CORNEA TRANSPLANT REGISTRATION

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROBLEM DEFINITION

This Mini project in Python is titled as “Cornea Transplant Registration”. The eye
Bank Record system is used to find the donors. This software provides the details of
donor and eye types available. In this, person can have a complete details about the
donor eye in the software . The functionalities of ordinary person can check easily
The eye Bank record System project is to provide all hospitals and for normal people
a easy solutions which are easily accessible and available to everyone. This project
includes various functions for inserting the Donor’s details, displaying and for saving
the details of the donors.

1.2 OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the project “Eye Bank” is to prepare a software that contains the
information of the donors which helps the people for checking the eye or for the eye donor. The
functions of this project are creating a donor profile, listing the details, updating the records.
This software is made to work efficiently and effectively. It results in regular and timely work
properly. It can be observed that the information can be obtained easily and accurately. Tkinter
is used in developing this project

1.3 METHODOLOGY TO BE FOLLOWED

In this project, python will play the major role. In this I am Using python to
create eye bank as to store the details of the donors.An object is a many
bundle of functions and procedures often relating to a particular Real world
concept such as eye bank system, I can access the donor details by calling the
function and its procedures.
.

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1.4 EXPECTED OUTCOMES

• This system will manage the details of donor, adding data, deleting data, retrieve
data, search data, export data, display data, update data etc.
• The functions for the above five modules of cornea transplant registration are-
• Insertion module-It contains data where we can add data respectively.
• Delete module-It contains all the details and later it has to be deleted.
• Search module-It is used to search the data according to the donor
data.
• Update module-It is used to update in particular fields .
• Export module-It is used to export data present in database to Excel sheet.

1.5 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

 Hardware: 8GB RAM, Intel(R) Corei5

 Operating System: Windows OS

 Software: Pycharm IDE

 Database: SQLite/Command prompt

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CHAPTER 2

FUNDAMENTALS OF PYTHON

2.1 INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON

Python may be an unremarkably and extensively used all-purpose, high-level artificial

language. Guido van Rossum in 1991 was the founding father of Python and was later
developed by Python computer code Foundation. It absolutely was primarily designed to
emphasize on code readability, and its syntax permits programmers to precise ideas in
few lines of code. Python will be used for things like:

Figure 2.1.1: Python used in various stream

2.2 ADVANTAGES OF PYTHON

Easy to browse, Learn and Write. Python may be a high-level artificial language that has
English-like syntax. ...
• Improved Productivity.
• Interpreted Language. ...
• Dynamically written. ...
• Free and ASCII text file.
• Vast Libraries Support. ...
• Portability. ...

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• Slow Speed.

2.3 DATA TYPES

Variables will store information of various sorts, and differing types will do various
things.
Python has the subsequent information sorts inherent by default, in these categories:
Text Type: str
Numeric Types: int, float, complex
Sequence Types: list, tuple, range
Mapping Type: dict
Set Types: set, frozen set
Boolean Type: bool
Binary Types: bytes, byte array, memory view
2.3 PYTHON NUMBERS
There are a unit 3 numeric sorts in Python:
• int
• float
• complex
Variables of numeric sorts area unit created after you assign a worth to them:
Int:
Int, or integer, may be a number, positive or negative, while not decimals, of unlimited
length.
Float:
Float, or "floating purpose variety" may be a number, positive or negative, containing
one or a lot of decimals.
Complex:
Complex numbers area unit written with a "j" because the imagined part:
2.4 PYTHON STRINGS
String:
Strings in python area unit encircled by either single quotation marks, or double
quotation marks.
'hello' is that the same as "hello".
Assign String to a Variable:
Assigning a string to a variable is finished with the variable name followed by AN equal
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sign and therefore the string:

Ex a= “hello”
Print (a)

Strings area unit arrays

Like several alternative well-liked programming languages, strings in Python area unit
arrays of bytes representing Unicode characters.
However, Python doesn't have a personality information kind, one character is solely a
string with a length of one.
Square brackets will be accustomed access components of the string.
String length:
To get the length of a string, use the len() perform.
Check in string:
To check if an explicit phrase or character is gift during a string, we are able to use the
keyword in.

