Roshan Project - Roshan Ghode
Roshan Project - Roshan Ghode
Roshan Project - Roshan Ghode
PROJECT REPORT ON
ON
“CUSTOMER ATTITUTED TOWARDS PLASTIC MONEY’’
submitted to
DEEMD TO BE UNIVERSITY
1. INTRODUCTION OF MONEY
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3. OBJECTIVES
4. HYPOTHESIS OF STUDY
5. SCOPE
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
8. APPENDICES
In this project report on effort has been made the study of the Customer
attitude toward the plastic analysis money. This report provide the operating
cycle of the various banking ATM credit as well as debit card transaction is
feedback, survey of 100 people for awareness about plastic money and
The project also studies the ATM as well as other plastic transaction for
The Chinese experience was repeated when Sweden became the first European nation to
experiment with paper money. In 1661, a banker named Johan Palmstruch began to issue
credit notes that could be exchanged at his Stockholm bank for stated numbers of silver coins.
Unfortunately for Palmstruch, who had consulted the Swedish government before launching
the scheme, he got carried away with his licence to print money. He issued more notes than
his bank had silver deposits to redeem, and in 1668 was prosecuted for fraud. He was initially
sentenced to death, but the penalty was later commuted to imprisonment.
Despite the less than glorious outcomes to these early trials of paper money, the
tide of history was firmly on the side of the new form of currency. As economic activity
increased in Europe, it became apparent that the money supply needed to be
expanded beyond the limits imposed by holdings of precious metals.
This recognition led to the establishment of the first national central banks.
People were much more likely to trust notes backed by government reserves than
those issued by private institutions. They even proved willing to accept temporary
governmental bans on the redemption of banknotes for silver, as happened in Britain during
the "Restriction Period" of 1797 to 1821.
The Gold Standard
Since 1971, the world economy has largely run on a system of floating exchange rates, with
gold-backed currency replaced by what is called " fiat money". This is money that has no
intrinsic value and obtains its worth entirely on the basis of governmental decree. ("This
piece of paper can be used to pay debts because we say it can.") The use of fiat money
obviously places a greater responsibility on governments than they had in the days when
currency had to be backed by precious metals. Print too much of it and you end up in a right
mess.
Not so long ago, it was relatively difficult to open an account with one of the clearing banks,
and the Mainwaring and Wilsons who ran the institutions long catered principally to the
professional classes, discussing their affairs over a glass of Amontillado in the manager's
office.
Though bounders could be relied upon to write bouncing cheques, for most of the
20th century the possession of a current account denoted respectability. The manual
working classes relied on a little brown envelope of notes and coins at the end of the week,
and remained "unbanked" until well into the 1970s. If they wanted to send money
away they relied on the postal order, now al most extinct.
Then we all became more prosperous, the banks discovered marketing (black
horses running across the landscape) and students were being offered rail cards and book
tokens (another quaint form of money, happily still with us) just so that the bank
could enjoy the mixed pleasure of them running up enormous overdrafts.
E-money comes in three forms, two of them specifically creations of the internet. First, there
is the "card not present" phenomenon, where you have sufficient faith in the online retailer
– nowadays, anyone from Tesco to Amazon and lastminute.com – that you feel happy to tap
your payment card details on to a web page. You and the "shopkeeper" never actually meet,
and you never leave your home or office.
Money thus moves from being a physical commodity – a gold coin, a paper banknote or a
plastic card – to being a purely virtual commodity (though of course banks
themselves have long held your current account in virtual form, as a series of binary
codes in a computer file).
Second, we have seen the growth of outfits specifically set up to facilitate payments
on the web. Perhaps the most high profile of these is Pay Pal, as featured, and
trusted, on eBay. Barclays Bank can chart its origins back to 1685, the Royal Bank of
Scotland to 1727 and Lloyds to 1765;Pay Pal dates back only to 2000, yet it now
operates in 103 markets, manages more than 133 million accounts and allows
The real revolution, though, may be the abolition of cash, cheques, credit cards and debit card
sand their replacement by one single means of payment, which you just wave, possibly
nonchalantly, at the shop assistant. This is what the "contact less" card promises, so
called because you don't even have to put it into a reader to buy something.
The Barclaycard One Pulse card, for example, was launched only a month ago, with
4,000guinea-pig customers in London. It will combine the functions of an Oyster card
(Transport for London's existing "cashless" method of prepaying for bus and Tube journeys),
a Barclaycard, and a "One Touch" contact less technology card.
