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    Vaults and Domes

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    Srushti Naik
    Vaults and domes are roof structures that distribute weight forces. [1] Vaults are arched structures made of materials like brick, stone or concrete. Common vault types include barrel vaults, groin vaults and rib vaults. [2] Domes are hemispherical or partial sphere structures. Elements include coffering, cupolas and pendentives. Domes are used widely in architecture and can be made of materials from stone to plastic.

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    Vaults and Domes

    Uploaded by

    Srushti Naik
    115 views27 pages
    Vaults and domes are roof structures that distribute weight forces. [1] Vaults are arched structures made of materials like brick, stone or concrete. Common vault types include barrel vaults, groin vaults and rib vaults. [2] Domes are hemispherical or partial sphere structures. Elements include coffering, cupolas and pendentives. Domes are used widely in architecture and can be made of materials from stone to plastic.

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    Vaults and domes are roof structures that distribute weight forces. [1] Vaults are arched structures made of materials like brick, stone or concrete. Common vault types include barrel vaults, groin vaults and rib vaults. [2] Domes are hemispherical or partial sphere structures. Elements include coffering, cupolas and pendentives. Domes are used widely in architecture and can be made of materials from stone to plastic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    115 views27 pages

    Vaults and Domes

    Uploaded by

    Srushti Naik
    Vaults and domes are roof structures that distribute weight forces. [1] Vaults are arched structures made of materials like brick, stone or concrete. Common vault types include barrel vaults, groin vaults and rib vaults. [2] Domes are hemispherical or partial sphere structures. Elements include coffering, cupolas and pendentives. Domes are used widely in architecture and can be made of materials from stone to plastic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 27

    VAULTS AND DOMES

    VAULTS
    Definition:
    - A roof in the form of an arch or a series of arches intersecting with each other.

    History:
    - The evolution of the vault begins with the
    discovery of the arch.

    - In ancient Egypt vaulting was used for drains.

    - Greek made no use of vaults.

    - The Romans adopted this technique in 1st century AD

    - The semi-circular arch vault was universally adopted in


    whole of Europe.

    Material:
    - It can be of brick, stone, concrete, and timber
    TYPES OF VAULTS

    - Barrel vault
    - Pitched brick barrel vault
    - Groin vaults
    - Rib vault
    - Fan vault

    Barrel vault

    Fan vault Rib vault Groin vault


    Barrel vault
    - A barrel vault is the simplest form of a vault and resembles a barrel or tunnel.
    Barrel vault
    Barrel vault
    Barrel vault : Examples

    The earliest known examples of barrel vaults were built by the Sumerians, possibly
    under the ziggurat at Nippur in Babylonia, which was built of fired bricks cemented
    with clay mortar.

    Ziggurat at Nippur
    Barrel vault
    Pitched brick barrel vault
    - Pitched-brick vaults are named for their construction, the bricks are installed vertically
    (not radially) and are leaning (pitched) at an angle.

    - Its construction does not require centering.


    Groin vaults
    - When two semi-circular barrel vaults of the same diameter cross one another at right
    angles their intersection (a true ellipse) is known as a groin.
    Groin vaults
    Rib vault
    - The intersection of two or three barrel vaults produces a rib vault or ribbed vault.
    Rib vaults
    Fan vaults
    DOMES
    A dome is an architectural element that
    resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere.

    - Domes have a long architectural lineage that extends


    back into prehistory and they have been constructed
    from mud, stone, wood, brick, concrete, metal,
    glass, and plastic over the centuries.

    - Domes have been found from early Mesopotamia,


    Persian, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic architecture in
    the Ancient world, as well as among a number of
    contemporary indigenous building traditions.

    - The domes of the modern world can be found over


    religious buildings, legislative chambers, sports
    stadiums, and a variety of functional structures.
    DOMES
    DOMES
    Characteristics:

    - It is a type of shell structure


    - Hemispherical in shape
    - Used as roof structure
    - Transmits load in more than 2 directions to
    support
    - Constructed of stone, concrete and bricks.
    - Supported on circular/regular polygon
    shaped walls.
    - Have very small thickness
    DOMES
    Elements of Dome

    - COFFER

    - CUPOLA

    - LANTERN

    - PENDENTIVE

    - ROTUNDA

    - SQUINCH

    - THOLOBATE

    - WHISPERING GALLERY
    DOMES
    Elements of Dome

    - COFFER : It is a series of sunken panels

    - CUPOLA : It is a small dome like structure


    on top of building. It usually crowns a
    larger dome.
    DOMES
    Elements of Dome

    - LANTERN : It is a day lighting architectural element

    - PENDENTIVE : It is a constructive device


    permitting the placing of a
    circular dome over a square room or of an
    elliptical dome over a rectangular room
    DOMES
    Elements of Dome
    DOMES
    Elements of Dome
    DOMES
    Types of Dome
    DOMES
    Types of Dome
    DOMES
    Types of Dome
    Geodesic Dome
    DOMES
    Types of Dome
    Hemispherical Dome
    DOMES
    Types of Dome
    Concrete and Plastic Dome

    Bamboo Dome

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