2.5 PYTHON LISTS

Python Lists are just like dynamically sized arrays, declared in other languages (vector in
C++ and Array List in Java). In simple language, a list is a collection of things, enclosed in [
] and separated by commas.
Print (Var)
Var = ["Hello", "World"]

2.6 PYTHON FUNCTIONS

A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called. You can pass data, known
as parameters, into a function. A function can return data as a result. Information can be
passed into functions as arguments. Arguments are specified after the function name,
inside the parentheses. You can add as many arguments as you want, just separate them
with a comma.

def my_function():
print("Hello from a function")

my_function()

The idea is to put some commonly or repeatedly done tasks together and make a
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function so that instead of writing the same code again and again for different inputs,
we can do the function calls to reuse code contained in it over and over again.

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CHAPTER 3

FUNDAMENTALS OF DBMS

3.1 INTRODUCTION
Database Fundamentals introduces information ideas, together with relative databases,
tables and information sorts, information choice and manipulation, views, keep
procedures, functions, normalization, constraints, indexes, security, and backup and
restore

The database management system software system permits users to share information.
It provides a scientific technique of creating, updating, retrieving and storing info in an
exceedingly information. DBMSs are generally answerable for information integrity,
information access management, and automatic rollback, restart and recovery.

3.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF A DBMS

• Relational databases
• Structured search language
• Isolation of information and application
• ACID properties
• Multiuser and simultaneous access
• Object directed programming
• Transactional process

3.3 DATA MODEL

Some of the Data Models in DBMS are:
Some of the info Models in database management system are:
• Hierarchical Model.
• Network Model.
• Entity-Relationship Model.
• Relational Model.
• Object-Oriented information Model.
• Object-Relational information Model.
• Flat information Model.
• Semi-Structured information Model.

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3.4 THREE - SCHEMA ARCHITECTURE

Figure 3.4.1: Schema architecture

1. Internal Level
 The internal level has an inside schema that describes the physical storage
structure of the information.
 The internal schema is additionally called a physical schema.
 It uses the physical information model. It’s wont to outline that however the info
are keep in an exceedingly block.
 The physical level is employed to explain complicated low-level information
structures intimately.
2. Abstract Level
 The abstract schema describes the planning of a information at the abstract
level. Abstract level is additionally called logical level.
 The abstract schema describes the structure of the full information.
 The abstract level describes what information ar to be keep within the
information and conjointly describes what relationship exists among those
information.
 In the abstract level, internal details like associate implementation of the info
structure are hidden.
 Programmers and information directors work this level.
3. External Level
 At the external level, an information contains many schemas that generally
known as subschema. The subschema is employed to explain the various read of
the information.
 An external schema is additionally called read schema.
 Each read schema describes the information half that a specific user cluster is
interested and hides the remaining information from that user cluster.

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 The read schema describes the top user interaction with information systems.
3.4 DBMS COMPONENT MODULES

ER diagrams or ERD’s are composed of three main elements: entities, attributes, and
relationships.

 Entities - Typically displayed in a rectangle, entities can be represented by objects,

persons, concepts, or events that contain data.
 Attributes - Displayed in a circle or an oval, the attributes refer to the characteristics of
an entity. They can be categorized as simple, composite, or derived, and an object can
have one or multiple attributes.
 Relationships - Illustrate how two or more entities interact with each other. They are
displayed as labels placed on the lines connecting the objects.

3.5 ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP (ER) MODEL

The Entity-Relationship (ER) Model is an attractive high level conceptual data model. It
has an entity which may be an object with a physical existence like a particular car,
house, person or employee or it may be an object with a conceptual existence like an
organization, a profession, or a university course. Each entity has attributes—the
definite properties that characterize it.

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CHAPTER 4

FUNDAMENTALS OF SQL

4.1 INTRODUCTION
SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It is used for storing and managing data in
relational database management system (RDMS).It is a standard language for Relational
Database System. It enables a user to create, read, update and delete relational
databases and tables. All the RDBMS like MySQL, Informix, Oracle, MS Access and SQL
Server use SQL as their standard database language. SQL allows users to query the
database in a number of ways, using English-like statements.