Alternatively, the SIM card in your mobile phone could be used to pay for the little things in
life(they're trying this out in South Korea). Either way, you will be being monitored. Money
is what money does, according to the old adage. And in the future, your money may even spy
on you.
India has come out of self-binding shackles to look "young" again and the
enthusiasm shared bythe young work force of the country is driving the economy like never-
before. In the present dayworld, no one wants to be bothered by the presence of huge cash in
his or her wallet and theIndians are no exceptions. The unprecedented growth in the number
of credit card users hasstimulated the Indian economy by a significant extent. The arrival of
malls, multiplexes, onlineshopping stores and shopping complexes have contributed to the
growth of the use of plasticcards. It will not be wrong to say that such a scenario in context of
the Indian market is notdriven by style statement and is driven more by needs. The benefits of
plastic money haveoffered unmatched ways to create equilibrium and offer an amicable
solution when it comes to purchases and the inability to possess or carry cash. The modern
day Indian customers find iteasier to make physical payment (credit card payments) rather
than carrying too much cash. Theintroduction of credit card facilities to pay for mobile,
electricity, movie tickets and other relatedtransactions have also contributed to the growth of
plastic money in the country.
In context of the Indian market, the leading credit card service providers are ICICI,
HDFC,HSBC and Standard Chartered to name a few. These financial institutions have tried
their handson ensuring value-addition while offering customer-friendly credit card deals.
The Best credit cards in India are usually meant for specific user group such as women,
studentsand small business owners. These cards are offered to the prospective customers with
appealingdeals. Statistics have clearly revealed that the numbers of credit card holders in
India are close to 10284874.76 million as of March 2011-2012. It has been also revealed that
the increasing consumerism in thecountry has led to a two-fold increase in the number of
credit card transactions from FY 2011-12to 2012-13. The trends were as favourable as ever in
the financial years, FY 2011-12 and 2012-13 and the same.
While the first card was issued in India by visa in1981 and country first gold card was also
issued from the same.
However the credit card industry in India grown exponentially in its 15 years of business in
the country it had issued 12.69 crores card till December 2012. However in just one year
2011, the figure has spurted to 4.33 crores.
of India has placed draft guidelines on credit card operation from the members of the public.
The guidelines, when finally issued would be applicable to all commercial banks/non-
commercial finance companies (NBFC’s) and would come to effect as soon as implemented.
It may be recalled that the Reserve bank had constituted a working Group to evolve a
regulatory mechanism for cards to ensure orderly growth of this segment of consumer credit
and protect the interest of banks / NBFC and their customers. The report of the group was
placed in public domain on April 23, 2011. The draft guidelines issued now have been
framed taking into account the feedback received from media, member of the public and
other on the report of the working Group. The draft guidelines are as each Bank /NBFC has a
well documented policy and a fair practices code for credit card and should widely
disseminate contents.
Some countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, limit the
amount for which a consumer can be held liabledue to fraudulent transactions as a
result of a consumer's credit card being lost or stolen.
That interchange fees force them to raise prices for everyone; banks contend that
interchange fees enable them to offer better cardholder rewards for their best customers.
* Hidden Cost
In the United Kingdom, merchants won the right through The Credit Cards (Price
Discrimination) Order 1990 to charge customers different prices according to the payment
method. The United Kingdom is the world's most credit-card-intensive country, with 67
million credit cards for a population of 59 million people.
In the United States, until 1984 federal law prohibited surcharges on card transactions.
Although the federal Truth in Lending Act provisions that prohibited surcharges expired that
*Redlining
Credit Card redlining is a spatially discriminatory practice among credit card issuers of
providing different amounts of credit to different areas, based on their ethnic-minority
composition, rather than on economic criteria, such as the potential profitability of operating
in those areas.
*Operating cost
This is the cost of running the credit card portfolio, including everything from paying the
executives who run the company to printing the plastics, to mailing the statements, to
running the computers that keep track of every cardholder's balance, to taking the many
phone calls which cardholders place to their issuer, to protecting the customers from fraud
rings. Depending on the issuer, marketing programs are also a significant portion of expenses
*Charge off
When a consumer becomes severely delinquent on a debt (often at the point of six months
without payment), the creditor may declare the debt to be acharge-off. It will then be listed as
such on the debtor's credit bureau reports (Equifax, for instance, lists "R9" in the "status"
column to denote a charge-off.) The item will include relevant dates, and the amount of the
bad debt.
