon as it is released). A man’s sperm can live for 3 to 5 days in a woman’s
reproductive organs, but a woman’s egg lives for just 12 to 24 hours after ovulation.
Each woman’s cycle length may be different, and the time between ovulation and when the
next period starts can be anywhere from one week (7 days) to more than 2 weeks (19 days).
DETERMINING OVULATION
Your cycle begins on the first day of your period, the day your bleeding starts. The last day of your
cycle is the day before your next period begins. Remember, your period occurs on those days
when you actually bleed, as your uterine lining is shed, and typically lasts 5-7 days. Your menstrual
cycle begins (day one) on the first day of your period, but lasts until the day before you start your
next period, typically 21-35 days.
Most women have cycles that vary in length from month to month. One month you may go 28 days
between periods, then the next month may be 24 or 32 days. This is absolutely normal-and why
you need to track your period for a few months to find the optimal fertilization window, the best time
to conceive. Tracking for a few cycles will help you determine an average length of your cycle so
you can approximate your most fertile days.
Begin on day one of your period and count the number of days until your next period, which is day
one of your next cycle. Track for 3 months and add the total number of days. Divide that number by
three and you’ll have your average cycle length.
Ovulation normally occurs 12-16 days prior to your period. The second part of the cycle does not
change and lasts almost always 14 days. The first part does change which then determine the
length of the entire cycle. For example, if your cycles are 28 days, then ovulation is on day 14. If
the cycle are 26 days, then ovulation lands on day 12. If the cycle is 32 days, then ovulation day is
day 18.
The following method will help you find out your fertile window.
1. For 8 to 12 months, record the day you start your menstrual period and count the total
number of days in that cycle. Note that the first full flow day of your menstrual period is day
one.
2. Then write down the longest and shortest number of days from your monthly tracking.
3. Find out the first day of your fertile window by subtracting 18 days from the length of your
shortest cycle. For example, if your shortest cycle was 27 days, subtract 18 from 27, and
write down day 9.
4. Find out the last day of your fertile window by subtracting 11 from your length of the longest
cycle. For example, if it was 30 days, you’d get day 19.
5. The time between the shortest and longest day is your fertile window. In the above
example, it would be between days 9 and 19. If you’re trying to avoid pregnancy, you’d want
to avoid having unprotected sex during those days.
1. Mrs Mercado wants to use the calendar method as a birth control method. She started to
record her cycle from January up to August. She seeks advice from the Nurse-midwife to
determine her safe and unsafe days.
Below is the recorded Menstrual cycle.

1. Compute for the fertile days of Mrs, Mercado
2. What will you advise the patient so she will not get pregnant?
3. Make your own calendar with a legend indicating her safe and fertile days.
First Day of Number of Days First Day of Number of Days

Period in Cycle Period in Cycle
January 20 29 May 10 26
February 16 28 June 6 28
March 18 31 July 5 30
April 15 29 August 1 27
2. Mrs Jacinto went to the clinic to ask if she could predict her fertile and safe days. She said that she
doesn't have any plans yet to add another baby in the family. She told the nurse that she is too busy that
she might forget taking the OCP
Countering shame around menstruation among girls—and boys

https://www.unicef.org/philippines/stories/menstruation-ok-taboo-acceptance
Menstrual hygiene
https://www.unicef.org/philippines/topics/menstrual-hygiene
https://www.womenshealth.gov/menstrual-cycle/your-menstrual-cycle

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Bachelor of Science in Nursing: NCMA 217 RLE

RLE MODULE RLE UNIT WEEK

✔ Read course and laboratory unit objectives

At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:

Below is the recorded Menstrual cycle.

First Day of Number of Days First Day of Number of Days

Countering shame around menstruation among girls—and boys

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