Ecosystem Services 2.2
Ecosystem Services 2.2
Ecosystem Services 2.2
John Osborne
January 2023
Definitions: What are ecosystems?
John Osborne
January 2023
Definitions: What are Ecosystem Services?
John Osborne
January 2023
Definitions: What are the 4 Ecosystem Services?
•Provisioning services
•Regulating services
•Supporting services
•Cultural services
Disturbance of ecosystems can lead to loss or degradation of ecosystem services
John Osborne
January 2023
What does that include?
John Osborne
January 2023
Different ecosystems & the services they provide
John Osborne 6
January 2023
Ecosystem services explicitly connect human well being with ecosystem health
John Osborne
January 2023
Examine this image
• What ecosystem
services are
depicted here?
• How are they
related?
• Are any of these in
conflict?
• What impacts might
diminish these
services?
• How might climate
change affect the
services?
John Osborne
January 2023
How are ecosystem services valued?
▪ Undervalued
▪ Have no financial value
▪ Unsustained
Overexploited (i.e. fish stock)
Degraded faster than
recovered (i.e. soil nutrient)
Destroyed…
John Osborne
January 2023
Condition and trends of ecosystem services
Provisioning services:
• Water resource scarcity;
• Water overuse;
• High level of arsenic;
• High concentration of pollutants and
microorganism;
• Declining water availability…
John Osborne
January 2023
Condition and trends of ecosystem services
Regulating services:
• Declining farmland productivity;
• Soil erosion;
• High salt accumulation in soil;
• Declining water quality…
John Osborne
January 2023
Condition and trends of ecosystem services
Cultural services:
• Disturbing landscapes;
• Declining non-recreational cultural services …
• Increasing tourism and recreation condition
John Osborne
January 2023
Condition and trends of ecosystem services
Supporting services:
▪ Destroying biogeochemical cycles;
John Osborne
January 2023
Payments for ecosystem services
3 different recipes:
John Osborne
Suggest solutions to the problems of degradation.
January 2023