A charge-off is considered to be "written off as uncollectable." To banks, bad debts and even
fraud are simply part of the cost of doing business.
However, the debt is still legally valid, and the creditor can attempt to collect the full amount
for the time periods permitted under state law, which is usually 3 to 7 years. This includes
contactsfrom internal collections staff, or more likely, an outsidecollection agency. If the
amount is large(generally over $1500 - $2000), there is the possibility of a lawsuit
or arbitration.
In recent times, credit card portfolios have been very profitable for banks, largely due to the booming
economyof the late nineties. However, in the case of credit cards, such high
returnsgohand in hand with risk, since the business is essentially one of making unsecured(uncollatera
lized) loans, and thus dependent on borrowers not to default in large numbers.
Costs
Banks generally borrow the money they then lend to their customers. As they receive very
low-interest loans from other firms, they may borrow as much as their customers require,
while lending their capital to other borrowers at higher rates. If the card issuer charges 15%
on money lent to users, and it costs 5% to borrow the money to lend, and the balance sits with
the cardholder for a year, the issuer earns 10% on the loan. This 5% difference is the "interest
expense" and the 10% is the "net interest spread".
Credit card
A credit card is plastic money that is used to pay for products and services at
over 20 million locations around the world. All you need to do is produce the card and
sign a charge slip to pay for your purchases. The institution which issues the card makes the
payment to the outlet on your behalf; you will pay this 'loan' back to the institution at a later
date.
Debit card
Debit cards are substitutes for cash or check payments, much the same way that credit cards
are. However, banks only issue them to you if you hold an account with them. When a debit
card is used to make a payment, the total amount charged is instantly reduced from your bank
balance . A debit card is only accepted at outlets with electronic swipe-machines that can
check and deduct amounts from your bank balance online.
Charge card
A charge card carries all the features of credit cards. However, after using a charge card you
will have to pay off the entire amount billed, by the due date. If you fail to do so, you are
likely to be considered a defaulter and will usually have to pay up a steep late payment
charge. When you use a credit card you are not declared a defaulter even if you miss your due
date. A 2.95 per cent late payment fees (this differs from one bank to another) is levied in
your next billing statement.
Amex Card
Amex stands for American Express and is one of the well-known charge cards. This card has
itsown merchant establishment tie-ups and does not depend on the network of MasterCard or
Visa.This card is typically meant for high-income group categories and companies and may
not be acceptable at many outlets. There are a wide variety of special privileges offered to
Amex card holders.
MasterCard and Visa are global non-profit organizations dedicated to promote the growth of
thecard business across the world. They have built a vast network of merchant
establishments sothat customer’s world-wide may use their respective credit cards to make
various purchases.
Smart Card
A smart card contains an electronic chip which is used to store cash. This is most useful
whenyou have to pay for small purchases, for example bus fares and coffee. No
identification,signature or payment authorization is required for using this card. The exact
amount of purchaseis deducted from the smart card during payment and is collected by smart
card reading machines. No change is given. Currently this product is available only in very
developed countries like theUnited States and is being used only sporadically in India.
Diners Club is a branded charge card. There are a wide variety of special privileges offered to
the Diners Club cardholder. For instance, as a cardholder you can set your own spending
limit. Besides, the card has its own merchant establishment tie-ups and does not depend on
the network of MasterCard or Visa. However, since this card is typically meant for high-
income group categories, it may not be acceptable at many outlets. It would be a good idea to
check whether a member establishment does accept the card or not in advance.
Photo Card
Global card
Global cards allow you the flexibility and convenience of using a credit card rather than cash
or travellers checks while travelling abroad for either business or personal reasons.
Co-branded card
Co-branded cards are credit cards issued by card companies that have tied up with a
popular brand for the purpose of offering certain exclusive benefits to the consumer. For
example, the Citi-Times card gives you all the benefits of a Citibank credit card along with a
special discounton Times Music cassettes, free entry to Times Music events, etc.
Affinity Card
The card issuer ties up with popular organizations/ institutions which are often non-profit
organizations (City-WWF card or the Stan chart-Cricket cards) to offer an affinity card.
Add On-card
An add-on card allows you to apply for an additional credit card within the overall credit
limit. You can apply for this card in the name of family members like your father/ mother/
spouse/ brother/ sister/ all children above 18 years of age. Your billing statement would
reflect the details of purchases made using the add-on card. You are liable to make good all
the payments for the purchases made using the add-on card(s).
