Macbeth Summary
Macbeth Summary
Macbeth Summary
On a bleak Scottish moorland, Macbeth and Banquo, two of King Duncan's generals,
discover three strange women (witches). The witches prophesy that Macbeth will be promoted
twice: to Thane of Cawdor (a rank of the aristocracy bestowed by grateful kings) and King of
Scotland. Banquo's descendants will be kings, but Banquo isn't promised any kingdom
himself.
Soon afterwards, King Duncan names Macbeth Thane of Cawdor as a reward for his success
in the recent battles. The promotion seems to support the prophecy. The King then proposes
to make a brief visit that night to Macbeth's castle at Inverness. Lady Macbeth receives news
from her husband about the prophecy and his new title. She vows to help him become king by
whatever means are necessary.
Macbeth returns to his castle, followed almost immediately by King Duncan. The Macbeths
plot together to kill Duncan and wait until everyone is asleep. At the appointed time, Lady
Macbeth gives the guards drugged wine so Macbeth can enter and kill the King. He regrets
this almost immediately, but his wife reassures him. She leaves the bloody daggers by the
dead king just before Macduff, a nobleman, arrives. When Macduff discovers the murder,
Macbeth kills the drunken guards in a show of rage and retribution. Duncan's sons, Malcolm
and Donalbain, flee, fearing for their own lives; but they are, nevertheless, blamed for the
murder.
Macbeth seeks out the witches who say that he will be safe until a local wood, Birnam Wood,
marches into battle against him. He also need not fear anyone born of woman (that sounds
secure, no loop-holes here). They also prophesy that the Scottish succession will still come
from Banquo's son. Macbeth embarks on a reign of terror, slaughtering many, including
Macduff's family. Macduff had gone to seek Malcolm (one of Duncan's sons who fled) at the
court of the English king. Malcolm is young and unsure of himself, but Macduff, pained with
grief, persuades him to lead an army against Macbeth.
Macbeth feels safe in his remote castle at Dunsinane until he is told that Birnam Wood is
moving towards him. Malcolm's army is carrying branches from the forest as camouflage for
their assault on Macbeth's stronghold. Meanwhile, a stressed and conscience-ridden Lady
Macbeth walks in her sleep and tells her secrets to her doctor. She commits suicide. As the
final battle commences, Macbeth hears of Lady Macbeth's suicide and mourns.
In the midst of a losing battle, Macduff challenges Macbeth. Macbeth learns Macduff is the
child of a caesarean birth (loophole!), realizes he is doomed, and submits to his enemy.
Macduff triumphs and brings the head of the traitor Macbeth to Malcolm. Malcolm declares
peace and goes to Scone to be crowned king.