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    PR2-lesson 5

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    Fordz
    This document discusses quantitative research methods and procedures for collecting data, including research design, approach, sources of data, and instrumentation. It describes choosing an appropriate research design such as case studies or time series analysis. The research approach can be quantitative, using tools like questionnaires and surveys, or qualitative, using open-ended questions and interviews. It discusses determining the study location and population, then selecting a random sample using techniques like stratified sampling or Slovin's formula to calculate sample size. The document also covers developing and validating instruments to collect data and measure intended outcomes.

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    PR2-lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    Fordz
    23 views2 pages
    This document discusses quantitative research methods and procedures for collecting data, including research design, approach, sources of data, and instrumentation. It describes choosing an appropriate research design such as case studies or time series analysis. The research approach can be quantitative, using tools like questionnaires and surveys, or qualitative, using open-ended questions and interviews. It discusses determining the study location and population, then selecting a random sample using techniques like stratified sampling or Slovin's formula to calculate sample size. The document also covers developing and validating instruments to collect data and measure intended outcomes.

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    PR2-lesson.5 (1)

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    This document discusses quantitative research methods and procedures for collecting data, including research design, approach, sources of data, and instrumentation. It describes choosing an appropriate research design such as case studies or time series analysis. The research approach can be quantitative, using tools like questionnaires and surveys, or qualitative, using open-ended questions and interviews. It discusses determining the study location and population, then selecting a random sample using techniques like stratified sampling or Slovin's formula to calculate sample size. The document also covers developing and validating instruments to collect data and measure intended outcomes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    23 views2 pages

    PR2-lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    Fordz
    This document discusses quantitative research methods and procedures for collecting data, including research design, approach, sources of data, and instrumentation. It describes choosing an appropriate research design such as case studies or time series analysis. The research approach can be quantitative, using tools like questionnaires and surveys, or qualitative, using open-ended questions and interviews. It discusses determining the study location and population, then selecting a random sample using techniques like stratified sampling or Slovin's formula to calculate sample size. The document also covers developing and validating instruments to collect data and measure intended outcomes.

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    PRACTICAL

    UNDERSTANDING DATA AND WAYS TO


    RESEARCH
    2 SYSTEMATICALLY COLLECT DATA
    MELCS: Chooses appropriate quantitative research design; and
    Describes sampling procedure and sample
    CHAPTER II
    METHODS AND PROCEDURES
    Research Design
    1. The design of the research could be any of the following, general classifications: phenomenological, historical,
    theory building, case studies, time series, etc.
    2. The appropriate research design should be specified and described. Explain why this particular research design/
    procedure was chosen.
    3. Include likewise the research approach; quantitative. Explain also the details and its application to the study.
    Research Design is the detailed outline of how a study or investigation takes place. It typically includes how data or
    cases are collected, what instruments are employed, how the instruments are used and the intended means for
    analyzing data collected.
    Research Approach can be either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative approach deals with data that are numeric
    while qualitative data deals with data expressed as descriptions or observations. Quantitative approach uses
    questionnaires, tests, surveys while qualitative uses open-ended questions, interviews or observations. Mixed-method
    approach combines the two afore-cited approaches.
    Sources of Data
    Locale and Population of the Study
    1. Describe the place where the study will be conducted and the reason behind the choice.
    2. Describe the human participants in the study (respondents) and the sampling design to be used. Usually
    for quantitative approach, calculating the sample size is sorted to.
    3. Correct sample must be calculated so that the research will have its unquestionable validity.
    Sampling Technique
    1. When population is manageable, the entire population is considered; but, when population is not,
    sampling technique is used. (For Grade 11 students, they can consider 250 students respondents as a big
    population)
    Calculating the Sample Size
    N
    The Slovin’s Formula is: n= 2
    (1+ N e )

    where n= sample size


    N= total population
    e= margin of error
     The margin of error is set to 0.05 when the study is descriptive. The smaller the margin of
    error, the larger is the sample size.
    Sample Computation:
    Calculate the sample size of 5,849 respondents (descriptive).
    N
    n= 2
    (1+ N e )
    5849
    n=
    [1+5849 ( 0.05 )2 ]
    n=374

    Table 1: Distribution of Respondents


    Group N n
    A 250 52
    C 123 25
    D 456 94
    E 314 65
    F 398 82
    Total 1, 541 318
    Note: e= 0.05
    n for A=
    250 = 52
    ¿¿
    Determining the Specific Numbers of the Sample Group
    To determine the specific members of the sample group after conducting stratified sampling, apply scientific
    random sampling. For instance, if the computed sample is 318, the number of questionnaires or research tools to be
    floated must be more than the sample size; in this particular example, it must be more than 318. After all the questions
    have gathered, randomly select the specific sample size per group until the 318 is obtained. Doing this technique will also
    help the researcher in case a certain questionnaire randomly selected has incomplete responses; the researcher can replace
    the said questionnaire with a new one, taken from extra questionnaires.
    When the population is only minimal, say 50, assigning random numbers or codes or applying the fishbowl
    technique can be a good scheme. Using the techniques validate the randomization of the selection of the respondents.
    Note: Convenience sampling is not allowed to be used in determining the sample group.

    Instrumentation
    1. Describe the sources of data, the instruments to be used, what each will measure, how to interpret, to
    whom they will be administered and if possible, how they will be administered.
    2. Present the tools and procedure to be used to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire.
    3. Append sample computation.

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