A secured credit card is a type of credit card secured by a deposit account owned by the card
holder. Typically, the cardholder must deposit between 100% and 200% of the total amount
of credit desired. Thus if the cardholder puts down $1000, they will be given credit in the
range of $500–$1000. In some cases, credit card issuers will offer incentives even on their
secured card portfolios. In these cases, the deposit required may be significantly less than the
required credit limit, and can be as low as 10% of the desired credit limit. This deposit is held
in a special savings account. Credit card issuers offer this because they have noticed that
delinquencies were notably reduced when the customer perceives something to lose if the
balance is not repaid
The cardholder of a secured credit card is still expected to make regular payments, as with a
regular credit card, but should they default on a payment, the card issuer has the option
of recovering the cost of the purchases paid to the merchants out of the deposit. The
advantage of the secured card for an individual with negative or no credit history is that most
companies report regularly to the major credit bureaus. This allows for building of positive
credit history.
Most of these conditions are usually described in a cardholder agreement which the
cardholder signs when their account is opened.
Sometimes a credit card will be secured by home. This is called a home equity line of
credit (HELOC).
prepaid credit cardis not a credit card, since no credit is offered by the card issuer: the card-
holder spends money which has been "stored" via a prior deposit by the card-holder or some
one else, such as a parent or employer. However, it carries a credit-card brand (Visa, Master
Card, American Express or Discover) and can be used in similar ways just as though it were a
regular credit card.
After purchasing the card, the cardholder loads it with any amount of money, up to
the predetermined card limit and then uses the card to make purchases the same way as a
The main advantage over secured credit cards (see above section) is that you are not
required to come up with $500 or more to open an account. With prepaid credit cards you are
not charged any interest but you are often charged a purchasing fee plus monthly fees after an
arbitrary time period. Many other fees also.
Indian consumers have never had it so good. The soiled notes are definitely out. Plastic
money in! Carrying cash is no more `a pain in the neck' as consumers are relying more on the
`plastic card’, which gives them money on credit.
Credit Cards have finally arrived in India. The card industry which is growing at the rate of
20% per annum is flooded with cards ranging from gold, silver, global, smart to secure….the
list is endless. From just two players in early 80s, the industry now houses over 10 major
players having for a major chunk of the card pie.
SBI, one of the late entrants in the card market, has managed to grab over 8 per cent of the
market share from the bigwigs like Citibank and Standard Chartered Bank. The bank's credit
card business has grown by 8 per cent over the last two years. According to bank officials,
SBI's card issue so far is to the tune of 5594922 million which is expected to cross the 1
million mark by the fiscal 2012. The bank is also planning to launch debit card, global card,
gold card and corporate card shortly.
This section of the Intercard web site is designed to help you understand the various
types of plastic card available and their respective uses.
Access control card is a plastic card used to gain/control access to premises or enter
restrictedareas. Usually associated with magnetic or chip cards and proximity cards with or
without photoe.g. ID badges.
Affinity Card
Affinity card is a form of loyalty card where the co-branding partner is a charity or
organisationthat benefits financially from card use.
Barcode card is a card with printed codes made from vertical lines of different thickness used
for fast error free data entry printed somewhere on the face or reverse. There is an array of
machine-readable rectangular bars and spaces arranged in a specific way defined in
international standardsto represent letters, numbers, and other human-readable symbols.
Cards are either the usually 30micron credit card type cards or alternatively can be ‘pop out’
cards.
Blanks Cards
Blank card it is totally blank card & cards with no printing usually used in imaging machines.
CR80 Card
CR80 Card it state about card size & information it is the description for a standard credit
cardsize (3 3/8" x 2 1/8" x .030)
Charge card is a payment card that provides automatic credit within a given invoice date
(usuallymonthly).
Cheque guarantee card is a card issued by a bank or building society for the purpose
of guaranteeing settlement of cheques to third parties or supporting the encashment of
cheques atfinancial institutions up to a specified value. Most debit and some credit cards may
also functionas cheque guarantee cards (multifunction cards).
Chip Card
Chip card is another name for a smart card; refers to a plastic card with an embedded
integratedcircuit, which offers memory and micro processing capabilities.
City Card
City card is a multi-application prepayment card for use within a specific urban area – also
known as town card.