4.2 SQL COMMANDS

Here are five types of widely used SQL queries/Languages.
• Data Definition Language (DDL)
• Data Manipulation Language (DML)
• Data Control Language(DCL)
• Transaction Control Language(TCL)
• Data Query Language (DQL)

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4.3 Data Definition Language (DDL)

– It is used to define and to change the structure of the database.
– DDL commands are:
• CREATE
• ALTER
• DROP
• TRUNCATE
4.4 Data Manipulation Language (DML)
– DML commands are used to modify the data stored in database
by inserting, modifying, and deleting its data.
– DML commands are:
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
4.5 Data Control Language (DCL)
– DCL commands are useful to grant and take back "rights &
permissions” from any database user.
– Commands that come under DCL:
• GRANT
• REVOKE
4.6 Transaction Control Language (TCL)
– TCL commands can only use with DML commands like INSERT,
DELETE and UPDATE only.
– Commands that come under TCL:
• COMMIT
• ROLLBACK
• SAVEPOINT
4.7 Data Query Language (DQL)
– DQL is used to fetch the data from the database.
– It uses only one command:
• SELECT

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CHAPTER 5

DESIGN
5.1 DESIGN GOALS
This interface is designed in a modular approach. This has 2 modules-

 Login module
 Insert,Delete,Update,Search,Display,Export module

5.2 FLOWCHART

Excel
sheet

Figure 5.2.1: Flowchart

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CHAPTER6
IMPLEMENTATION

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6.1 MODULE 1 FUNCTIONALITY (CREATING THE LOGIN PAGE)

Figure 6.1.1: Creating the login page

6.2 MODULE 2 FUNCTIONALITY (Connect Database)

Figure 6.2.1: Connecting database

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6.3 MODULE 3 FUNCTIONALITY (INSERTION RECORD)

Figure 6.3.1: Insertion Record

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6.4 MODULE 4 FUNCTIONALITY (DELETE RECORD)

Figure 6.4.1: Delete page

6.5 MODULE 5 FUNCTIONALITY (SEARCH RECORD)SEARCH

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Figure 6.5.1: Search data

6.6 MODULE 6 FUNCTIONALITY (LIBRARIES)

6.7 MODULE 7 FUNCTIONALITY (EXPORT RECORD)

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Figure 6.7.1: Export data

6.8 MODULE 8 FUNCTIONALITY (DISPLAY DATA)

Figure 6.8.1: Display data

6.9 MODULE 9 FUNCTIONALITY (SLIDERS AND CLOCK)

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Figure 6.9.1: Sliders and clock

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CHAPTER 7
RESULT

7.1RESULT 1 (LOGIN PAGE)

Figure 7.1.1: Login Page

7.2RESULT 2 (CONNECT DATABASE)

Figure 7.2.1: connecting database

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7.3 RESULT 3 (INSERT RECORD)

Figure 7.3.1: Insert Record

7.4 RESULT 4 (DELETE RECORD)

Figure 7.4.1: Delete record

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7.5 ESULT 5 (UPDATE RECORD)

Figure 7.5.1: Update data

7.6 RESULT 6 (EXPORT DATA)

Figure 7.6.1: Export data

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CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION

The “Cornea Transplant Registration” project is to provide all eye donor management solutions
which are easily accessible to everyone. In this project we created various functions for
inserting the donor’s details, displaying and for saving the details of the donors. This projects
reduces the man power and can be used very easily even without basic computer knowledge.
This project helped me to gain more knowledge.

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REFE
RENCES

 ‘Head-First Python’ by Paul Barry

 ‘Learning Python’ by David Ascher
 ‘Learn Python’ the Hard Way by Zed Shaw

Books referred for MySQL:

 MySQL Crash Course by Ben Forta
 Learning SQL by Alan Beaulieu
 SQL Cookbook by Anthony Molinaro

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