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Centre Nunrber [r] untber

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Candidate Name
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PAPER B zoo J

t hour 15 ntinutes

Candidates answer on tlre question paper.

Additional materials;
Electronic calculator and/or Mathematical tables
Protractor
Huler (30 cm)
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($l'iME t hour 15 minutes
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I $S STR t",!CT!0f,!S TO CANDIDATES

V/rite your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer al! questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.

IN FORMATICIN FOH OAN DIDATES

The number of nrarks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or pafi question.

FOR EXAMINER'S USK

4
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TOTAI.

T"[-,;^ .",,^-+l^- r,nioin nf 1 E nrirr*orl rranan amrN I i*-[erl[r pT grrc

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tlrrougi-r a liquid
Fig. 1.1 shours a speed tirne graph that represenis tlre motion o{ a ball

Fig. 1'1

(a) (i) State the two majorforces acting on the ball'

T

1. .............. .....'.'.......'."

2. .............. """'"""""'1
velocity'
(ii) The velocity of the ball gradually becomes constant' Name this constant

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(b}Describethemotionoftheballintermsofitsacceleration.
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i ,,--
Fig. 2.1 shcws a plan view o{ a children's roundabout. Tl-re roundabout rotates in a clockrryise
directiort abcutt a central pillar. A chilci is securely strappeci into the seat A, and ti-re
rourrdabout rotates at a constanlspeed.

oDd
central pillar

Q. og
Fig.2.1

I ,:\ (a) (i) Draw an arrow to show the direction of the resultant force on the child, Name this
\.i,':' force.

(ii) Explain why this force is needed.

(li,) The roundabout now rotates in an anti-clockwise direction at the same constant
speed. What e{fect does this have on the resultant force?

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(b) The kinetic energy of the roundabout is 1240J. Brakes are applied on the rotating
i ur.
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central piliar to stop the roundabout. A point on tlre pillar, in contact with ilre brakes, I

rnoves through a distance of 7.5 rn as the roundabout is brought to rest in 8.0 s.

Calcuiate

(i) the average braking force exefted by the brakes on the pillar,

force =
if
(ii) the average rate at which heat is produced in the brakes. .

(,Tij

rate =
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(c) The child releases a ball. The ball hits the ground 0.4 s later. Assuming that the
acceleration of free fall in 10m/sz and neglecting air resistance, calculate

(i) the vertical velocity of the ball as it reaches the ground,

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velocitY ='....,".',...

(ii) the vertical distance through which the ball has fallen.

distance =
141
 5 1 For
I
Exanrrnsrir

Liquid vrrax at B0 'C is cool,ed to 20 "C. Ai 35'C the \41ex stans to soiidify. I

(a) On the axis beior,v, sketch a coolirrg curve for tlre wax betv'reerr B0 "C aird 20 "C if tire
rvax iakes 20 minuies to staft solidifying.

temperature/oC

4A time/min
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(h) Describe the moiion of particles in wax at tlre following temperatures.

1. above 35'C

below 35'C

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heat 1.5kg of water ft'ortr 15"tl t":

An electric kettle rated at 2.0kW (2000W) is used to
100 "C. The specific heat capacity of water is
4200J/kg"C. Assume tl-rele are no heat
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lu55ui.

(a) Calculate

(i) tlre heat energy gained by the water,

heat energY =

water f rorr 15 "c to 100 "G'

(ii) the time it takes to raise the temperature of the

€;

time = """"'i""""

(iii) the cost o{ heating the water if 1 kW h of energy costs 60 thebe'

cost =
171

(b) The kettle operaies from a 250 V a'c' supply'

Calculate

of tlre kettle'
t!) the current through the heating element

curretlt =
 7 I Foi
; Exantiner s

iii) the resistance of the heaiing eiemenl of the t<etfle.

resistance = ..............
i;j
., (ei Fig.4.1 shows an electric kettle and a fused 3-pin plug. A B-core cable connecis t5e
kettle to the plug.

4:--'r\
:1.,]; :l
il.:i',,r fuse

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a.'iiit",*.*..,...,*- ",
\iill.le*-r lV
!1a,a.-
*aryry,af

Fig.4.1

(i) State the purpose of a fuse.

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(it) Explain how the fuse works.

(iii) Complete tlre diagram to show the correct connection of tlre live (L), neutral (N)
and earth (E) wires to the kettle
'.