Combo Card
Combo card is a smart card with both "contact" and "contact less" technology on one card. It
is as mart card that transmits and receives data using radio frequencies (RF) technology to
communicate with compatible terminal. Eliminates physical contact or insertion into
reader terminal while retaining intelligence. Often used in walk-by or gate access applications
for mass trans it. Any card where information is transferred to a reader via a series of contact
points located on the card is knows as contact car
Company Card
Contactless smart card is a smart card that transmits and receives data using radio
frequencies(RF) technology to communicate with compatible terminal. Eliminates physical
contact or insertion into reader terminal while retaining intelligence. Often used in walk-by or
gate accessapplications for mass transit.
Contact smart card is a smart card that requires physical contact with a card reading device
toexchange data. Any card where information is transferred to a reader via a series of
contact points located on the card.
Credit card is a term used for a card allowing its owner to spend money with no immediate
ere imbursement. It is basically use for any credit purpose in terms of money.
Debit Card
Debit card is a card similar to a credit card, but differs by immediately withdrawing money
from an account and transferring it to another account. It replaces cheques (with no delay to
give the issuer time to cover it) and does not have a credit line associated.
Digital optical laser card is a portable card that passively stores information in the form of
high-density marks or bars.
Electronic card is a smart card that contains electronic money. It is sometimes called the
electronic wallet or the stored value card (SVC).
E- wallet
This research provides me with an opportunity to explore in the field of “Plastic Money”
This research also provides the feedback of people involved in the using this services.
In today’s life plastic money playing a very important role, it will shows that plastic money
is easily carrying than hard cash. it is a risk free and transaction’s are done easily and very
quickly.
Consumers’ opinions about credit cards also vary depending on their use of and experience
with cards. Less enthusiastic viewpoints are somewhat more common among those who use
credit cards as credit devices rather than primarily as substitutes for cash. Despite expressed
concerns about some practices and experiences, consumers appear to be satisfied.
The growth and popularity of plastic money in India has been phenomenal in the last few
years. The Indian economy is booming with a refreshing youthfulness in its march to success.
4.To analysis the problems which are faced while using plastic money.
7.To study about other ready to use services expected by the customer from banking sector.
The various sources of information can be broadly classified in two categories namely primary
and secondary.
1) DATACOLLECTION :
Primary Data:
In these research with a sample size of nearly 100 customer data will be available in form of
questions influencing the use of Plastic money. Plastic money is consider as dependent on
awareness among customers which will be studied with help of different independent
variables. only the people of the categories of bankers,students,government
employers,farmers,lecturers/professors ,businessman and educational institutions are taken as
samples for study.
Secondary Data:
The collection of information taken from RBI booklet which is used as every financial bank
annual resources of the data.
2) ANALYSIS OF DATA:
Analysis of the data will be done on the basis of various statistical techniques. The interpretation
will be based on the( analysis. Tables, graphs, figures and other statistical data will be included at
the time of presentation.
Methodology:
Tabulation:
The data collected from primary & secondary sources shall be processed systematically & shall be
presented in tabular form according to the stated objectives of the studytheir are two ways of data
collection as like,
1.Line chart
2.Trend line
3. Cone chart
4.Graphs
1) Specified sample size will be selected from five top most bank profile summaries study as
ICICI Bank , HDFC Bank , SBI , HSBC , UTI ,IDBI, BOB Others.
By seeking the work the said project will be completed in the academic year
ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and
retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialized
subsidiaries in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital
and asset management.
The Bank currently has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada, branches in
United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, Qatar and Dubai International
Finance Centre and representative offices in United Arab Emirates, China.
ICICI Bank's equity shares are listed in India on Bombay Stock Exchange and the National
Stock Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on
the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
ICICI Bank has the following channels through which it offers its products and services to its
customers.
Branches
ATMs
Internet Banking
Mobile Banking
Phone Banking
Cards
ICICI Bank is India's largest issuer of credit cards. It also offers other types of cards. The
various cards offered by ICICI bank are as below:
Consumer Cards
Credit Cards
Travel Cards
Debit Cards
Commercial Cards
Corporate Cards
Prepaid Cards
Purchase Cards
Business Cards
Merchant Services
CHAPTER: 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Credit cards in India are gaining ground. A number of banksin India are encouraging people
to use credit card. The concept of credit card was used in 1950 with the launch of charge
cards in USA by Diners Club and American Express. Credit card however became
more popular with use of magnetic strip in 1970.
Credit card in India became popular with the introduction of foreign banks in the
country. Credit cards are financial instruments, which can be used more than once to borrow
money or buy products and services on credit. Basically banks, retail stores and other
businesses issue these.
2.EMV chip
3.Hologram
6.Expiry Date
7.Cardholder's name
1. Magnetic Stripe
2. Signature Strip
3. Card Security Code
Debit Card
The difference between a credit card and a debit card is that in the case of the latter,
the payment is made against the balance in your bank account. So a debit card relieves you of
having to withdraw lump sums of money from your bank account or of carrying your cheque
book around every time you go shopping or decide to eat out.
A debit card differs from a credit card in that a debit card is tied directly to your
checking account and the amount of money you can spend with it is limited to the amount of
money you have in the bank.
When you use a debit card, the transaction debits (withdraws) the amount of the
transaction from your checking account, usually on the same day. You can use a debit card to
get cash from ATM machines or have it swiped like a credit card at shops or restaurants or
swipe it through a pay phone to make a call.
If your card is lost or stolen, call your bank before someone else spends your money. Write
down your bank's number before you leave home and keep it in a couple of places - your
journal, your guidebook. Set up an international snail mail address before you leave home so
your bank cansend you a new card if it does get lost or stolen.
Debit cards are handy when making a long distance room reservation or any internet
reservation, including plane tickets. You can't use a debit card just like a credit card when
renting a car – the companies require a major credit card, which offer a certain amount of
insurance in case you have a fender bender.
International ATM machines will charge a fee when you use your debit card; the
amount is determined by the ATM owner. Most fees are under $5 -- a notice on the ATM
machine will tell you what the fee is. More than $2 is too much -- look for another ATM
machine.
Our society was once upon a time functioning without money; it is again likely to become
money less. While ancient society was confronted with the problems of adjusting mutually
satisfactory rates and basis of exchange, future society, with the help of computers,
electronics and telecommunications, credit cards, telephone and other modern means of
communications, would settle financial transactions instantly. Money as a medium of
exchange will serve its function.
Credit cards have finally arrived in India. The card industry, which is growing at the rate of
20 per cent per annum is flooded with cards ranging from gold, silver, global, smart to
secure…the list is endless. From just two payments in the early ‘80s, the industry now houses
over 10 major players vying for a major chunk of the card pie.
Currently, four major bishops are ruling the card empire - Citibank, Standard Chartered
Bank, HSBC and State Bank of India (SBI). The industry, which is catering to over 20
The credit card market in India, which started out in 1981, is on the verge of an
unprecedented boom. Between 1987 and 2000, the market has virtually grown to over 3.8
million cards with almost 25-30 per cent growth in new card-holders.
Annually and has now more than 30 banks chasing customers with their cards. Still, credit
cards in India have made business sense only to a few.
In a recent case of credit card frauds busted by the Chennai Police, it was found that the
credit card particulars had been stolen from many hotels in several foreign cities such as
Singapore. These were used in preparing duplicate credit cards through which purchases were
made from shops in Chennai.
In the initial days of e-commerce, there were incidents where “pseudo sites” were created to
gather credit card information in exchange for some service. Many of the e-commerce sites
used to save the credit card details on the web server which were hacked into and information
stolen.
Some of the e-commerce sites today take a precaution to ensure that the billing address on the
card and the destination of goods purchased are same to ensure that there is no third party
who is benefiting from the purchase. This sometimes creates an embarrassment when a
person is trying to send a gift to another person. One of the precautions that Indian e-
commerce site owners are adopting in such cases is to verify from the destination address the
genuineness of the transaction and the relationship between the credit card holder and
beneficiary.
The problemsthat arise to the credit card users are many. There is harassment from the
clutches of bankers also. Some banks issued credit cards to people without verifying their
creditworthiness. This led the card-holders into a debt. Considering all these things, the
Chennai chapter of the Credit Card Users Association was launched on April 25, 2007. It is
organizing credit card surrender campaign for such card-holders. So the repaid growth of
credit holders will be going up.
J. Sheebarani
The growth and popularity of plastic money in India has been phenomenal in the last few
years. The Indian economy is booming with a refreshing youthfulness in its march to success.
An additional feature to secure the credit card transaction and prohibit the use of a lost credit
card is the Mobi Clear solution. Each transaction is authenticated through a call to the user
mobile phone. The transaction is released once the transaction has been confirmed by the
cardholder pushing his/her pin code during the call…
The PCI DSS is the security standard issued by The PCI SSC (Payment Card Industry
Security Standards Council). This data security standard is used by acquiring banks to impose
cardholder data security measures upon their merchants.