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Exanriner.s
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5 Fig.5.l slrows an electric vuater pump driven by a d.c. nrotor. The punrp is used to draltr i

water f rom a river into a reservoir 5 m above the level uf tlre water.

pump
reservolr

5m

river

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Fig. 5.1 r-...

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i-h
tik
(a) The pump operates from a voltage of 40 V and carries a current of 8.0 A when working. i.
-.,1i

(i) Nanre the type of energy gained by water in the reservoir.

(ii) Find the quarrtity of electrical charge transferred through the pump in 60s.

i
electrical charge = t11...
(r,iri

(!ii) Calculate the power input to the pump. I

pOW€I =
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i i.ianriner s
Use
i i r,'i Assuming thai alith+ electrical energv supplioci is transferred io the v\ii.l.iei', celculate
the maxiniunt possii;le nrass of lvaterihaican be raiseci a lreiglrtof 5i-r," it-r00s.

t]'l3SS =

{v} Explain why, in practice, the mass of the water raised in 60s is less than tlrat
calculated,

171

(b) Fig, 5.2 shows a circuit, wlrich makes it possible to use an a.c. mains supply to drive the
pump.

40V d.c.
supply to pump

(ii Identify the components

, .:.-f.

i*

(ii) Explain briefly how the transfonner worl<s.

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10 i use

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(c)Thepunrpisreplacedwitharesistor.OnFig,5.3,skeichlrowtheouiputvoltageVarleS
AB ano CD'
with iime between points

outPut
outPut voltage
voltage

beMeen CD
between AB

t-rg. 5.r 12)

of
(a) A student wish.es to measure
ta)
the *::il::.f il:J":!"il: lll::
temp-erature
"ru* ui"'r'
\.:.,
u'reads n the i
Hi:,;i:.,l'i3
ln#:n*:[ ft n'"TIi :lf[:i'llfl;;;;.; [,t oio not reach t-he ends of the
by differe#
thermorneters increased
thermorneters'

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A
.t7!tr n

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Fig.6'1

(i) whetr in hot waier'

WritethelettersA,BandCintheboxesbelowtoshowtheorderofincreasein
*""u'ritffi;t;;; ttti"- tt''ti*ometers
length of the

n largest
smallest
for nreasuring higher
thermorneter would net be suitable
(i !) State which
ternPeratures'

Explain Your answsr'

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(1,') E>tplairr wiiai tiie fslllrv,rirrg statemenimeans i U,re

)-lte speclflb latent he.at of ice is -q,34 k.L/kq.

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gudace.
7 Fig. 7.1 slrows reiractiorr o{ tight ineident on an air'glasg

Fis.7'1

{a) {i} Explain what is meanl by reiraction'

lndex of tlre glass hlock is 1'47"

e)
(ii) Caliulate th6 anglc of refraction when the refradive

rcfraetiveindex = tn1
LOJ

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(b) (i) C;alculate tire critical angle of the glass block.

critical angle =

(ii) What will happen to the incident ray X, ilthe angle i in Fig. 7.2is greater than the
critical angle?

atr
I glass
i II
'F l1'..4t
tL-- X I

Fig.7"2

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14 i t)lall)/ners
Us6
tlre
to scale)' A student at poirrt E bangs
Fig. 8.1 shows an B0m long steel pipe (not drawn
reac1ring him'
pifie and another student aipoint O llstens to the sound

steel pipea

Fig. 8.1

before the other'

(a) Explain why ihe student at o will hear two sounds, one arriving

needed for the sound to travel through

the air
(b) ln an experiment to measure the tirne 0'23 s'
f rom E to O, five vatues were
recorded: 0'20 s' 0'28 s' 0'25 s' A'27 s'

(i) Determine the average speed of sound'

average sPeed = """"""""

\/
(ii)Suggestanytwoproblemsjh:.''i.!?.tcouldencounterindeterminingthetinreit
E to O'
tat<ii sound to travel through the air frorn
 15 i F{ri
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Use

(ci E;<plaiir tlre eiJect of each o{ thr iolioning on tlre value ol:iaittecJ foi'the spee'J r:f scurttj
rn a.ir.

(i) Striking tlre pipe harder.

(li) Using a pipe made from a different metal.

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9 An atom of an elenrent is representedby )X.

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(a) Wlrat do the letters A and Zrcpresent?
rr.,i.,,.....!!,.
4......,........

Z .,............. """""":""""'t2]
(b) An isotope of carbon disintegrates to give nitrogen'14'

(i) Explain what is meant by an isotope of an element?

(ii) Complete the disintegration reaction below'

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