Interest charges vary widely from card issuer to card issuer. Often, there are "teaser" rates in
effect for initial periods of time (as low as zero percent for, say, six months), whereas
regular rates can be as high as 40 percent. In the U.S. there is no federal limit on the interest
or late fees credit card issuers can charge; the interest rates are set by the states, with some
states such as South Dakota, having no ceiling on interest rates and fees, inviting some banks
to establish their credit card operations there. Other states, for example Delaware, have very
weak usury laws. The teaser rate no longer applies if the customer doesn't pay his bills on
time, and is replaced by a penalty interest rate (for example, 24.99%) that applies
retroactively. So customers should be wary of these offers that usually contain some traps.
Precautions :
To avoid
•Be cautious about disclosing your account number over the phone unless you know you're
dealing
•Draw a line through blank spaces on charge or debit slips above the total so the amount
cannot be
changed.
•Tear up carbons and save your receipts to check against your monthly statements.
•Cut up old cards - cutting through the account number - before disposing of them.
•Open monthly statements promptly and compare them with your receipts. Report mistakes
or discrepancies as soon as possible to the special address listed on your statement for
inquiries. Under the FCBA (credit cards) and the EFTA (ATM or debit cards), the card issuer
must investigate errors reported to them within 60 days of the date your statement was mailed
to you.
•Keep a record - in a safe place separate from your cards - of your account numbers,
expiration dates, and the telephone numbers of each card issuer so you can report a loss
quickly.
•Please sign on the signature panel on the reverse of the Card immediately with a non-
erasable ball-point pen (preferably in black ink). This will ensure that the benefits
of membership are yours and yours alone.
•Keep the Card in a prominent place in your wallet. You will notice if it is missing.
Card-issuing bank: -
The financial institution or other organization that issued the credit card to the cardholder.
This bank bills the consumer for repayment and bears the risk that the card is used
fraudulently. American Express and Discover were previously the only card-issuing banks for
their respective brands, but as of 2012, this is no longer the case.
Merchant: -
The individual or business accepting credit card payments for products or services sold to the
cardholder.
Acquiring Bank
The financial institution accepting payment for the products or services on behalf of the
merchant.
Merchant Account
This could refer to the acquiring bank or the independent sales organization, but in general is
the organization that the merchant deals with.
Transaction Network
The system that implements the mechanics of the electronic transactions. May be operated by
an independent company, and one company may operate multiple networks. Transaction
processing networks include: Card net, Nabanco, Omaha,Paymentech, NDC Atlanta, Nova,
Vital, Concord EFSnet, and Visa Net.
Affinity partner:-
30
25
Ratio Analysis
20
15
10
0
er an r s t s es ed s
rm m so en ye ut nk
Fa ss es ud o tit Ba
ne r o f
St pl ns
si /P m Ii
Bu rs v t .E n
r e
Go tio
ct
u
u ca
Le Ed
Table no.1.1
30
25
Ratio Anaysis
20
15
10
5
0
er an rs nt
s
ee
s
te
d
nk
s
r m sm sso e y tu a
Fa es fe ud lo ti B
sin ro St p
Iin
s
u /P t.Em n
B rs v tio
r e Go ca
ctu u
Le Ed
Table no.1.2
30
25
20
15
Ratio Analysis
10
0
er an or
s ts ee
s ed nk
s
rm sm ss den oy tut Ba
Fa es f e u l sti
sin ro St p
Iin
u /P t.Em n
B rs v o
r e Go cati
ctu u
Le Ed
Table no.1.3
4.Though a credit card or debit card you can purchase anything from anywhere without spend
money on cash transaction, it more?
30
25
Ratio Analsis
20
15
10
0
... nt
s
ee
s
te
d
nk
s
f es e y tu a
ro ud lo
sti B
/P St p
Iin
ers t Em n
r v tio
ctu Go ca
Le u
Ed
Table no.1.4
Ratio Anaysis 30
25
20
15
10
0
er an ... ts ee
s ... nk
s
r m sm f es den y stit a
Fa s ro o Iin B
e /P St
u pl
usin rs Em on
B r e vt ati
ctu Go d uc
Le E
Table no.1.5
30
25
Ratio Analysis
20
15
10
0
er an r s t s es d s
rm so en ye te nk
Fa ss
m es ud o tit
u Ba
ne r of St pl ns
si /P m Ii
Bu rs v tE on
e
u r Go ati
ct u c
Le Ed
Table no.1.6
30
25
Ratio Anysis
20
15
10
0
er an rs ts s d s
m so en yee te nk
r sm s d o tu Ba
Fa es fe St
u pl sti
sin P ro Em Iin
Bu s/ vt on
r er Go ati
c
ctu u
Le Ed
Table no.1.7
8.What are the different areas where you usually use plastic money?
35
Ratio Analsis
30
25
20
15
10
0
er an rs nt
s
ee
s
te
d
nk
s
r m sm sso e y tu a
Fa es fe ud pl
o ti B
sin ro St m Iin
s
u /P vt
E
on
B rs
r e Go cati
ctu u
Le Ed
Table no.1.8
35
Ratio Analysis 30
25
20
15
10
5
0
er an or
s ts ee
s ed nk
s
rm sm ss den oy tut Ba
a s e u l sti
F e of St p
usin /Pr Em Iin
B rs vt tio
n
re Go a
tc u uc
Le Ed
Table no.1.9
10. What other services are you expecting from banking sector-
30
25
Ratio Analysis
20
15
10
0
er an s ts s ed s
rm or en ee ut nk
a ssm ess d loy t Ba
F e
ro
f St
u p sti
usin /P Em Iin
B rs vt tio
n
r e Go a
ctu uc
Le Ed
Table no.1.10
35
30
25
20
Government Employees
15 Farmers
Business Owners
10 Women
5 Student
0
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
Table no.2.1
1000000
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
Bank of State IDBI Ltd. HDFC ICICI Bank HSBC Axis Bank
Baroda Bank of Bank Ltd. Ltd. Ltd.
India
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Table no.3.1
2000000000.00
1500000000.00
1000000000.00
500000000.00
0.00
Bank of State Bank IDBI Ltd. HDFC Bank ICICI Bank HSBC Axis Bank
Baroda of India Ltd. Ltd. Ltd.
Table no.3.2
140 45
120
1.The interest rate charged on credit
100 card are responsible
57
3.Credit card billing statements are
80 accurate
27 2.Credit card companies show enough
60 14 concern for processing costumer pri-
vacy
11
40 21 14
35 33
20 10
19
13
0
Strongly Agree Agree some what Disagree Some Strongly
what Disagree
Table no.4.1
120
67 55 33 41
1. Credit Card companies make too
100 45 much credit available to most people.
2. Sending solicitations that offers low
80 rates but only for a short time probabil-
29 ity misleads a lot of people
13
3. Credit card companies make it hard
60 for people to get out of debt.
15
4. Credit card companies should not be
35 7 18 allowed to issue credit card to college
40 students
17
18 5. Overspending is fault of consumers
8 28 not the credit card companies.
20 7
21
18 12
0 3
Strongly Agree Agree some Disagree Some Strongly
what what Disagree
Table no.4.2
Table no.4.3
Table no.4.4
Information Availability
120
20. It would be good thing for consumers if
1 they were not around.
100 21 0
13 0
28 0
24 0
13
5 21 19. Most people are satisfied in their dealing
80 19 43 with them
28
26 18. Memo- General satisfaction or dissatis-
27
60 22 faction will closed- end creditors and lends
in 2011-2012.
17 16
40 38 39 39 17. Mailings other ads that offer a low rate at
29 32 first followed by a higher rate are confusing
to me.
20
16. Information on the statements about
0 how long it would take to pay off the balance
it I make only the minimum payments would
Strongly Agree some Disagree Strongly be very helpful to me.
Agree what Some what Disagree
Table no.4.5
Out of 100% only 10-20% people use plastic money approx. out of which many of the people
are unaware of it and many of the people are not comfortable or don’t want use it as they feel
that paper notes are more safer than plastic money.
People can take credit through plastic money i.e. credit card as and when required. It is also
observed that there are frauds in plastic money some of them can be solved and some of them
cannot be solved.
Website
http://www.finance.indiamart.com
www.artidealley.com
http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/statisticsaspx
http://wikipedia.org/wiki/credit
Books
Signature : ___________________
3. Do you know about the different types of plastic money available in the market
today?
O Yes
O No
O May be
4. Through a credit card or debit card you can purchase anything from
anywherewithout spend money on fare or cash transition, it more
O It time saving
O Tiredness
O Not applicable
8. What are the different areas where you usually use plastic money?
O Shopping
O Outlet
O Travelling
O Others
10. What other services are you expecting from banking sectors-
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
ROSHAN GHODE
]